Based on the present situation, combined with the actual situation, step by step to carry out applied research.
At present, the application of information technology in the field of building construction in China has just started, the construction technology and management level are relatively backward, and the construction of national information infrastructure is still far from perfect. The starting point is low. On the one hand, scientific research and development departments should focus on the long-term goal of informatization development, learn from international advanced experience and carry out corresponding applied basic research; On the other hand, it is necessary to closely combine the reality of China's construction production, develop the currently applicable information projects, and make them play a direct role and obtain benefits. For example, in terms of hardware, we should make full use of existing equipment and promote microcomputer networking; In terms of software, well-founded CAD technology and other construction auxiliary software (budget estimation software, network planning software, material management software, etc.). ) will be applied to achieve a certain degree of integration, and then the scope of integration will gradually expand.
Building informatization can be divided into three levels: building project informatization, building enterprise informatization and building industry informatization. Construction project informatization mainly considers the unified storage and centralized management of related information of a construction project. Therefore, a small LAN can be established in a project management department to share information between technology, production, quality, safety, materials and finance departments. Informatization of construction enterprises means that construction enterprises establish a perfect enterprise network, realize network interconnection with all subordinate units in a large geographical scope, and have an integrated building information comprehensive processing system. The goal of informatization in the construction industry requires that all the cooperative units related to the project can enjoy the project information and use the public information of the construction industry stored in a large database under the condition that the information network is spread all over the country. It can be seen that, first of all, it is basic and feasible to promote informatization research from the level of construction projects, which can lay the foundation and explore ways for the future development of informatization.
The analysis of information source and the establishment of database are the keys to the application research of building informatization.
Building construction information mainly includes information describing the characteristics of building products, information reflecting the technical and management status in the construction process, and public information (such as building materials information and new technology information). The environment in which the building production system is located. In order to obtain and use these information in time and effectively, it is necessary to analyze the generation and flow law of building information, and store the information in order according to a certain logical structure, so as to develop various applications on this basis. Database technology provides an effective means to manage information, and establishing a database is the basic link to develop various information systems. The key difficulty in building a database system in the field of architecture is how to extract a data model with stable structure and reasonable logic from the complicated and changeable actual production process. In building information modeling, foreign academic research focuses on building product models and building process models, that is, based on object-oriented ideas or other modeling ideas, using graphical tools to analyze and express the elements of building products, their production processes and their relationships, thus providing a unified reference for the multi-domain exchange of building product information.
In order to build a database in China from scratch and from small to large as soon as possible, we should learn from this modeling idea and method, promote all departments in the industry to reach a * * * knowledge with the help of models, and organize the development of special databases on the basis of unified models to avoid low-level redundant construction of information systems.
Based at home and facing the world, we will promote the application of high-tech and technical standardization.
In the process of promoting the informatization of building construction, combining with the characteristics of building production, successfully applying the latest achievements of modern science and technology is equivalent to finding a shortcut to the destination. High-tech technologies that are expected to be well utilized include GIS technology, GPS technology and Intranet technology.
In addition, with the growth of network scale and the expansion of information exchange scope, the standardization problem will become increasingly prominent. In order to make technical preparations for standardization, we should refer to international standards and gradually establish a standard system framework for the development of construction informatization, including unified technical management regulations for construction industry and development standards for construction information systems. At present, the representative international standards mainly include STEP (for product data exchange), IGES (for graphic data exchange) and SGML (for electronic publishing and document exchange).
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