When the ancients made mirrors, the big mirror was cast flat and the small mirror was cast convex. Concave mirror reflects a larger face image, while convex mirror reflects a smaller face image. You can't see the whole face with a small mirror, so make it a little convex and make it smaller. Although such a mirror is small, it can still capture the whole face.
When making a mirror, it is necessary to measure the size of the mirror to determine the degree of increase or decrease of the convex of the mirror, so that the facial image is commensurate with the size of the mirror. The ancients excelled in excelling nature, but later generations could not do it. Once they got the ancient mirrors, they were scraped and polished to make them smooth. This is why Shi Kuang (a famous musician in the Spring and Autumn Period) is sad (no one really understands the melody).
There is a transparent mirror in the world, and there is an inscription on the back of the mirror, with a * * * painted on it. The font is so abstruse that no one can understand it. When the mirror is illuminated by sunlight, the pattern and twenty Chinese characters on the back will be clearly transmitted on the wall of the room.
Some people speculate on its principle, thinking that it is because the thin part is cold first when casting, while the place with patterns and characters gradually thickens and cools, which makes copper shrink a lot. Although the inscriptions and patterns are on the back, there are faint traces on the mirror surface, so they appear in the light. I observed this mirror and thought it was true.
However, there are three mirrors in my house, and I have seen the mirrors collected by others. It's all the same style, and the inscriptions are no different. The shape is very old. Only this kind of mirror can transmit light, and other mirrors can't transmit light even if they are thin. I think the ancients had their own special production methods.
Extended data:
The original of "Zhu Jian of the ancients"
Song Dynasty: Shen Kuo
This work is exquisite, which can't be made by future generations. Compared with the ancient lessons, they are all polished and leveled, which hurts Shi Kuang's bosom friend.
There is a transparent mirror in the world with an inscription on the back. Where there is a cross, the words are extremely old and can't be read. In order to learn from the sun, the words and crosses on the back are transparent and clearly defined on the walls of the house. People have their own reason, that is, when casting, the thin part is cold first, and the back is thick and then cold, while copper shrinks more. Although the text is at the back, there are traces on the face, so it appears in the light.
In view of this, this is reasonable. However, Yu Jia has three mirrors, all of which are the same. There is no difference between those calligraphy and painting, and their shapes are very ancient. Only this guide rail is transparent. Although other guide rails are thin, they cannot be transparent. The ancient Italians had their own skills.
Selected from Shen Kuo (Song) —— On
Author:
Shen Kuo (A.D. 103 1~ 1095) was born in Qiantang County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was of Han nationality. Scientists and politicians in the Northern Song Dynasty. Injong Jiayou was a scholar and later served as a bachelor of Hanlin.
In his later years, he wrote Meng Qian Bi Tan in Meng Xi Park, Zhenjiang. One of the most outstanding scientists in the history of China. Proficient in astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, geology, meteorology, geography, agriculture and medicine, engineers and diplomats.
2. Ancient Chinese reading topic 1:A topic 1:B topic 1: Although the pattern (text) is on the back, there are faint traces on the mirror, so it appears in the sun.
Minor problem 1:(4 points) (1) Although the mirror is small, it can accommodate everyone (1 minute) Exquisite (superb) (1 minute) (2 points) Other mirrors with the same shape cannot transmit light, and only this mirror can transmit light (2 points) Minor problem/ The word +0: b in question 65438 is the same as the personal pronoun "I".
A verb in A is different from a noun. Different pronunciations in C language mean different things.
The last "different" in D is flexible and different. Question 1: Every word should be implemented. Guess the usage and meaning of this word in class and express it in fluent sentences.
Question 1: the second step is to investigate the understanding of the text, but it is difficult to find the relevant sentences from the text, that is, "However, there are three lessons in my family, and I have seen all the secrets in his family, and they are all the same." Those who have no difference in writing and painting are very old in form. Only this lesson can penetrate other courses, although it is too thin. The word "ran" means that the ancients had their own skills, which wrote the author's question. The answer should be refined in the following sentence.
