(1) heart: located in the chest and protected by pericardium. The main physiological function of the heart is: 1 main blood vessel: it means that the heart qi pushes the blood to run in miscellaneous veins and flow all over the body, giving play to the role of nutrition and moistening. 2. Holding the spirit: The mind has the function of controlling the physiological activities of various organs of the human body and the mental consciousness and thinking activities of the human body. 3 main sweat: refers to the close relationship between heart and sweat. Its beauty lies in the face: it refers to whether the function of the heart is normal, which can often be reflected from the color of the complexion. 5 Enlightening the tongue: refers to the tongue outside the heart, also known as "the tongue is the heart seedling". Physiological connection of the heart: (1) Heart is happy with ambition: ambition refers to emotion. Happiness is a benign reaction to external stimuli, which is beneficial to people's physical and mental health. When the heart is full of qi and blood, the mood is cheerful, the spirit is harmonious, the ambition is high, and the business is healthy. When you are overjoyed, your mood will be distracted, your mind will be uneasy, and even your internal organs will be implicated. (2) in the body, the pulse is combined, and its light is collected on the face: pulse, pulse. The integration of heart and pulse in the body means that all veins in the body belong to the heart. China means brilliant and brilliant. Its beauty lies in the face, which means that the color change of the face can reflect the rise and fall of qi and blood in the heart. This is because the facial blood vessels are rich, and it is easier to observe and understand the function of the heart in clinic. Strong heart and blood, rosy and shiny face. If the heart and blood are insufficient, the face will be pale and unpretentious; If the heart and blood stagnate, the face is dull or blue. (3) Kaiqiao Tongue: Kaiqiao refers to the specific connection between the internal organs and external organs. The heart opens on the tongue, which means that the different collaterals of the heart are tied to the tongue, and the qi and blood of the heart are injected into the tongue, so the tongue can normally play its function of controlling taste and language expression, so the tongue is an exogenous symptom of the heart. The physiological function of tongue depends on the function of heart governing blood vessels and mind governing mind. If the heart function is normal, the tongue is ruddy, the taste is sensitive and the language is fluent. If the heart is diseased, it can be reflected from the tongue. Lack of blood, weak tongue. When the heart is inflamed, the tip of the tongue is red or the tongue is eroded and sore; Blood stasis leads to purple and dark tongue or ecchymosis. (4) Sweat is the heart fluid: Sweat is the fluid distilled from Yang Qi's body fluid and discharged from sweat pores. Body fluid is the main component of blood, and sweat is transformed from body fluid. Body fluid and blood are homologous, and blood belongs to the heart. Therefore, it is called "sweat is the fluid of the heart". Hyperhidrosis not only consumes body fluid, but also often damages the mind and qi and blood, leading to palpitation, shortness of breath, pallor, mental fatigue, and even cold limbs and loss of yang. (2) Lung: located in the chest, one on the left and one on the right, the highest position in the human viscera, so it is called Huagai. The main physiological functions of the lung are: 1, main qi, main breathing: it means that the lung is a place for gas exchange inside and outside the human body. 2. Main declaration: main declaration refers to the upward declaration of lung qi and its distribution to the periphery; Health refers to the downward movement of lung qi, which is the function of descending and keeping the respiratory tract clean. 3 main water channel: refers to the lung, which plays the role of dredging and coordinating the distribution and excretion of water and liquid in the body. 4. Its flower lies in fur: it refers to the physiological functions of the lungs, such as dispersing water and grains, promoting qi and protecting fur. 5 begin to understand the nose: because the nose is the channel for breathing. (3) Spleen: located in the middle jiao and under the diaphragm. The main physiological function of the spleen is: 1, that is, the spleen has the physiological function of transforming Shui Gu into subtle substances and absorbing and transporting them to the whole body. 2. Controlling blood: refers to the spleen controlling the blood to run in the pulse, so that it will not escape from the pulse. 