The flood disaster in Ankang area is one of the main disasters in China, which occurs in many places every year. Objectively speaking, there are irresistible reasons for frequent floods. Let's take a look at the flood disaster in Ankang area.
Flood disaster in Ankang area 19.4 Flood disaster in Ankang refers to 2021From 7: 00 on September 4 to 7: 00 on September 5, heavy rain fell in the central and western parts of Ankang City.
As of September 5th 17, 56,748 people were newly affected by floods, with emergency evacuation and resettlement 1 1529 people and emergency transfer and resettlement 14728 people. Crops were affected by 599 hectares, with a disaster area of 233 hectares and a crop failure area of 60 hectares;
80 houses of 32 households collapsed, 203 houses of 75 households were seriously damaged, and 374 houses of 75/kloc-0 were generally damaged; The direct economic loss was 320 million yuan, including family property loss 144 1 10,000 yuan, agricultural economic loss17 million yuan, and infrastructure loss of 2.910.6 million yuan.
Event background
2021From 7: 00 on September 4th to 7: 00 on September 5th, there was a general rainstorm in the central and western parts of Ankang City, and a heavy rainstorm in the west.
event
Affected by heavy rainfall, 98 towns and villages in 9 counties (cities, districts) of Ankang City experienced floods to varying degrees, and a new round of floods caused 56,748 people to be affected.
event handling
After the disaster, the Ankang Municipal Party Committee and the municipal government attached great importance to it, and various departments at all levels in cities and counties actively carried out rescue and emergency recovery work in accordance with the division of labor. The Municipal Emergency Management Bureau pays close attention to the rain and flood disasters, provides rescue forces in advance, makes disaster statistics, and properly resettles the affected people.
Flood disaster in Ankang area. Influence of flood on national economy
The impact of floods on the national economy is mainly reflected in several aspects.
1, the impact on agriculture
Severe storms and floods often cause large areas of farmland to be flooded and crops to be destroyed, resulting in reduced production or even no harvest. During the period from 1950 to 5 1 year in 2000, the average farmland affected area in China was 9.37 million hm2, resulting in 5.23 million hm2 of disasters.
2, the impact on transportation
Railway is the artery of national economy. However, many railway trunk lines in China are seriously threatened by floods. The middle and lower reaches of the seven major rivers include Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Kowloon, Longhai, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo and other important railway trunk lines.
The length of the railway threatened by flood is more than 65,438+00,000 km, and the railways in southwest and northwest are often attacked by flash floods and mudslides. The railway trunk lines in these areas are high-intensity areas with frequent flash floods and mudslides.
Due to the flood, the interruption and stop of the railway is very serious. 1954 In the flood, the Beijing-Guangzhou railway, which is the north-south artery, stopped 100d.
China's expressway network has a long mileage, and the impact of transportation disruption in expressway caused by floods has spread to every corner of the country. With the rapid development of highway construction, the mileage of highway damaged by water has doubled.
All mountain roads in China are harmed by mountain torrents and mudslides to varying degrees, and many national and provincial trunk lines in the west 10 are often harmed by mudslides and landslides. There are 157 large debris flow gullies along the Sichuan-Tibet Highway, which are open to traffic for less than half a year.
3. Impact on cities and industries
Cities are densely populated and are the political, economic and cultural centers of the country. About 80% of the industrial output value is concentrated in cities. Large and medium-sized cities in China are basically distributed along rivers, which are seriously threatened by river floods, and some cities close to mountains and rivers are also endangered by disasters such as flash floods and mudslides.
More than 600 cities in China, 90% have flood control tasks. Since 1990s, the process of urbanization in China has obviously accelerated. A large number of people flocked from the mainland to coastal cities along the Yangtze River, and the urban area expanded rapidly. The newly expanded urban areas are often areas with high flood risk and low flood control ability.
Due to the high density of urban assets, the dependence on water supply, power supply, gas supply, transportation, communication and other systems has increased, and once it is hit by floods, the losses will be more serious. Statistics show that in some economically developed coastal provinces, urban and industrial flood losses have accounted for more than 60% of the total flood losses.
Second, the impact of flood disasters on the environment.
