At the beginning, when he became emperor, he made Liu Yong's younger brother Liu Jing king of Dingtao. Guangqi's son Liu Xun died, his nickname was Yang Hou, and his son Liu Xian succeeded to the throne. Pingdi died childless, and Wang Mang made Liu Ying, the son of Liu Xian, a straight son, and succeeded Pingdi.
Follwed usurped the throne and made Wei Liu an Gong. After Wang Mang was killed in Han Dynasty, Liu Ying started a new stove in Chang 'an, and Pingren Wang and others knew the astronomical phenomena very well. They think that the emperor will definitely fail to start again, and Liu Ying should be made emperor according to the unification of the emperor.
People, he sent his troops together to take Liu Ying to Lin Jing and make him emperor. Chiang Kai-shek sent Prime Minister Song Li to defeat them and kill Liu Ying.
2. Xia Yuanji studied the original translation of the classical Chinese Xia Yuanji, and Xia Yuanji's ancestor was Dexing.
His father Xia Shimin worked as an Oracle in Xiangyin, so he settled here. Xia Yuanji was orphaned a long time ago. He studies hard and takes care of his mother.
He entered imperial academy under the recommendation of local officials in prefectures and counties, and was later elected to write imperial edicts in the palace. Several students laughed loudly, and Xia Yuanji sat upright and serious.
Ming Taizu secretly observed that he was different and promoted him to be the director of the family department. Ming Chengzu acceded to the throne and transferred him to the position of left assistant minister.
There was a flood in western Zhejiang, but the officials in charge of water control could do nothing. In the first year of Yongle, Xia Yuanji was ordered to control water. Xia Yuanji walked in cloth and planned day and night. At the hottest time, there is no umbrella cover. He said, "The people are working hard. How can I bear to be comfortable alone?"
He returned to Beijing after the flood fighting. In the seventh year of Yongle, the emperor toured the north, and ordered Xia Yuanji to act as the agent of does, ministry of war and Douchayuan.
There are two guards who advocate a monthly salary, and the emperor wants to behead them. Xia Yuanji said: "This is illegal. If they really steal it, what punishment will they receive? " The emperor then stopped cutting their imperial edicts.
In the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he accompanied the emperor to the north. The emperor tasted the dry food in Xia Yuanji's bag and said with a smile, "Why is it so bad?" Xia Yuanji replied: "There are still hungry people in the army." The emperor ordered that the meals of senior officials be given to him and that the soldiers be rewarded.
Xia Yuanji is so generous that it is impossible to measure its margin. Officials at the same level have advantages and he will adopt them; Some people have small problems, and he must cover them up.
Once, an official soiled the gold woven clothes given by the emperor. Xia Yuanji said, "Don't be afraid, the dirty things can be washed away." On another occasion, an official soiled subtle documents and kowtowed for his life.
Xia Yuanji also don't ask, into the remorse. The emperor ordered these documents to be changed. Lv Zhen once pushed out Xia Yuanji.
Lu Zhen asked for an official position for his son. Xia Yuanji believed that Lu Zhen had the merit of guarding the city during the period of "Jingnan" and pleaded with the court for him. At first, people at Pingjiang hated Xia Yuanji, but Xia Yuanji often praised Chen Youcai.
Someone asked Xia Yuanji, "Can you learn to be generous?" He said, "When I was young, I was not angry when someone offended me. I began to have patience on my face and patience in my heart for a while. After a long time, there is nothing to be patient with. "
He is used to reviewing the documents recording the confessions of criminals at night, patting the table and sighing, and his pen never drops. When his wife asked him, he said, "This is the execution book at the end of the year."
Once he and his classmates went out for a drink and came back in the evening to catch up with the snow. After the palace gate, some people try not to dismount. Xia Yuanji said, "A gentleman should not be corrupted by darkness."
He is so cautious.
3. Introduction to the ancient prose of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty: Emperor Wendi's high surname is Yang, a native of Huayin, Hongnong County, and also a Han Taiwei.
The eighth generation Sun Yan was the satrap of Beiping. After Yuanshou, Sima Wei was born in Wuchuan Town.