3. Uprighting: refers to the rising of temper, which transforms the subtle Shui Gu of the heart, lungs, head and heart and lungs into qi and blood. Nourish the whole body. Main muscles and limbs: The nutrients needed by human muscles and limbs are supplied by the subtle spleen Shui Gu. 5. Opening the mouth, its cleverness lies in the lips: it means that appetite and taste are related to the transport function of the spleen. (4) Liver: located in the abdominal cavity, under the diaphragm and in the right rib. The main physiological function of the liver is 1, which is responsible for dispersing qi. It shows that the liver has the function of keeping the whole body qi unobstructed and dispersing without depression. Main storage of blood: refers to the function of the liver to store blood, regulate blood volume and prevent bleeding. 3 main reinforcement, its glory lies in claws: refers to the sufficiency of qi and blood, which is characterized by flexible hands and feet; Claw nails are tough, bright and ruddy. 4. enlighten your eyes. (5) Kidney: located at the waist, one on the left and one on the right. The main physiological function of the kidney is: 1 storing essence: it refers to replenishing essence to the kidney, promoting continuous filling, preventing the loss of essence for no reason, and creating conditions for the full physiological function of essence in the body. 2. Main water-liquid metabolism: refers to the function of kidney to preside over and regulate human water-liquid metabolism. 3. Main qi absorption: refers to the function of the kidney to help the lungs keep the inhalation depth and prevent shallow breathing. The main bone, marrow and brain are flourishing. Inspired by the relationship between the five organs of the ear and the five elements, the four pillars and five elements correspond to the viscera and parts that need to be supplemented in Dai Ke.
Wood: Liver and gallbladder are internal and external organs, belonging to bones and limbs. Excessive prosperity or aging is more suitable for diseases such as liver and gallbladder, head and neck, limbs, joints, tendons, eyes and nerves.
Fire: the heart and small intestine are internal and external organs, belonging to blood vessels and the whole circulatory system. If it is too strong or too weak, it is more likely to suffer from diseases of small intestine, heart, shoulders, blood, menstrual blood, face, teeth, abdomen and tongue.
Earth: Spleen and stomach are internal and external organs, belonging to the intestine and the whole digestive system. Excessive prosperity or aging is more suitable for diseases such as spleen, stomach, ribs, back, chest, lung and abdomen.
Jin: Lung and large intestine are viscera, belonging to trachea and the whole respiratory system. Excessive prosperity or aging is more suitable for diseases such as large intestine, lung, umbilicus, expectoration, liver, skin, hemorrhoids, nose and trachea.
Water: The kidney and bladder are internal and external organs, belonging to the brain and urinary system. Excessive or aging is more suitable for diseases such as kidney, bladder, tibia, foot, head, liver, urine, vulva, waist, ear, uterus and hernia.
The six organs of human body, including internal bladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, triple energizer and bladder, are collectively referred to as. Fu organs, called fu in ancient times, have the meaning of bitter fu. The main physiological functions of the six fu-organs are to receive and decompose Shui Gu, secrete turbid qi, transmit essence, and expel the dregs from the body without leaving them. Therefore, the six internal organs should be harmonious and unobstructed. The physiological functions of the six fu-organs are as follows: food enters the stomach, decays through the stomach, goes down to the small intestine, is further digested, secretes turbid substances, absorbs subtle substances, the large intestine receives food residues in the small intestine, absorbs water, and the rest residues are discharged from the body through drying and conduction, becoming feces. In the process of digestion and absorption of food and drink, gallbladder excretes bile into small intestine to help digestion. The triple energizer is not only a conduction channel, but more importantly, it controls qi and promotes normal conduction function. The six fu organs cooperate closely in physiological functions to complete the digestion, absorption, transportation and excretion of food and drink. They interact in pathological changes. If one viscera is ill, it can affect other viscera and cause disease. If there is excess heat in the stomach, excluding body fluid can make the stool dry and the large intestine conduction is unfavorable. Poor conduction in the large intestine will affect the acceptance of the stomach, resulting in poor intake and abdominal distension. The functions of six fu organs are the same as those of cashier, transportation and communication in Shui Gu. Lingshu Ben Cang: "Those who have six internal organs, so they go to Shui Gu to practice body fluids." Su Wen's theory of five zang-organs: "Those who have six fu-organs, preach things without hiding them, can't be full."
