Basic principles. Adhere to the people-oriented principle and focus on solving major practical problems. Starting from the hot and difficult issues that people care about, we should try our best to break down the obstacles of system and mechanism, try our best to solve deep-seated contradictions, regard people's satisfaction as the fundamental criterion for testing education reform, and take promoting people's all-round development and adapting to economic and social needs as the starting point and the end result of promoting education system reform. Adhere to overall planning and ensure the coordinated and orderly progress of reform. Do a good job in the overall design, correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability, combine current and long-term considerations, combine comprehensive reform with special reform, focus on key areas and weak links that have a bearing on the overall situation, and advance smoothly in a planned and step-by-step manner to ensure the scientific and systematic reform. Adhere to local conditions and encourage local schools to experiment boldly. It is necessary to combine the overall deployment with local pilot projects, give full play to the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of local schools, teachers and students, encourage local schools to closely integrate with reality, actively explore and be brave in innovation, enhance the internal motivation of educational reform and development, and form a good situation for the whole society to promote educational reform.
Edit this paragraph II. Key task
(A) training system reform
1. Promote the reform of teaching contents and methods. Organize a big discussion on educational ideas and teaching methods. Reform teaching content, teaching methods and evaluation system. Explore effective ways and methods to reduce the schoolwork burden of primary and secondary school students and promote quality education. Improve the national basic education curriculum and teaching material management system. To adapt to the requirements of the times and the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, systematically plan moral education courses in universities, primary and secondary schools. Strengthen the curriculum construction of national unity education. Improve the curriculum system of bilingual education in ethnic areas and ethnic classes in the mainland.
2. Promote the reform of the college entrance examination system. The establishment of the National Education Examination Steering Committee. Study and further promote the reform of college entrance examination system. We will deepen the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination and the independent selection and admission reform of colleges and universities, and expand the pilot reform of the admission mode of undergraduate and higher vocational classified examinations. Improve the examination enrollment information release system.
3. Innovative talent training mode. Piloting the reform of the training mode of top-notch innovative talents. Start a new round of postgraduate education innovation plan and comprehensively promote the reform of postgraduate training mechanism. We will carry out a comprehensive reform pilot of postgraduate professional degree training mode and optimize the structure of postgraduate training types. Explore and improve the system and mechanism of joint training of doctoral students between scientific research institutes and universities. Carry out the "985 Project" construction reform and innovation pilot. Initiate the implementation of the education and training plan for outstanding engineers and doctors, and promote the reform of engineering education and medical education.
4. Explore the construction of talent growth overpass. We will carry out pilot projects to link secondary vocational education with higher vocational education and continuing education. Explore the establishment of learning achievement certification and "credit bank" system. We will carry out pilot programs for certification, credit accumulation and conversion of continuing education courses in colleges and universities. To study and formulate the curriculum reform plan of higher education self-study examination specialty. Innovate the working mechanism and carry out the pilot project of building a learning society.
(B) School-running system reform
1. Reform the mode of running vocational education. Explore the mechanism for the government, industry, enterprises and all sectors of society to jointly undertake the basic capacity building of vocational education. Promote school-enterprise cooperation, improve the system and mechanism of vocational education collectivization, and promote resource sharing and win-win cooperation. Study and formulate policies and measures to further promote the joint enrollment cooperation between the eastern and western, urban and rural secondary vocational schools, and expand the scope and scale of cooperation. Revise the professional catalogue of vocational education.
2. Implement the autonomy of running colleges and universities. Piloting the reform of internal governance structure in colleges and universities. Promote the establishment and perfection of university statutes. Establishing the system of chief accountant in colleges and universities. Adjust the catalogue of higher education disciplines and specialties, reform the management mode of specialty setting, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of specialty setting to meet the needs of economic and social development.
3. Improve the development environment of private education. Clean up and correct policies and practices that discriminate against private education. Piloting classified management of for-profit and non-profit private schools. Explore the specific policies of public finance to support private education. Improve the financial, accounting and asset management systems of private education. Explore the effective ways of management and development of independent colleges.
4. Improve the level of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools. Improve the management measures for examination and approval of Chinese-foreign cooperative education and explore the establishment of a quality assurance system. Introduce high-quality educational resources. To formulate cooperation programs for foreign high-level universities to run schools in China. Improve policies and expand the scale of studying in China.
(C) management system reform
1. Clarify the responsibility of the government to develop preschool education. Explore the measures and systems for the government to organize and encourage social forces to run parks. Study and formulate standardized management opinions for kindergartens.
2. Promote the balanced development of compulsory education. Various ways to solve the problem of choosing schools. Promote the standardization of primary and secondary schools. Explore effective ways to integrate urban and rural education. Promote the flow of principals and teachers in the region. Expand the enrollment quota of high-quality high schools and rationally allocate them to junior high schools in the region. Explore various forms of running public schools and expand the coverage of quality education resources. Explore ways for children of floating population to receive compulsory education and take entrance examinations equally in the inflow areas. Explore effective ways and mechanisms to promote educational counterpart support, exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and ethnic minority areas.