3. Translation of Classical Chinese (Nanjing, Jiangsu) Ancient Mirrors (Song Dynasty) When Shen Kuo ancients cast mirrors, the large mirror was cast flat and the small mirror was cast convex. Concave mirror reflects a larger face image, while convex mirror reflects a smaller face image. You can't see the whole face with a small mirror, so make it a little convex and make it smaller. Although such a mirror is small, it can still capture the whole face. When making a mirror, it is necessary to measure the size of the mirror to determine the degree of increase or decrease of the convex of the mirror, so that the facial image is commensurate with the size of the mirror. The ancients excelled in excelling nature, but later generations could not do it. Once they got the ancient mirrors, they were scraped and polished to make them smooth. This is why Shi Kuang (a famous musician in the Spring and Autumn Period) is sad (no one really understands the melody).
There is a transparent mirror in the world, and there is an inscription on the back of the mirror, with a * * * painted on it. The font is so abstruse that no one can understand it. When the mirror is illuminated by sunlight, the pattern and twenty Chinese characters on the back will be clearly transmitted on the wall of the room. Some people speculate on its principle, thinking that it is because the thin part is cold first when casting, while the place with patterns and characters gradually thickens and cools, which makes copper shrink a lot. Although the inscriptions and patterns are on the back, there are faint traces on the mirror surface, so they appear in the light. I observed this mirror and thought it was true. However, there are three mirrors in my house, and I have seen the mirrors collected by others. It's all the same style, and the inscription makes no difference. The shape is very old. Only this kind of mirror can transmit light, and other mirrors can't transmit light even if they are thin. I think the ancients had their own special production methods.
4. Ancient Mirror (Song Dynasty) The mirror was cast by Shen Kuo Oracle bones. When the mirror is big, it will be flat, and when it is small, it will be a small problem. 1: If the mirror is small, it can accommodate everyone.
Question 2:B
Question 3: (1) Although the pattern (figure) is on the back, there are faint traces on the mirror, so it appears in the sun. (2) Not only the sages have this idea, but everyone has this idea, and only the sages can keep it from losing.
Question 4: Although the sword is small, it is tolerant, and its face is exquisite (superb).
Question 1: Analysis of test questions: The words "the small mirror can't see all aspects of people, so it slightly bulges to accept the face of people, and the small mirror can accept all aspects of people" mean that "the small mirror is cast into a convex shape. Concave mirror reflects a larger face image, while convex mirror reflects a smaller face image. You can't see the whole face with a small mirror. You can make it slightly convex and make your face smaller. Although such a mirror is small, it can still capture the whole face. " According to the principle of meaning, the rhythm is "the small mirror can't see everyone's face/so it is slightly convex/the face is small/then the mirror is small but can accommodate everyone's face".
Comments: Students should understand the sentence reading knowledge of classical Chinese, learn to read classical Chinese with emotion, cultivate a sense of language, and divide the sentence rhythm according to the meaning of the words in the sentence. Generally speaking, there should be a pause between the subject and the predicate, a pause after a sentence with the modal particles of the whole sentence, and a pause between several connected components. Therefore, when dividing the rhythm of a sentence, we should not only consider the meaning of the sentence, but also consider the structure of the sentence, such as the "subject-predicate-object" of the sentence, and sometimes pay attention to some special usages. Here is a sentence break between sentences, and it is enough to mainly understand the meaning of the sentence.
Question 2: Analysis of test questions: A. Making a bill. B, clear and clear. C. discovery and appearance. D, different is different.
Comments: The most common form of proposition in the examination of content words in classical Chinese is to specify several words in the text for candidates to explain. Words that need to be explained are generally common substantive words, such as interchangeable words, polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, flexible use of parts of speech and so on. These are often the focus of the proposition, and of course they should also be the focus of students' preparation. In understanding, besides the specific context, we should also pay attention to the special usage of some words.
Question 3: Analysis of test questions: (1) Although it means although, it means but, because it means existence, it means appearing now; (2) "independence" means "only" and "mourning" means "loss". In translation, in addition to these keywords, we should also pay attention to the integrity and fluency of the whole sentence translation.
Comments: Translating classical Chinese sentences is a necessary question for reading classical Chinese. The standard of classical Chinese translation is three words: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. For students, it is very good to meet the first two standards of "faithfulness" (accuracy) and "expressiveness" (fluency). Because the senior high school entrance examination requires literal translation of classical Chinese, it pays attention to the implementation of every word, especially the understanding of key words and the judgment of special sentence patterns.
Question 4: Test analysis: "Although the mirror is small, it can accommodate everyone" can reflect the effect of the ancients making mirrors; The word "exquisite" can reflect the ancient mirror-making technology.
Comments: To solve this problem, we must first understand the content of classical Chinese, then define the answer area according to the requirements of the topic, and summarize the answer in concise language.