Children and grandchildren are born in Taiyuan, and the satrap is born in the plain.
Zhen Zhen, a far-reaching general, was born honest. Even the imperial examination was given by Kansai people when they revolted from Zhou Taizu.
Pu is a general, and Emperor Yangdi gave it to Taibao.
Sui Wendi Huan
Yang Di's second son, great-great-grandfather, also said in English fine print.
The beauty of Queen Wen Dugu was not as good as that of Ming Hui's great-grandfather, and later she was especially admired by all the philosophers.
At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Gao Zuxun established Yanmen County as the first year of Emperor Kai, which was worshipped by the King of Jin.
Zhu Guo was in charge of Bing at the age of thirteen. Guang Yang
Emperor Gong was afraid of the son of Prince Yuan De, and his mother said that Wei Fei was very clever.
Dayerong has been established as Queen Chen for three years and moved to Wang Yi for several years, but
Emperor Yang-ti made a personal expedition to Liaodong, so that he stayed in the capital for eleven years and worshipped Taiyuan from Xingyang.
The prefect searched for the town capital, and the volunteers entered Chang 'an, respecting the emperor Yang Di and making up the affairs of the emperor's father. Youyang
4. Are Shi Zuming, Min and Yang all emperors? "Shi" here means to give it posthumous title.
Posthumous title, in ancient China, was a kind and judgmental title given by a monarch, emperor, royal family, queen, minister or famous person after his death according to his life story and moral cultivation. Confucius and Guan Yu, for example, were granted many posthumous title titles by successive emperors. Some neighboring countries influenced by China culture, such as Japan and North Korea, also recorded the burial of posthumous title.
Yang Di Yang Guang (569-6 14. 08, 1 1) was the second generation emperor of the Sui Dynasty. Tang Dynasty named him Emperor Yang, Dou Jiande named him Emperor Min, and his grandson Dong Yang named him Emperor Shi Zuming. These three are Yang Di Yang Guang's posthumous title.
Dou Jiande was from the Sui Dynasty. After his family was killed by Sui Jun, Dou Jiande led 200 people to join the rebel army of Gao Shida, a native of Qinghe, against the Sui Dynasty. After ruling Hebei, Xia Guo was established. In May of 62 1 year, in order to save the king, he was defeated and captured in the battle of Hulaoguan. On July 11th of the same year (that is, August 2nd of 62 1 year), he was executed by Tang Gaozu of Tang Gaozu in Chang 'an.
5. Translation of classical Chinese reading answers in the Ming Dynasty's Biography of Huanghuai for reference:
Huanghuai, word Yu Zong, Yongjia people. When Fang Guozhen occupied Wenzhou, his father lived in seclusion to avoid illegal appointment.
Huang Huai was a scholar in the examination at the end of Hongwu, and a scholar in Zhongshu. Cheng Zu ascended the throne, summoned him to answer the emperor's wishes, and ordered him to negotiate with Jie Jin on the left side of the emperor's couch. Sometimes the emperor fell asleep in the middle of the night, so he sat in front of the bed and talked. Secrets and important affairs were known in advance. Soon, Jie Jin and other six people were on duty at the Wen Yuan Pavilion. Change to Hanlin editor and be promoted to reading. The imperial court proposed to seal the crown prince, and Huang Huai requested to seal the old Di Zi. After the Prince was confirmed, he was transferred to be a student. In the fifth year of Yongle, Jie Jin was demoted, and Huang Huai was promoted to the University of Youchunfang. The following year, he assisted the emperor's grandson with Hu Guang, Jin Youzi, Yang Rong and Yang Shiqi. In the seventh year of Yongle, the emperor toured the north and ordered Huang Huai, Zhouyi, Jinzhong and Yang Shiqi to assist the Crown Prince to stay in Beijing and act as an agent of state affairs. In the 11th year of Yongle, the emperor visited the north again, and Huanghuai remained in the capital. The next year, when the emperor came back from conquering Walla, the prince sent messengers to meet him, which was slightly delayed. Qin Shihuang listened