3. Improve the management of higher education. Carry out classified guidance and management pilot projects in colleges and universities. Promote the construction of industries, localities and universities, explore a new model of * * *, and establish a long-term mechanism of Industry-University-Research League. Formulate specific measures for the provincial government to approve the establishment of institutions of higher learning and implement university education according to law. Reform the examination system of degree authorization, and strengthen the overall authority of the provincial government to add degree authorization points in the region. Expand the autonomy of graduate school units to set up doctoral degree authorization points. The establishment of higher education funding advisory committee. Formulate policies and measures to gradually narrow the regional gap in college admission opportunities.
4. Deepen the reform of education management. Study and formulate basic standards for education quality. Establish a national education quality monitoring and evaluation institution. Strengthen educational supervision and explore the system and mechanism to effectively perform the supervision function. To study and formulate evaluation methods for local governments to fulfill their educational responsibilities.
(4) Reform the safeguard mechanism
1. Strengthen the construction of teachers. Focus on strengthening the construction of rural teachers. Study and formulate specific measures for outstanding teachers to teach in poor rural areas. Piloting the special post allowance for teachers in rural remote areas. Piloting the construction of rural school teachers' turnover rooms. Study and formulate open recruitment methods for primary and secondary school teachers. Further establish and improve the teacher qualification system, and start the pilot system of teacher qualification registration. Explore the principal rank system in primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools. Formulate and implement the training plan for primary and secondary school teachers and principals. To carry out the study and training of principals and key teachers of universities, primary and secondary schools abroad. Establish and improve the enterprise practice system for teachers in vocational schools, and study and formulate management measures for part-time teachers in vocational schools. Comprehensively plan the construction of "bilingual" teachers in ethnic areas and ethnic classes in the mainland, and explore the establishment of a "bilingual" teacher security system.
2. Improve the education investment guarantee mechanism. Piloting the establishment of a long-term mechanism for raising education funds through multiple channels. Explore ways to support education with government revenue as a whole. Establish and improve the performance evaluation of education investment, and strengthen the management and supervision of the use of funds. Formulate the basic standards of per capita funding and per capita financial allocation for schools of all levels and types. We will improve the financial aid system for students from poor families and establish and improve financial aid policies for students at all levels.
3. Accelerate the informationization of education. Start the top-level design of the national "Golden Education" project. Establish a national quality education resource center. Focus on strengthening the construction of information infrastructure in rural schools. Explore the construction mode of open university.
4. Strengthen the construction of study style and clean government. Improve the quality and contribution-oriented academic evaluation mechanism. Explore the establishment of a supervision and investigation mechanism for academic misconduct. Improve the education system of punishing and preventing corruption, and improve the risk prevention mechanism of clean government in colleges and universities.
5. Promote education publishing and the reform of affiliated hospitals in colleges and universities. Deepen the reform of publishing system, realize enterprise transformation, and set up China Education Publishing Group. To study and formulate opinions on the reform of the management system of affiliated hospitals in colleges and universities, and strengthen the cultivation of clinical ability of medical talents.
Edit the third paragraph. job requirement
(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. All localities and units should fully understand the urgency, complexity and arduousness of educational system reform, attach great importance to it, carefully plan it, and take it as a major event related to the development of educational science. In accordance with the overall requirements of the country, under the leadership of local party committees and governments, put forward reform opinions that are in line with their own reality, determine reform priorities, formulate reform plans, study reform measures, and pay attention to reform effectiveness. The design of the reform plan and the implementation of the reform pilot must adhere to the scientific spirit, follow objective laws, prevent formalism, and ensure that the reform is actively and steadily promoted.
(2) Carefully organize the pilot. All localities and units should do a good job in the pilot work on the basis of overall consideration and play a leading role in demonstration. To determine the pilot reform, it is necessary to strengthen coordination and guidance, study new situations and problems in a timely manner, and constantly improve reform measures. The localities and units undertaking the national reform pilot task should ensure that the organization, measures and guarantees are in place and carry out the pilot work according to the planned schedule. Good experiences, good practices and good results in the pilot, please submit them to the Ministry of Education in a timely manner.
(3) Do a good job in publicity and promotion. The reform of the education system is very complicated, which is related to the vital interests of the people and has aroused great concern from all walks of life. Before the introduction of major policies, we should fully demonstrate, carry forward democracy and gather the wisdom of the people. New ideas, new methods and new measures emerging in the practice of reform should be protected and supported as long as they are conducive to the development of educational science. We should respect teachers' initiative, conscientiously sum up the successful experiences of various schools, organize exchanges and actively promote them. It is necessary to do more work to ask questions from the people, to publicize policies, to solve doubts and doubts, to enhance understanding and unify thoughts, and to create a good atmosphere in which the whole society cares, attaches importance to and supports educational reform.