First of all, understand the general situation of the questioner and the background information of asking questions.
Second, identify problems and classify them.
Frequently asked questions are:
Use of special dosage forms
To make up for the lack of medical care and medicine
adverse drug reaction
dosage
Indications and contraindications
drug interaction
Medication during lactation and pregnancy
Blood concentration detection and dose adjustment
Compatibility of injection drugs
pharmacokinetics
Drug identification
substitutive therapy
Third, determine the retrieval method and consult the literature.
Four. Evaluation, analysis and arrangement of documents
5. Form an answer and inform the patient.
Six, follow-up and establish files
Drug information management:
Drug information processing generally goes through five cycles: information seeking stage, information collection stage, information sorting stage, information regeneration stage and regeneration information transmission stage.
First, the traditional drug information management
1, card management
2. Notebook extract
3, clip-on excerpts
Second, the computer management of drug information
Third, the information management software
Medication consultation:
Drug consultation refers to pharmacists' application of pharmaceutical knowledge and drug information, including pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, commercialization, adverse drug reaction information, etc. To undertake public consultation services on drug treatment and rational drug use.
Pharmacists' medication consultation is an important link for pharmacists to participate in the whole process of pharmaceutical service, and it is also a breakthrough in pharmaceutical service, which plays a key role in clinical rational drug use and is of great significance to ensure rational drug use.
According to different clients, it can be divided into patients, doctors, nurses and the public.
First, the patient medication consultation
Pharmacists, as pharmaceutical professionals, should use their professional knowledge to guide patients to use drugs, maximize the therapeutic effect of patients, improve the compliance of drug use, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug use.
1, consulting environment
(1) Adjacent to outpatient pharmacy or pharmacy hall.
(2) obvious signs
(3) Comfortable environment
(4) Proper confidentiality
(5) Necessary equipment
The information desk should prepare pharmaceutical and medical reference materials, books and medical popular science propaganda materials and distribute them to patients.
2. Consulting methods
(1) activity mode
(2) Passive way
3. Consultation content
(1) drug name
(2) indications
(3) Method of medication
(4) Dosage
(5) The expected curative effect, onset time and maintenance time after taking the medicine.
(6) Adverse drug reactions and interactions
(7) Are there alternative medicines or other therapies?
(8) Identification, storage and expiration date of drugs
(9) Whether the drug price and reimbursement are included in the medical insurance reimbursement catalogue, etc.
4, pharmacists should take the initiative to provide advice to patients in several cases.
(1) Patients who use two or more drugs with the same ingredients at the same time are: or use with multiple drugs; When the prescribed medicine conflicts with the original chronic disease.
(2) When the patient has an adverse reaction after taking the medicine; Or have a history of adverse reactions in the past.
(3) When the patient's compliance is not good; Or when the patient thinks that the curative effect is not ideal or the dose is not effective enough.
(4) If the condition requires, the indications and dosage of the drugs in the prescription exceed the prescribed dosage. When the usage and dosage in the prescription are inconsistent with the instructions.
(5) The drugs the patient is using are incompatible or inappropriate.
(6) Patients who need TDM.
(7) The drug instructions have been revised recently.
(8) Recently, it was found that the drugs used by patients had serious or rare adverse reactions.
(9) Patients who use narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs; Or use special drugs (antibiotics, antifungal drugs, anticoagulants, antitumor drugs, bisphosphonates, sedatives and hypnotics, antipsychotics, etc.). ); Special dosage forms (sustained and controlled release preparations, transdermal preparations, inhalants).
(10) When the same drug has multiple indications or complicated usage and dosage.
(1 1) When the drug is repackaged and the packaging label is unclear.
(12) When drugs requiring special storage conditions are used.
5. Issues requiring special attention
(1) Problems that Special People Should Pay Attention to
Old people, women, etc.
(2) Interpretation skills
Counseling for ordinary patients should be explained in easy-to-understand medical terms.
(3) Try to provide written publicity materials for special patients.
For example, first-time drug users.
Use drugs such as digoxin and theophylline to treat patients with narrow windows.
Patients with poor medication compliance
(4) Respect patients' wishes and protect patients' privacy.
(5) Answer in time without delay.
Second, the doctor's medication consultation
(1) Improve the therapeutic effect of drugs.
New drug information
Rational drug use information
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)
(2) reduce the risk of drug treatment
Adverse drug reactions (ADR) and adverse drug events (ADE)
Taboo symptom
drug interaction
Third, the nurse medication consultation
Suitable solvents for (1) drugs
(2) Dilution volume of drug
(3) Dropping speed of drugs
(4) incompatibility of drugs
Fourth, public consultation on drug use.
Five, pharmaceutical excipients, packaging materials, medical equipment consulting.