Zhu Dunru —— Interpretation of Niannujiao.

Song Boren, a poet in the Song Dynasty, mentioned in "I want to thank sixteen branches" that he didn't know he had a bottom until he took off his coat. Many ancient poems mentioned the word "foolish bottom", such as Su Shi. The original intention is to stay under the stage and not perform on stage. It seems to refer to the low-level service personnel waiting in the background when performing zaju. The boss is usually called the monitor. Later, he was accused of being a silly idiot, dull eyes, etc. Some modern youths call "Dad" a "dumb ass". In this word, Zhu Xizhen used a pun and used superficial facts as a metaphor. When he is old, his life drama has been filmed, and the costume mask has been given to the troupe (to the organizer and director). It doesn't matter to him who he wants to play and who he likes to play in the future. With his knowledge and sentiment, he won't laugh at those who act later as fools. Later generations often make such an explanation, which is actually wrong. Try to explain it in vernacular as follows. Please correct me more. Being old is gratifying, because you have traveled all over the world and become familiar with the outside world; being old is gratifying, because you have experienced the joys and sorrows of the world and become familiar with all kinds of external environment. If you see through the void, you will hate the sea and worry about the mountains, and you will be crushed for a while: you will see through the void, see through the power, and no matter how big the resentment and sorrow are, they will all be crushed soon. (Note: In his later years, Zhu became a laughing stock. ) not fascinated by flowers, not trapped by wine, everywhere: you can avoid being confused by wine and color, and you will be more awake wherever you go. Sleep when you are full and take part in accidental amusement: sleep when you are full and take part in accidental amusement when you get up. Pun. Poets love to sing zaju. I'm very happy to perform in the theater, as a fan. Many poets have a hobby of taking part in accidental amusement, and what they say is mostly true and false. Famous aphorisms such as Nian Nujiao Man Jiang Hong are all zaju tunes. Later generations were dominated by derogatory idioms. This was actually an important form of entertainment at that time. Today, this legacy is particularly enduring. This word is about the end of life, so it also implies the meaning of playing with others. Hugh said that through the ages, Nai Weng didn't have so many things in his heart: don't tell me how to comment on the past and the present, my old man's heart has long since been free of such things. I don't want to become an immortal, a Buddha, or learn from Confucius who traveled around the world to give lectures. This sentence is modesty. Master Zhu dabbled in Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism. I'm too lazy to argue with sages or teach them to laugh. That's all: I'm too lazy to argue and defend with those sages. Let them laugh and sneer, that's all. (Note: It is mainly about Qin Gui. ) When the play is on, the shirt is off and the ass is flat: the pun explained at the beginning. After I recover my true colors, no matter who I am, men and women, old and young, I can be stupid, loyal, treacherous, and whoever I play will do, which has nothing to do with me. Note: Zhu's mood may not be calm when writing this word because of his advanced age. This sentence is not a sermon to the world, but an encouragement to yourself. But what he said is still very enlightening to us old people. Being calm, healthy and happy when you are old is a great wealth for your family. The new world should be created by young people. The above interpretation is for reference only.