gall bladder
The gallbladder is attached to the short lobe of the liver and connected with the liver. It is a hollow cystic organ. Gallbladder is not only one of the six fu organs, but also one of the strange and constant houses. Its main function is: 1. Storage and excretion of bile, bitter yellow-green, has the effect of promoting food digestion and absorption. Bile is transformed from the essence of the liver and stored in bile, so it is called "the house of essence" and "the house of purity". Bile excretion must depend on the regulation of the antidiarrheal function of the liver. When the excretory function of the liver is normal, bile is excreted smoothly, and the function of spleen and stomach transport and transformation is vigorous. If the liver qi stagnates and bile excretion is unfavorable, it will affect the digestive function of the spleen and stomach, which is manifested as fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, loss of appetite, or defecation disorder; If the liver excretes too much and bile goes up, you will see bitter taste in your mouth and yellow-green bitter water when vomiting; If damp heat accumulates in the liver and gallbladder, bile will overflow the skin without following the normal course, and jaundice will occur; Poor bile excretion will lead to siltation for a long time. 2. The main decision belongs to the category of thinking. Courage dominates decision-making, which means courage has the function of judging things and making decisions. This function of gallbladder plays an important role in preventing and eliminating the adverse effects of some mental stimuli, maintaining and controlling the normal operation of qi and blood, and ensuring the harmony between zang-fu organs. Because the liver and gallbladder are closely attached, both exterior and interior are combined, the liver controls planning and the gallbladder controls decision-making, so the coordination of liver and gallbladder regulates the normal progress of spiritual thinking activities. Clinically, people who lack courage are more likely to be frightened and indecisive.
stomach
The stomach is located under the diaphragm, connected with esophagus and small intestine. The upper mouth of the stomach is cardia, and the lower mouth is pylorus. The stomach is divided into upper, middle and lower parts, namely upper abdomen, middle abdomen and lower abdomen, so the stomach is also called upper abdomen. The main functions of the stomach are as follows: 1. Receiving, receiving and containing decomposed water particles; Maturity is the process in which the stomach initially digests food and drink into chyme. Shui Gu, the stomach is responsible for receiving and decomposing, which means that the stomach can contain food passed down from the esophagus, digest food initially and transmit it to the small intestine, so the stomach is called "the sea of water valleys" and "Taicang". The absorption and decomposition of the stomach provide the material basis for the transport and transformation function of the spleen. Therefore, the spleen and stomach are often called "the acquired foundation and the source of qi and blood biochemistry", and their functions are summarized as "stomach qi". The source of human acquired nutrition is closely related to the strength of "stomach qi", which is often used as an important basis for judging the severity and prognosis of diseases in clinic, and the treatment pays attention to "protecting stomach qi". If the function of the stomach is abnormal, it will lead to epigastric pain, anorexia, belching, acid rot, indigestion, hunger and so on. Severe stomach gas injury, difficult diet and poor prognosis. Even if the stomach is exhausted, life will die. Therefore, there is a saying that "those who have stomach qi live and those who have no stomach qi die". 2. Explain that the descending of stomach qi is smooth. Food and drink enter the stomach, are decomposed, and then pass to the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. Clear food is transferred from the spleen, while turbid food is passed down to the large intestine and turned into dregs to be excreted. The whole process is completed by the "descending" effect of stomach qi. Therefore, the descending of the main stream of the stomach refers to the process that the stomach can pass chyme down to the small intestine and the large intestine and discharge dregs. The method of stomach governing downward is to reduce turbidity, which is the premise of acceptance. Therefore, if the stomach and intestines are blocked, it will not only reduce appetite, but also cause bad breath, abdominal distension and pain, belching, hiccups, constipation, and even nausea and vomiting.