Flood disaster not only brings huge economic losses, but also causes great damage to human living environment. This damage to the environment is mainly manifested in the following four aspects.
1, destroying the ecological environment. Soil erosion is one of the serious ecological and environmental problems in China, and heavy rain and flash floods are the main natural factors. By 2000, the national soil erosion area was 3.56 million square kilometers.
It accounts for about 37% of the land area, and the annual soil loss is about 5 billion tons. A lot of sediment is deposited in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and a lot of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are taken away. The harm of soil erosion not only seriously restricts the development of agricultural production in hilly areas, but also brings difficulties to land improvement, river management and maintaining a good ecological environment.
2. Damage to cultivated land. The damage of flood disaster to cultivated land is mainly caused by water scouring sand pressure and destroying farmland. For example, in 1963, the Haihe River was flooded, and the farmland that lost its farming conditions due to water erosion and sand pressure reached130,000 hm2. The erosion of land by the Yellow River flood is more serious. Every time the Yellow River bursts, a large amount of sediment covers the fertile land on both sides of the Yanhe River, resulting in the destruction of large areas of farmland.
3. Damage to the river system. Rivers in China are generally sandy, and the flood burst causes sediment deposition, which seriously damages the functions of rivers, especially the Yellow River, and has a wide range of damage to the water system and far-reaching influence.
4. Water pollution. Flood pollutes the water environment, mainly causing the spread of germs and toxic substances, which directly harms people's health.
Flood disaster in Ankang area 3 Flood is a natural phenomenon and a natural disaster, which is caused by the rapid increase of water quantity or water level in rivers and lakes caused by natural factors such as heavy rain, rapid snowmelt and storm surge.
Objectively speaking, there are irresistible reasons for frequent floods, which can be said to be "destiny". However, why did the Yangtze River, which has been surging through the ages, never return in the short period of 100 in the 20th century? Why does the once-in-a-century flood turn into a disaster every few years? Once a decade?
Compared with relevant historical data, the frequency and severity of floods are quite consistent with the trend of population growth. We have to admit that the rapid population growth, the expansion of cultivated land, land reclamation around lakes, deforestation and other human activities in China constantly change the surface state, change the confluence conditions, and aggravate the degree of floods.
Rainfall depends on the sky, and water diversion depends on people. In a rainy year, whether floods cause disasters and the magnitude of flood disasters are closely related to human factors. Long-term forest destruction is an important reason.
The biggest mistake made by mankind is cutting down forests. As the main body of terrestrial ecosystem, forest has many functions, such as water conservation, soil and water conservation, climate regulation and so on, and plays an irreplaceable role in reducing flood peak.
If there is a flood, there may not be a flood, but the forest is destroyed and a small flood can also cause a big flood. The flood regulation function of forest is mainly as follows: 1. Forest canopy can intercept a part of heavy rain through its huge leaves, which can reach10 ~ 30%;
2. Its litter layer has the function of storing rainwater; 3. Because of the existence of forest, the infiltration capacity of the surface is greatly enhanced, and a large number of rapid surface runoff becomes slow underground runoff; 4. Forests can also change the surface structure of soil and enhance the ability to store precipitation; 5. The forest has a huge root system, which has the functions of consolidating soil and regulating the sediment injected by flood into rivers.
Secondly, another evil result of deforestation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is amazing soil erosion. Now it has reached 350,000 square kilometers, and the annual soil leaching amount has reached 2.5 billion tons. Sediments deposited in rivers, lakes and reservoirs reached 2 billion tons.
Only one province in Sichuan flows into the tributaries of the Yangtze River in one year. If embankments with a width of 1 m are built, they can circle the equator of the earth 16 times. Dongting Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, which deposits more than 654.38 billion tons of sediment every year.
Someone exclaimed: "If this continues, Dongting Lake will disappear from the earth in less than 50 years!" The danger of the Yangtze River lies in Jingjiang River. Because of the sediment, the riverbed of Jingjiang section is now more than ten meters higher than the ground outside the river, and it has become a veritable river on the ground except the Yellow River.
Wildly cutting down forests not only harms oneself, but also harms future generations. Many parts of the world, such as Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and the southern slope of the Alps, eventually became barren due to excessive logging.