To understand the ins and outs of Taijiquan, we must understand the historical evolution of Chenjiagou. The history of Chenjiagou can be traced back to the late Yuan Dynasty in China. In order to maintain its decadent rule, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty carried out cruel economic exploitation, which brought great disasters to the people and triggered the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang, a native of Fengyang, Anhui Province, led the Red Scarf Army and captured Qing Ji. In 2000, he sent troops to the Northern Expedition, crossed the Yellow River and unified China. However, timur, the Yuan general guarding Huaiqing Prefecture in Henan Province, blocked Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition.
The two sides fought fiercely in Huaiqing Prefecture on the north bank of the Yellow River for many days, and the outcome was inseparable. Zhu Yuanzhang was so angry that he took it out on Huaiqing people. After he proclaimed himself emperor, a group of Shanxi imperial guards were robbed on a bridge near Gengzhuang, wen county, Huaiqing Prefecture, and several Ming soldiers who fled back reported that they were robbed by people in Huaiqing Prefecture. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious when he heard the news, and remembered the old scores that he was desperately resisted by the iron fungus of the Yuan Dynasty in Huaiqing. He thought there were no good citizens in Huaiqing House, so he ordered Chang Yuchun to lead the troops to bloodbath Huaiqing House, and carried out three cruel bloodshed in Qinyang, Wenxian, Mengxian and Wuzhi counties under the jurisdiction of Huaiqing House, resulting in hundreds of people and thousands of hectares of fertile land being deserted.
In the fifth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 200), Zhu Yuanzhang ordered that Hongdong County in Shanxi be placed under Huaiqing House. There is a young man named Chen Bu, whose ancestral home is Dongtuhe Village, Zezhou County, Shanxi Province. After years of disasters in his hometown, he fled to Hongdong, wrapped up in a team with his wife and children, took him to Huaiqing House and settled in the northeast of Wenxian County 10 km. Later, people named this village Chenbuzhuang. Because of its low terrain, Chenbuzhuang often suffered from floods. In the seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Chenbuzhuang moved to Changyang Village. This village is located in Qingfengling, southeast of Chenbuzhuang, with the Yellow River in the south and a ridge in the north, which ensures the drought and flood. Changyang Village has persimmon ditch in the west, north ditch in the east, and ditch surrounded on three sides. With the growth of the Chen family, Changyang Village was renamed Chenjiagou. Until the founding of New China, the words "Gu Changyang" were often used on wedding utensils in Chenjiagou. Chenjiagou is about 5 kilometers east of Wenxian County. Most people here are surnamed Chen, and now there are more than 100 residents.
Second, the origin of Chen Taiji's biography
Chen Bu, the ancestor of the Chen family, settled in Changyang Village, Qingfeng Ridge, worked hard and established a family. Chen Bu, who is proficient in boxing, set up a martial arts club in the village to teach his descendants to practice boxing and martial arts in order to protect mulberries from local bandits.
Chen Bu and his descendants have lived under the same roof for six generations, including Chen Gang II, Chen Lin III, Chen Jingyuan IV, Chen Tang V, Chen Zongru VI (the only son is Si Gui) and others. In the seventh century, I began to break up my family. Among them are the seventh Chen Sigui, the eighth Chen Fumin and the ninth Chen He's younger brother.
Chen (about-), also known as Chen Zouting, was born in the late Ming Dynasty and Wuyang in the early Qing Dynasty. He went to Daiyushan alone, dissuaded Dengfeng from taking Li Ji to rebel, and made meritorious military service for the Qing court to pacify Shandong bandits. He is very famous in Henan and Shandong, but he has not been reused by the Qing court. Chen retired because he could not serve his country. In addition to farming, according to the ancestral 100 single-eight-style long fist, he absorbed the essence of each family, combined with the theory of yin and yang and five elements in the Yi-ology, and referred to the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the techniques of guiding breathing, and invented and created a set of new boxing methods that combined yin and yang, combining rigidity with flexibility, including Tai Ji Chuan five-way, artillery hitting one-way, double pushing, knife, gun and breathing. Tai Ji Chuan's silk-winding strength was also used in the duet routines of spear and octupole and quadrupole, which initiated the transformation of yin and yang and the combination of rigidity and flexibility for long weapons. As for the pioneering creation of Taiji Double Push, it has already become a comprehensive fighting practice method that shines brilliantly in the history of China Wushu, because this method will not hurt people, and it can also test Wushu in practice.
