Analysis, Reasoning and Exclusion Method of National Civil Service Examination in 2020

Analytical reasoning is a kind of question in deductive reasoning of national examination. There are two ways to identify such questions: one is that there is a given object in the stem, and the other is that the stem contains some information. Candidates need to match objects with information. For how to solve analytical reasoning, the teacher will introduce a method-exclusion method to help everyone. The so-called "exclusion method" is based on the principle of "reading one sentence and arranging one sentence", and according to the given information, one option is excluded and the correct answer is selected. The following examples illustrate that candidates can better master this method.

Example: Four experts from Korea, France, Britain and Germany live in four rooms on the same side, with room numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4. A reporter came to interview them.

Koreans say, "My room number is bigger than that of Germans, and I can't speak foreign languages or communicate with my neighbors".

The French said, "I can speak German, but I can't communicate with my neighbors";

The British said, "I can speak Korean, but I can only communicate with one of my neighbors";

The German said, "I can speak the languages of our four countries."

Then, according to the room number from small to large, the nationality of the people living in the room is ()

A. Britain, Germany, South Korea and France

B. France, Britain, Germany and South Korea

C. Germany, Britain, France and South Korea

D. Germany, Britain, South Korea and France

Answer c

Solution: According to the four rooms given in the question, people from four countries correspond to each other. Pay attention to the information given, except that Koreans only mention the room number, others discuss whether they can communicate with their neighbors. First, use the room number to rule out. After reading this sentence, I found that none of the options can be ranked. Then look at the information exchanged. The French can speak German but can't communicate with their neighbors, so France and Germany can't live next to each other, and there is no option that can be ruled out. Look at the next sentence, the British can speak Korean but can only communicate with one neighbor, which does not rule out. In the last sentence, Germans can speak the languages of four countries, so Germany and South Korea can't live next to each other. Excluding options A and B, Britain can only communicate with one neighboring country but not with Germany and South Korea at the same time. Excluding option D, the correct answer is C.

In this question, we use the exclusion method, which combines the stem of the question with the options, so as to quickly eliminate the wrong options and easily choose the C option. Although the list method and the maximum information method can solve this problem quickly, the exclusion method will be simpler and clearer and easier for students to master.

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