About the author: Zhang Yanqing, director, researcher and mineral reserve appraiser of the Oil and Gas Strategy Research Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources.
order
In order to further standardize the management of mineral resources reserves, provide unified basic data for national economic construction, and facilitate the correct use of geological exploration results and mineral resources reserves information by all sectors of society, the Ministry of Land and Resources has requested that all kinds of resource evaluation reports, geological exploration reports, mine production exploration reports, resource reserves verification reports, reserves dynamic detection reports, pit closure (stop mining) geological reports, feasibility evaluation reports, and so on be compiled and filled in from May, 2007. , must meet the requirements of the new standards and specifications and the documentNo. [2007]68 of the Ministry of Land and Resources.
1 working basis and basic requirements for review and filing of mineral resources reserve report
1. 1 basis for evaluation and filing of mineral resources reserve report
(1) "The mineral reserves examination and approval authority of the State Council or the mineral reserves examination and approval authority of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) is responsible for examining and approving the exploration report of mine construction and design, and giving a reply to the submitting unit within the prescribed time limit. Without approval, the exploration report shall not be used as the basis for mine construction and design. " (Article 13 of the Mineral Resources Law of People's Republic of China (PRC))
(2) The Notice on Printing and Distributing the Measures for Evaluating and Filing Mineral Resources Reserves (Guo Tu Zi Fa [1999] No.205) stipulates that the mineral reserves in the following six situations must be evaluated and filed: ① the mineral resources reserves based on the application for mining rights or the water intake permit for mine construction design; (two) the mineral resources reserves that should be verified by the prospecting and mining rights holders when transferring the prospecting and mining rights; (3) Mineral resources reserves formed through financing methods such as public offering of shares for mineral resources exploration and development projects; (4) Unexploited and cancelled reserves of mineral resources submitted when the mine is closed or closed; (5) major changes have taken place in the reserves of mineral resources in the mining area, and it is necessary to re-evaluate and record the reserves of mineral resources; ⑥ The reserves of mineral resources in other circumstances that the Ministry of Land and Resources thinks should be examined and filed.
1.2 Division of authority for approval and filing of mineral resources reserve report
1.2. 1 Guo Tu zifa [1999] No.205 regulation.
DocumentNo. Ministry of Land and Resources [1999] No.205 stipulates that the Ministry of Land and Resources is responsible for reviewing and filing:
(1) Mineral resources reserves of petroleum, natural gas, coalbed methane and radioactive minerals;
(two) mineral resources reserves of mineral resources exploration and development projects;
(3) Reserves of mineral resources explored and mined by foreign investors;
(4) Mineral resources reserves in China's territorial waters and other sea areas under its jurisdiction;
(5) Mineral resources reserves across provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government);
(6) The reserves of mineral resources other than the first five items are large or above.
1.2.2 Provisions on Land and Resources Development [2006] 166
DocumentNo.: Guo Tu Zi Fa [2006] 166, which shall be reviewed and filed by the Ministry of Land and Resources;
(1) The Ministry of Land and Resources is responsible for issuing exploration licenses and mining licenses;
(2) Mineral resources reserves involved in listing financing of mining enterprises.
1.2.3 DocumentNo. Provisions of the Ministry of Land and Resources, Land and Resources [2005] No.200
What needs to be added is that "in order to further standardize the management of registration, examination and approval of exploration and mining rights, and transfer them in strict accordance with the planning and statutory authority", on September 30, 2005, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the document [2005] No.200, which made the following provisions on registration and approval of exploration and mining rights.
1.2.3. 1 exploration registration
The exploration and registration work carried out by the Ministry of Land and Resources mainly includes:
(1) Mineral resources reserves of petroleum, natural gas, coal-formed gas and radioactive minerals;
(two) coal exploration projects with an exploration area of 30 square kilometers or more;
(3) The investment in exploration of tungsten, tin, antimony and rare earth minerals is more than 5 million yuan (inclusive), or the exploration area is more than 15km2 (inclusive);
(4) The investment in exploration of precious metals, nonferrous metals, ferrous metals and major nonmetals is more than 5 million yuan (inclusive);
(5) Mineral exploration in sea areas (including inland waters) and across provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government).