From the existing "Long and Short Sentences" by Chen, we can learn something about Chen at that time:
"Alas, PiJian sharp, majestic, several times! Blessed in vain, I am still breathing when I am old. In the end, there was only one volume of Huang Ting, in which I clenched my fists in my spare time, plowed the fields in my busy time, and taught some children and grandchildren in my spare time to make it easier for Jackie Chan to become a tiger. I owe the official food early, and I have to pay the private debt. Don't use arrogance and flattery, let it be the first. People treat me like a fool, they treat me like an asshole, and they often wash their ears without playing the crown. Laugh and kill princes, be conscientious, be inferior to Shu Tai in heart, and never be greedy for fame and fortune. Understand the organs, know each other, like fishing, travel around, do nothing, and waste. If you get a healthy world, calm as usual, no regrets, it doesn't matter if his world is cold, success has nothing to do, and failure has nothing to do. Who is the immortal? I am a fairy! "
According to the legend in the village, Chen created Tai Ji Chuan, and he could not do without a martial arts master named. When Wang Tinggong broke into Yudai Mountain in his early years, Li met one of Li's men, and he was also good at martial arts. It is said that his feet are as fast as flying and he can chase rabbits with a hundred paces. After being rehabilitated, he defected to Chen. He regards Chen as his friend and teacher, and is willing to be a servant and disciple. This relationship is very close, which gives Chen an opponent to learn from, and Tai Ji Chuan can also be tested in practice, constantly revised and improved.
Another person worth mentioning is Qi Jiguang (-), a famous anti-Japanese soldier in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. He was born in Penglai, Shandong Province in his later years. One of the works of this national hero is also inextricably linked with the appearance of Taiji Zhuan, and this book is Ji Xiao Shu Xin. According to historical records, Qi Jiguang's new army's anti-Japanese war spread to the thirty-two potential of hundreds of boxing, which was endless, subtle and unpredictable, and seemed to have a divine meaning. When Chen created Tai Ji Chuan, he absorbed subtlety directly from Qi Jiguang's book Thirty-two Potential Boxing Classics, and adopted twenty-nine potentials, namely, the lazy man tied his clothes, the golden rooster, the horse-picking fist, the seven-star fist, the sparrow earthworm, the hanging foot, the crouching tiger potential, the beast head potential, the volley kick, the rising sun hand, the finger crotch potential, the leaping tiger potential, the first gun and so on. Accordingly, some experts have proved that the appearance of Taiji Zhuan will not be earlier than the writing time of Ji Xiao Shu Xin.
Since Chen was founded, Tai Ji Chuan has been handed down from generation to generation in Chen family in Chenjiagou, with a history of hundreds of years. With the prosperity of the Chen family, many masters emerged in the family, such as Shen Ru, Yao Ru, Jing Bo, Bing Qi, Bing Ren and so on. In the words of Li Yishe, the earliest known historical document, The Introduction to Taiji Biography, it is:' God is wise, and there are not many generations'. In the following hundreds of years, after the continuous enrichment and development of Chen's descendants and his disciples, Tai Ji Chuan has become one of the traditional excellent boxing styles in China, and five schools of Yang, Wu, Wu, Sun and He have been derived. The following is a brief list of several Chen Tai Ji Chuan masters.
