From Yuan Zhen's Five Thoughts in Tang Dynasty.
original text
Once I tasted the vast sea, I felt that the water in other places was pale; Once you have experienced the clouds in Wushan, you feel that the clouds elsewhere are eclipsed.
Hurried through the flowers, lazy to look back; This reason is partly because of the ascetic monk, and partly because of who you used to be.
translate
After the magnificent sea, the water elsewhere is not worth seeing. I am intoxicated in Wushan's dream of sex rain, and the scenery elsewhere is not called sex rain.
Even among the flowers, I am too lazy to look back; This reason is partly due to the abstinence of monks and partly because you have had it.
To annotate ...
Once: once arrived. Meridian: passing by.
Difficult: it means "not enough to see" and "not worth seeing"
Get rid of: except, leave. In contrast, clouds in other places are not called clouds except Wushan. This sentence and the last sentence are metaphors of a relationship I have been in contact with.
Hurry up: hurry, hurry, whatever. This is the appearance of "passing by in a hurry", "passing by in a hurry" or "passing by casually" and should not be interpreted as "walking in order" For example, the Song Dynasty's "Autumn and Summer Nights Prosperous" says: "Calling children to open vines and paper candles, clear poetry takes second place." Zhu Yuan Yu Ting's "Green Apricot Farewell" song: "Heartbroken place, hurry to leave."
Flowers: This refers not to flowers in nature, but to places where there are many beautiful women, implying brothels and prostitutes' homes.
Half fate: this means "half because …".
Cultivation: refers to the cultivation of Taoism. What is clarified here is that monks pay attention to abstinence.
Jun: This refers to the lover I once liked.
Creation background
This poem was written in the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), and Cao, the satrap of Jiangling, was demoted to the army. It is said that the author wrote this poem because he missed his young lover Cui Yingying. On the other hand, this poem was written by the author in memory of his wife Wei Cong.
Brief introduction of the author
Yuan Zhen (779-83 1 year, or from the 14th year of Dali in Tang Daizong to the 5th year of Daiwa in Wenzong) was born in Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan) in the Tang Dynasty. Father Yuan Kuan, mother Zheng. He is a descendant of Tuoba, a Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the 14th grandson of Shi Yigui. In his early years, he advocated "New Yuefu" with Bai Juyi. People often call him and Bai Juyi "Bai Yuan".
Make an appreciative comment
This is a work in memory of his dead wife Wei Cong. The poet praised the love between husband and wife and expressed his loyalty and nostalgia for Wei Cong with the metaphor of "seeking things with expressions" and warning words.
The first two sentences, "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was always amber", were changed from the article "Seeing the sea is difficult for water, swimming in the gate of saints, it is difficult to describe" in Mencius. The comparison between the two places is similar, but Mencius is a simile, and the metaphor of "watching the sea" is obvious. And these two sentences are metaphors, and metaphors are not obvious. The vast sea dwarfs the water in other places. Wushan faces Yunfeng, facing the Yangtze River, and the clouds are steaming. According to Song Yu's "High Order", its cloud is transformed by the goddess, which belongs to the sky and goes down to Yuyuan. It is as lush as a pine tree and as beautiful as a charming girl. So in contrast, the clouds in other places are eclipsed. "Sea" and "Wushan" are the most beautiful images in the world. Poets use them as metaphors. Literally, they say that they have experienced the "sea" and "Wushan", and it is difficult to see the water and clouds elsewhere. In fact, they are used to comparing the feelings between husband and wife like the water in the sea and the clouds in Wushan. Their depth and beauty are unparalleled in the world, so no woman can make herself emotional except her wife.
"Difficult for water" and "not a cloud". Of course, this is Yuan Zhen's preference for his wife, but the feelings of husband and wife like them are really rare. Yuan Zhen has a vivid description in the poem "Regret for the Past". So the third sentence says that he walked through the "flowers" and was too lazy to look, which shows that he has no attachment to women.
The fourth sentence is the reason for "lazy review". Since you are so attached to your dead wife, why do you say "half-life is half-life" here? Throughout his life, Yuan Zhen respected Buddhism and Taoism by "emphasizing carefree articles and Buddhist scriptures" (Bai Juyi praised Yuan Zhen's language in Ten Questions and Answers). In addition, the "cultivation" here can also be understood as paying attention to the cultivation of moral knowledge. However, for Yuan Zhen, respecting Buddhism and Taoism, cultivating self-cultivation and pursuing scholarship are nothing more than an emotional sustenance of his lovelorn grief. The anxiety expressed by "Banyuan Monastery" and "Banyuan Jun" is the same, and it is more meaningful to say "Banyuan Monastery". The Qing Dynasty Qin Dynasty Quhan Poetry thinks that mourning the death of "Banyuan Jun" is a manifestation of fickle feelings, and it is too ignorant of the poet's difficulties.
Yuan Zhen's quatrains are not only figurative and lyrical, but also wonderful in writing. The first two sentences use extreme metaphors to write nostalgic mourning feelings, such as "sea" and "Wushan", which imply magnificence, the spread of elegy and the trend of rivers flowing. Later, Lazy Review and Half-assed Gentleman suddenly eased the language situation and became a profound lyric. Relax and change to form a ups and downs melody. As far as the artistic conception of the whole poem is concerned, it is romantic but not vulgar, magnificent but not flashy, tragic and not deep, which creates the realm of absolute victory in the quatrains of mourning in the Tang Dynasty. The sentence "I have been across the sea" is especially recited by people.