to Zhu's slanderous remarks again, and ordered all the governors to be arrested and put in the prison where Qin Jun prisoners were held. Huang Huai, Yang Pu and Jin Wen were all found guilty and imprisoned for ten years. Injong acceded to the throne and Dong Jin was reinstated. Soon, he was promoted to be the general political adviser and a university student in Wuyingdian, and he was in charge of imperial edicts together with Yang Rong, Jin Youzi and Yang Shiqi. After her mother's funeral, she asked to complete the mourning period and was not allowed. In the second year, I was promoted to Shaobao and Shangshu, and I was still a college student. Renzong collapsed, and the prince was in Nanjing. Hanwang rebellion has a long history, and it is suspicious and fearful inside and outside the court. Huanghuai was so anxious that he vomited blood In the first year of Xuande, the emperor personally conquered Le 'an and ordered Huanghuai to stay. The next year, he asked for retirement due to illness, and the emperor approved his request. Father is 90 years old, and Huang Huai is very diligent in serving his father. After Huang's death, the emperor gave a burial sacrifice, and Huanghuai went to court to thank him. On the Lantern Festival, the emperor let him visit Xiyuan and ordered him to climb the Long Live Mountain in a sedan chair. He was ordered to preside over the exam. When he returned to China, the emperor held a farewell party for him in Taiye Pool. The emperor gave him a long poem and said, "I'll come back on my birthday." The following year, I went to Beijing to celebrate. Yingzong ascended the throne and entered the DPRK again. He died in June in the fourteenth year of orthodoxy. Eighty-three-year-old Mi Wen Jian. Huang Huai's personality is smart and courageous, and he knows the essentials of governing the country. During Yongle period, Changsha demon Li Faliang rebelled. As an agent of state affairs, Injong ordered Hou Libin of Fengcheng to crusade against Li Faliang. Hanwang was jealous of the Prince's meritorious service and lied that Bing Lin could not be appointed. Huang Huai said, "Bing Lin, a veteran, will surely wipe out the bandits. I hope to send him right away. " Bing Lin finally occupied Li Faliang. Moreover, there was another person who denounced the gang rebellion. Huang Huai said to the emperor, "Hongwu banned it at the end of the year and should not accept it again." When the "Jingnan" army revolted, those officials in the north did not immediately submit to the southerners, and they were sent to the frontier to defend their country. Huang Huai said: "If you do this, I'm afraid it will make people look not broad-minded." The emperor followed his advice. Arutai surrendered to the imperial court and requested to rule the ministries of Tubo. Please ask the court to carve the oath on gold, grind it into gold powder and put it in wine, and ask the chief to take the oath by drinking. The ministers discussed it and prepared to promise him. Huang Huai said: "It is easy to control their scattered forces, but it is difficult to seek reunification." The emperor looked back at the people around him and said, "Huang Huai talks about things, such as standing on a high mountain, and you can't see anything far away." King Dabao, a monk from the Western Regions, came to the emperor. The emperor intends to carve the imperial seal for him and show it to Huang Huai. Huang Huai said, "The imperial court has given me two seals, namely' Imperial Decree' and' Guangyun'. This jade is bigger than those two seals. This is not the way to show people far away and respect the court. " The emperor approved and adopted it. Most of his suggestions and exhortations are like this. However, tolerance is very narrow. If a colleague has a small mistake, report it to the emperor immediately. Some people say that being demoted is the credit of Huang and Huai. Being alienated by Xuanzong, Yang Rong said that Huanghuai had consumption, which would infect people and so on.
6.( 1) Reading in Classical Chinese (19) Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions. 10.b The word "Yan" is a direct speech, so it is incoherent.