1.2.3.2 mining registration
The mining registration of the Ministry of Land and Resources mainly includes:
(1) Mineral resources reserves of petroleum, natural gas, coal-formed gas and radioactive minerals;
(2) The reserves of coal [more than 654.38 billion tons in coal mine fields (including 50 million tons in coking coal mine fields) are large, and the reserves of oil shale are large (including);
(3) The reserves of tungsten, tin, antimony and rare earth deposits are medium or above;
(4) The reserves of precious metals, nonferrous metals, ferrous metals and major nonmetallic deposits are large (inclusive) or above;
(5) Exploitation of mineral resources in sea areas (including internal waters) and across provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
Due to the new regulations on registration and approval of exploration and mining rights, the authority of mineral reserves evaluation and filing has also changed accordingly, and mining rights owners and evaluation institutions should pay attention to it in their work.
1.3 basic requirements for evaluation and filing of mineral resources reserves report
1.3. 1 Basic requirements for mineral resources reserve evaluation and filing departments
(1) The Ministry of Land and Resources is responsible for the management of mineral resources reserve evaluation institutions and experts.
(two) the obligation to keep and keep confidential the mineral resources reserve report and other relevant information, and shall not borrow, copy or use it for other purposes such as paid consultation and benefit transmission without authorization.
(3) Go through the filing procedures of mineral resources reserves evaluation according to the following materials-compliance and quality review: ① The institutions undertaking the evaluation work have corresponding qualifications; (2) The examination procedures are in compliance with the provisions of these Measures; (3) The evaluation experts engaged in the evaluation work have corresponding qualifications, and the number of evaluation experts meets the requirements, depending on the scale of the deposit and the combination of exploration methods (1 ~ 2, 3 ~ 5, 5 ~ 7); (4) Implement the review of national technical standards.
1.3.2 basic requirements of mineral resources reserve evaluation institutions
(1) The reserves of mineral resources are evaluated by an evaluation institution with independent legal personality. Among them, the mineral resources reserves of oil, natural gas, coalbed methane and radioactive minerals are evaluated by professional evaluation institutions with independent legal personality.
(two) the obligation to keep and keep confidential the mineral resources reserve report and other relevant information, and shall not borrow, copy or use it for other purposes such as paid consultation and benefit transmission without authorization.
(3) Mineral resources reserve evaluation institutions have the obligation to evaluate; Organize review experts and review meetings; Organize field investigation when necessary; Put forward examination opinions; Complete the review within 60 days from the date of acceptance.
(4) Submit the following documents to the mineral resources reserve report filing department for filing: ① The revised mineral resources reserve report; (2) mineral resources reserve assessment declaration form (seal and signature); (three) the written commitment (seal and signature) of the prospecting and mining rights holders to the authenticity of the submitted materials; ④ Superimposed map of reserve estimation range (sealed) (the contents of the map mainly include: map name, four-corner coordinates, inflection point number and inflection point coordinates of allowable range, inflection point number and inflection point coordinates of reserve estimation range and legend); (five) a copy of the exploration license (mining license) or a copy of the approval document for delineating the mining area; ⑥ A copy of the exploration qualification certificate of the reporting unit of mineral resources reserves; ⑦ A copy of the exploration report and relevant approval documents on which the previously approved mineral resources reserves are based (the report will be returned after the trial, and the approval documents will be attached if any); (8) Project (pre-) feasibility study report or preliminary design and relevant approval documents (for the record) (returned after preliminary examination, if not mentioned); Pet-name ruby resource reserves change comparison table and approval documents; Appraisal opinions on mineral resources reserves sealed by the appraisal institution; Attending the review opinions signed by experts; Letter of filing application for mineral resources reserve assessment; Other materials involved in the review process.