small intestine
The small intestine is located in the abdomen, its upper end is connected with the stomach through pylorus, and its lower end is connected with the large intestine through the orifice. It is a hollow tubular organ, which is in a zigzag annular superposition shape. Its main functions are: 1. The subject is accepting, and the entity is accepting: it means accepting and accommodating. First, the small intestine receives food digested by the stomach and acts as a container; Second, the food digested by the stomach must stay in the small intestine for a period of time in order to be further digested and absorbed. Chemical substances: Digestive changes refer to the initial digestion of chyme by the small intestine, further digestion and absorption, and the transformation of Shui Gu into subtlety. If the small intestine is dysfunctional, abdominal distension and abdominal pain, or diarrhea loose stool can be seen. 2. The secretion is unclear and turbid, and there are many secretions; Don't, respectively; Qing refers to Shui Gu's implication; Turbidity refers to food residue. This function of the small intestine is manifested in two aspects. First, the small intestine receives food from the stomach and digests it further, which is divided into two parts: Shui Gu subtle and food residue. Among them, the turbid one is transmitted to the lungs through the spleen to nourish the whole body, and the turbid one is transmitted to the large intestine; Second, the small intestine not only absorbs the subtlety of Shui Gu, but also absorbs a lot of water and liquid, which seeps into the bladder through gasification to form urine, so it is called "small intestine main fluid". Dysfunction of small intestine secretion can lead to water passing through the intestine, with symptoms such as loose stool and short urine. Therefore, the "benefit sharing method" is often used to treat diarrhea in clinic, that is, the so-called "urination and defecation".
large intestine
The large intestine is located in the abdominal cavity, with its upper mouth connected to the small intestine through the diaphragm and its lower end connected to the anus. It is a pipe organ in the form of circular superposition. The main function of the large intestine is to transmit dregs. Transmission means transmission and change. The large intestine receives food residues from the small intestine, absorbs excess water, forms feces, and is excreted through the anus, so it is called "conduction officer". The conduction change of large intestine is an extension of the function of reducing turbidity in stomach, which is closely related to the ascending of spleen, the descending of lung and the gasification function of kidney. Loss of conduction function of large intestine can lead to abnormal defecation, such as stagnation of qi due to damp-heat in large intestine, abdominal pain, diarrhea, purulent discharge and so on. If the large intestine is really hot, the intestinal juice is dry and constipation; If the large intestine is deficient in cold, Shui Gu will have mixed diarrhea.
bladder
The bladder is located in the small abdomen and is a hollow cystic organ. The upper part of the bladder is connected with the kidney, and the lower part opens to the front of the vagina through the urethra. The main function of bladder is to store and excrete urine. Urine is dissolved by body fluids, and the formation of urine depends on the gasification of the kidney, which is transported to the bladder and regulates the opening and closing of the bladder, and finally excreted. Therefore, the function of bladder gasification is based on the function of kidney gasification. The gasification function of kidney and bladder is abnormal, the bladder is out of order, and urination is unfavorable, or urinary incontinence, or frequent urination, urgency, dysuria and urinary incontinence.
Three visceral cavities containing internal organs
Triple energizer is the general name of upper, middle and lower triple energizer, and it is one of the six fu organs. The triple energizer is the largest of the human viscera and has a bad reputation, so it is called "lonely viscera". From the position, the upper lesion is above the diaphragm, including the heart and lungs; Subumbilical diaphragm is the middle focus, including spleen and stomach; Below the umbilicus is the lower coke, including the liver and kidney. Triple energizer and pericardium are both exterior and interior. The specific function of triple intersection is: 1. It is in charge of qi and is responsible for the gasification activities of the human body. Three exchanges are the path of human vitality. The primordial qi comes from the kidney and must be transmitted to the whole body through the triple energizer to stimulate and promote the functional activities of various organs, thus maintaining the normal life activities of the human body. Righteousness is the motive force of tissue gasification, and the vitality of triple energizer is related to the normal operation of systemic gasification function. Therefore, Sanjiao is "the main qi, in charge of the gasification activities of the human body". 2. The road of human water running means that Sanjiao has the function of dredging waterways and running water. Although the water-liquid metabolism in human body depends on the interaction of various viscera, it can only be carried out normally when the triple energizer waterway is unobstructed. If the triple energizer waterway is unfavorable, the functions of regulating water-liquid metabolism such as lung, spleen and kidney will be difficult to play. Therefore, triple energizer plays an important role in water-liquid metabolism.