1 1.c (imperial academy is also an administrative institution of education) 12. C 13。 (1) The military commanders waited for several years to fill the vacancy. Now, the freeloaders have not been replaced, but have been promoted to senior officials for no reason. What can we use to encourage everyone to contribute? (analysis: translation gives 2 points; The key words "Shouque", "Yi Yi" and "Persuasion" are three, and each translation is given 1 point. (2) Liu Kun played an important role. I heard that his disease is serious. If he killed Quan Wang and Liu Yi, Liu Kun would die of guilt and resentment. The country has lost the battle, and all three will die. Isn't this the pleasure of the enemy? (analysis: translation gives 2 points; There are three keywords: "almost", "Zhu" and "nothing", and each keyword is translated to 1 point. )
Huang Zushun, a classical Chinese translator, was born in Fuqing, Fuzhou. After being admitted to Jinshi, he was promoted to military and political supervisor many times.
When he entered the DPRK, he suggested: "The appointment and removal of the county magistrate entrusted the civil service selection department, only on seniority. Why not entrust it to the county magistrate and let those who are particularly bad be eliminated. " The emperor thought what he said was right.
Huang Zushun worked as a foreign minister of Shang Shu's reclamation and defense, and later as a foreign minister of the official department, leaving Beijing for Quanzhou to be a general judge. When I was about to travel, I suggested: "Those scholars who abide by morality and stress benevolence and righteousness will never be officials unless they respond to the imperial edict and get a salary."
Requirements beyond the imperial examination, such as those who are knowledgeable, cheerful, filial to their parents and pure and perfect in loving their brothers, are recommended by counties to counties, and invited to schools by counties to set an example for many scholars; Among them, the names of people with outstanding conduct were reported to the emperor by the counties, which also means that they were selected by the village. "The emperor sent his letters to does, let him in the court as a warehouse card shark, and later promoted to the right card shark, acting as assistant minister of punishments, making detailed decrees and serving as a waiter.
Huang Zushun presented the Analects of Confucius Lecture Notes to the court, and the emperor ordered Jin 'an to collate the book in a clear and concise way, so the emperor asked imperial academy to print it. Huang Zushun recommended Li Bao, saying that he was smart and brave. The emperor appointed Li Bao as harness.
Huang Zushun is also the agent of this matter. Zhang Jun died of illness, and his family invited more than 50 envoys to take care of the family property. Huang Zushun said: "The military commander served as an air officer for several years, and now no one has taken over, and he was promoted to a senior official for no reason. What is used to encourage everyone to contribute? " Request to restrict the Zhang family.
The emperor then ordered the soldiers of the hero's family to keep one fifth. The Ministry of Housing invited the eliminated envoys to receive official land. Zushun said: "There are more than 1,600 envoys who have been eliminated, and the official land in Lin 'an is only 1,100 mu. Calculate their demands and give them formal land. No more than a few dozen people can get the land. "
This matter has not been implemented. Ryo Kunihiko's adopted sons Bao Yilang, Liang Shunbi and Liang Hanbi were all appointed as cabinet ministers. Huang Zushun said, "Cabinet officials cannot be moved because of their kindness."
Chizhou magistrate Liu was promoted to Youwen Temple, and Xinzhou magistrate was promoted to Secret Pavilion. Zu Yanshun said: "The official position compiled was originally prepared for literary scholars and could not be obtained by the emperor's luck." Yang Yuanjia, a bachelor of the old minister's hall, asked for a teacher. Huang Zushun said, "Yang is willing to help secretly and slander good people."
Finally, these decrees were not published. After Qin Gui's death, he was posthumously awarded as a teacher. Huang Zushun said: "Qin Gui participated in the conspiracy plan of his father Qin Gui, and it is not appropriate to posthumously award him the position of emperor's teacher."
The court recaptured the posthumous child. Huang Zushun was promoted to the Privy Council, and the gold Lord Yan Hongliang invaded Huaishui. Liu Bi was defeated and the kingship fled. The emperor wanted to punish the kingship as a warning to others. Huang Zushun said: "The crime of kingship should be ten thousand deaths, and Liu Bi is unforgivable.
Liu Kun played an important role. I heard that he was seriously ill. If he kills Quan Wang and Liu Bi, Liu Kun will die of guilt and resentment. The country has lost the battle, and all three will die. Isn't this to make the enemy happy? "The emperor approved and adopted his opinion. Huang Zushun died in his official position, and posthumous title was Zhuang.