1.3.3 Basic requirements for mining rights holders
(1) mineral resources reserve report (7, 5 and 3 written reports with attached drawings, schedules and attachments according to the reserve scale, of which at least 2 are estimated reserves and the rest are 1);
(2) mineral resources reserve assessment declaration form (sealed and signed in duplicate);
(three) the written commitment of the prospecting or mining right holder to the authenticity of the submitted materials (sealed, in duplicate);
(4) Superimposed map of reserve estimation range (sealed in duplicate) (the main contents of the map include: map name, four-corner coordinates, inflection point number and inflection point coordinates of allowable range, inflection point number and inflection point coordinates of reserve estimation range and legend);
(five) a copy of the exploration license (a copy of the mining license) or a copy of the approval letter for delimiting the mining area (in duplicate);
(6) A copy of the exploration qualification certificate of the unit compiling the mineral resources reserve report (in duplicate);
(7) A copy of the exploration report and relevant approval documents on which the previously approved mineral resources reserves are based (the report is returned after the preliminary examination, and if there is no omission, the approval documents are attached);
(8) Project (pre-) feasibility study report or preliminary design and relevant approval documents (for the record) (returned after preliminary examination, if not mentioned);
(9) Comparison table of resource reserve changes (which can be inserted into the report);
(10) Other materials related to the appraisal work that the appraisal institution thinks should be submitted.
1.4 mineral resources reserve evaluation procedure
At present, the evaluation procedure of mineral resources reserves is divided into three stages (figure 1).
1.4. 1 preparatory stage of the review conference
The meeting at this stage is presided over by the reserve evaluation institution, and the main contents are as follows:
(1) Introduce the participants and clarify the meeting compliance;
(2) Introduce the preparation of the review meeting, such as data submission and special topic disclosure;
(three) to announce the list of members of the expert group and designate the leader of the expert group;
(four) announced the responsibilities of the evaluation personnel.
1.4.2 expert group review procedure (presided over by the review expert group leader)
(1) Report writing by the report writing unit;
(2) the questioned experts;
(3) experts express their personal opinions;
(4) The expert group discusses and forms the first draft of the review opinions (the report is sent to the review unit, and the writing unit avoids it);
(5) Exchange opinions with the reporting unit and the declared unit;
(6) Read the comments.
1.4.3 meeting minutes procedure (presided over by the person in charge of the authorized institution)
(1) The representative of the report writing unit made a speech;
(2) the report is sent to the representative of the evaluated unit to speak;
(3) Statements by representatives of authorized institutions.
Figure 1 Resource Reserve Report Review Flowchart
2. Some new contents of mineral resources reserves evaluation.
2. 1 Guo Tu zifa [2003]No. 136
DocumentNo. [2003]136 (May 6, 2003) stipulates that "from the date of issuance of this notice, the administrative department of land and resources will no longer carry out assessment and confirmation of mineral resources reserves and establish a filing management system." The main reform contents are as follows:
(1) Add an audit collation form and send it to the administrative department of land and resources on time;
(2) The declaration form of mineral resources reserves evaluation has been added;
(3) The format and contents of the record certificate for mineral resources reserves assessment are specified;
(4) No longer stipulate the filing time of the administrative department of land and resources;
(five) to announce to the public the relevant information on the evaluation and filing of mineral resources reserves.
2.2 Supplementary requirements for mineral reserves review and filing work
(1) The purpose of audit and filing should be clearly defined in the audit opinion, that is, the transfer of mining rights and listing financing registration should be carried out according to identifying resources, applying for mining rights and occupying resources.
(2) To apply for the mining right, the documents of the administrative department of land and resources delineating the mining area shall be provided.
(3) For the purpose of listing, it is necessary to provide the documents that the mining right owner decides to go public and the documents that the competent department agrees to go public.
(4) From May 2007 1, the national standards and exploration specifications of the Classification of Solid Mineral Resources/Reserves were fully implemented, and it was emphasized that: ① Who proposed the pre-mining area, how appropriate the resource reserves are, and what are the main categories. ② There can be no predicted resources in the resource reserves above the level of detailed investigation. ③ For layered deposits with large distribution area, 2 ~ 3 times of engineering line distance can be used to estimate 333 to distinguish 334 in the prospecting stage. (4) Defining the inherent economic resources: geological exploration has been completed and only a brief study has been made; ? The basic reserves are estimated by general industrial indicators; ? Because of thin coal seam, small ore body, difficult mining or high mining cost, feasibility study, technical and economic analysis or design have not been carried out; ? The remaining mineral resources after the mine is closed; ? The superposition can't be used, and the economic significance is unknown; ? Low-grade ore (the expression of off-balance-sheet quantity in the old standard is opposite to that in No.68 document); ? Columns that may be recovered later; ? The types of resource reserves should not exceed the exploration stage and degree.