Chen Changxing (-), the 14th Chen, is a native, and has written ten essentials of Tai Ji Chuan, essentials of Tai Ji Chuan's fighting, and the battle of Tai Ji Chuan. He broke the rules and passed on the secret of the Chen family-Chen Taiji to Yang Fukui (Lu Chan) in Yongnian County, Hebei Province. At this point, the first period of great development and popularization began in the history of Tai Ji Chuan. Today, the spread of Tai Ji Chuan on such a large scale is directly related to Chen Changxing's custom of breaking family heirlooms and not passing on foreign surnames, and its contribution will never be lost.
Chen Youben (-), the 14th Chen, was born as a Taoist. Following his father, Tai Ji Chuan made great achievements. In addition to completely retaining and inheriting the ancestral boxing frame (hereinafter referred to as small frame or small circle), he was not limited by it and had many innovations. At that time, there were many people who were good at Tai Ji Chuan, such as Chen Zhonggan, Chen and Chen Qing. Chen Changxing's son Chen Gengyun also studied with him.
Chen Qingping (-), the 15th Chen, lives in Zhaobao Town, Wenxian County, 2.5 kilometers away from the Chen family. He modified his ancestral Tai Ji Chuan (small frame) routine, formed a small and compact practice routine, gradually added circles, from simple to complex, and constantly improved his boxing skills. The locals call Tai Ji Chuan the Zhaobao Street Rack.
(1600- 1600) Chen was ordered by his father when he was a teenager, and he was both civil and military. In his later years, he deeply felt that although the biography of Chen Tai Ji was passed down by mouth, there were few written works, which was not conducive to its wide spread. In order to expound the ancestral Tai Ji Chuan theory, he worked behind closed doors and completed four volumes of Illustration of Chen Tai Ji Chuan and six volumes of Chen Tai Ji Chuan Yi Xiang Shu in 12 years, which comprehensively combed the boxing experience accumulated in the Chen Dynasty. Based on Yi Li's theory, Yin-Yang theory, Meridian theory and the establishment of winding strength school, his works comprehensively expounded the theoretical system of Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan, and set up an outstanding monument for Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan's theoretical treasure house. His other works include Chen Jiaqi and 336 Boxing Score.
Chen Fake (-), the 17th Chen, is a representative figure of modern Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan and has made outstanding contributions to the development and dissemination of Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan. During the Boxing Dynasty (1900 to 1920), Chen Fake was famous for his noble martial arts, superb skills and superb fighting skills, and was widely respected by the world, enjoying high prestige in the Wulin. Professor Chen Fake has many apprentices, including Gu, Hong, Tian Xiuchen, Lei Muni, Xiao Qinglin, and his sons, Zhao Kui and Nv.
Zhao Chen Pi (-), the 18th Chen, has a good reputation. In the autumn of 2008, he went to Peiping to lecture boxing at the invitation of Le Le, the boss of Beiping Tongrentang. Li Jingzhuang (word Qinglin), a fellow countryman, published an article in Beiping Evening News (10) to promote his boxing skills. And set up a 7-day ring. You win without a horse. Later, at the invitation of the governor of Nanjing, he gave boxing in Nanjing, and the boxing methods were widely distributed. He is the author of Tai Ji Chuan and Hui Zong, An Introduction to Tai Ji Chuan, Illustration of Tai Ji Chuan and Thirteen Articles of Tai Ji Chuan. Wang Xian, Zhu Tiancai, Chen Xiaowang and Chen Zhenglei have been awarded excellent kung fu skills, and they are known as the "Four donkey kong" of Chen Tai Ji Chuan at home and abroad. Mr. Zhao Pi is a great master of Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan. He is kind to future generations, tireless in teaching others and noble in martial arts.
The boxing and mechanical routines of Chenjiagou are as follows: Laojia No.1 and No.2 (cannon hammer); New frames 1 and 2 (gun hammer); Small frame one, two, five pushing methods, Tai Chi single knife, double knife, single sword, double sword, double mace, pear flower gun, white ape stick, spring and autumn broadsword, four strokes, eight strokes, thirteen strokes and so on.