In contemporary society, knowledge and creativity or human capital or talents are replacing traditional natural resources and tangible labor and becoming the main source of wealth creation and economic growth. In the era of creative economy, the competitive advantage of a city comes from being able to quickly mobilize these human resources and turn ideas into new commodities.
Therefore, the advantage of a city lies in its ability to attract talents. Great changes have taken place in the social stratum structure in the United States. Outside of workingclass and serviceclass, a new class is quietly emerging, that is, creative class or creative class. Class).
People belonging to the creative class are engaged in various industries, but one thing in common is that they often have innovative ideas, invent new technologies and engage in "creative" work. The emergence of creative class has a far-reaching impact on the future of cities and communities. Generally speaking, among the working class and the service class, most people work according to the work plan without thinking.
The creative class is more independent and flexible, giving full play to individual creativity in the work and making various new attempts. Richard Florida divides the creative class into two parts: "core personnel with special creativity" and "creative professionals".
The former includes scientists, university professors, poets, novelists, artists, actors, designers, architects, editors, cultural figures, consulting company researchers and other people from all walks of life who have influence on public opinion. The latter includes professionals in knowledge-intensive industries such as high technology, finance and law.
2. Technology and creative industries
Here, science and technology can be defined as the concentrated expression of a city's innovation and high technology. Creative industries have different definitions in different countries or organizations.
For example, UNESCO defines creative industries as combining creative production with commercialization, and using intangible cultural connotations that are basically protected by copyright in the form of material goods or intangible services. One of the similarities of these definitions is that they belong to the intellectual industry.
Creative industries include science, engineering, design, art, management, accounting, medical care, law and so on. The index for evaluating creative industries is R&; D indicators and patent indicators. Creative industries such as high-tech, research, art, culture, entertainment, computers, software, small new enterprises, science, medical care, sports, etc. are very attractive to smart young people.
Urban theory, which focuses on the mechanism of urban rise and fall, holds that a place is attractive, which is often manifested in the start of new industries and the increase of employment opportunities, bringing new families and tourists, as well as the increase of new enterprises and investments. The increase of population and the entry of enterprises promote the demand for real estate and the level of infrastructure, and at the same time, its price will increase accordingly, thus promoting local employment and economic development.
The creative era reflects the development trend of creative industries. The development of a city should adapt to this trend, seize the opportunity, provide creative industry development space for the creative class, attract the creative class, and thus promote the economic prosperity and growth of a region and city.
3. Tolerance and public communities
Tolerance can be defined as openness, tolerance and pluralism. Inclusiveness plays a key role in attracting creative talents, supporting the development of high-tech industries and urban economic growth. Urban economists have always believed that diversity is very important to the development of urban economy. In other words, diversity can improve a city's ability to attract creative talents.
An open and low-threshold city has distinct advantages in attracting creative talents and human capital, which can generate and attract high-tech industries and realize urban economic prosperity. Tolerance and diversity are conducive to the concentration and development of high technology. Talented people like to go to places that are open and inclusive and can provide quality of life.
The more diverse and multicultural a place is, the more attractive it is to them. Places that can attract these creative people can attract companies and generate more innovations, thus realizing a virtuous circle of local economy.
Extended data:
Urban development measures:
1. To take the road of new urbanization with China characteristics and realize the purpose of benefiting the people and enriching the peasants, we must speed up the process of peasants' citizenization and reform and development.
2. It is necessary to eliminate discrimination against farmers' employment in cities, guide the agricultural transfer population to continuously improve their employment competitiveness, rely on industrial development and labor force to get rich, and gradually integrate into various cities and small cities.
3. It is necessary to relax the paid transfer of farmers' contracted land use rights, requisition rural land in accordance with market rules and give reasonable compensation to landless farmers to meet the reasonable financing needs of urban and rural residents for starting businesses.
4. It is necessary to gradually bring the rural floating population into the social security system, realize the transfer of social insurance relations in different overall planning areas and the connection and transformation between different systems, improve the overall planning level, and gradually realize the full coverage of social security.
5. After the agricultural transfer population settles in the city, it is necessary to gradually realize the treatment of urban residents in terms of children's education, medical and health care, employment services, labor remuneration, housing rent and purchase, and promote the equalization of basic public services and social welfare.
6. Increase investment in infrastructure such as urban roads, water conservancy, energy and communication, and accelerate investment in public utilities such as education, health and culture.
7. It is necessary to formulate a scientific urban system and development plan to realize rural urbanization, so that rural population and non-agricultural industries will be continuously concentrated from rural areas to cities, so that population, non-agricultural industries, capital and markets will be concentrated from scattered rural areas to cities, and rural industrialization, migrant workers and citizenization will be intertwined and developed simultaneously.
Promote the continuous increase in the number and scale of cities, thus promoting the transformation of economic structure and social structure.
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