(5) Define the requirements for applying for mining rights and expanding the degree of exploration.
(6) Measures to cope with the overwhelming reserves of mineral resources.
(7) A 400-word summary is attached at the beginning of the text of the report.
(8) Do a good job in training and implementing new standards and norms.
2.3 "Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of Code for Geological Exploration of Coal and Peat"
The Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Code for Geological Exploration of Coal and Peat is a supplement to the Code for Geological Exploration of Coal and Peat, and its main contents are as follows:
(1) It is clear that the mandatory provisions in the specification are hydrogeology, engineering geology, coal seam gas, coal dust explosion danger, coal seam spontaneous combustion and ground temperature change, and the workload specified in the specification is the minimum workload that may find out the above geological conditions.
(2) The design requirements of the mining right holder should not be lower than the specifications.
(3) The exploration stage focuses on the initial mining area (or level) and the initial mining area, but at the same time, we must pay attention to the working degree of the whole mine field. The initial mining area (or a level) and the initial mining area shall be determined by the unit with the design qualification of coal mine (or open pit mine).
(4) The degree of expansion (deep exploration) should be considered according to the relative relationship between mine production, development level and expansion area. If the expansion area is directly taken as the development level, its nature is roughly equivalent to the first-class exploration; If it is not regarded as the development level in the near future, but in order to have enough resource reserves after the mine production capacity is improved, its nature is roughly equivalent to secondary and tertiary exploration, and it is basically based on estimating and inferring the amount of resources.
(5) In the provinces rich in coal resources, the relative coal-poor areas and coal-deficient areas can formulate resource reserve estimation indicators (such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, southern Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, etc.). ).
2.4 The main contents of the Provisions on the Compilation of the Verification Report of the Reserves of Solid Mineral Resources
(1) The exploration degree of the verification report should meet the requirements of the verification purpose, otherwise the exploration project should be supplemented;
(two) for the purpose of paying the price to the state, to verify the resource reserves, and to estimate the resource reserves according to the general industrial indicators;
(3) To mine a mining area, it is necessary to measure the mining scope, thickness and grade to estimate the reserves of consumed resources;
(4) according to the actual exploration and development situation, determine the feasibility evaluation and geological reliability, and make it clear in the evaluation conclusion;
(5) There should be clear evaluation opinions on the exploration degree of mandatory clauses, such as hydrogeology, engineering geology, coal seam gas, coal dust explosion risk, coal seam spontaneous combustion, ground temperature change, etc., because there may be "historical debts".
2.5 CBM exploration requirements
There are two specifications and one document about the requirements of coalbed methane exploration, namely, Code for Geological Exploration of Coal and Peat, Code for Calculation of Coalbed Methane Reserves and Notice on Strengthening the Management of Comprehensive Exploration and Development of Coal and Coalbed Methane Resources (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2007] No.96). See table 1 for the technical features of the three documents:
(1) The exploration project mainly focuses on major minerals. For example, if the mining right certificate is coal, the coal exploration project should be deployed in accordance with the requirements of the Code for Geological Exploration of Coal and Peat, taking into account coalbed methane;
(2) Whether the mining right certificate is coal or coalbed methane, sampling and testing of gas (coalbed methane) projects must be carried out, which is a basic requirement and must be designed and constructed;
Table 1 Technical Requirements for CBM Exploration
(3) The special test of reservoir pressure, daily gas production and water production is the premise, which mainly depends on the exploration purpose and geological conditions.
(4) The prospecting stage is an important turning point in coalbed methane exploration. The content is to understand the basic characteristics of coalbed methane occurrence, and the purpose is whether to conduct coalbed methane exploration in the next exploration stage and decide whether the exploration area is dominated by coal or coalbed methane.
3. Several problems in the review opinions of mineral resources reserves report
(1) The boundary of resource reserve estimation is not clear;
(2) Don't comment on the reasons for the change of resource reserves and whether the treatment meets the specification requirements, especially whether the industrial indexes of the deposit are consistent before and after;
(3) There is no comment on the exploration degree in the evaluation conclusion;
(4) change the industrial indicators of deposits, regardless of the supporting documents; The verification report changed the industrial index of the deposit, but the economic feasibility evaluation used the original production mine data.