Question 2: How to improve the innovation ability and independent innovation ability of enterprises and establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented and Industry-University-Research as the combination is the fundamental way for enterprises to survive, develop and improve their comprehensive competitiveness, the urgent requirement for strengthening their independent innovation ability and building an innovative country, and the urgent task for coping with the international financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development. In recent years, the enthusiasm of China enterprises for technological innovation has increased rapidly, but overall, the technological innovation ability of China enterprises is still relatively weak. It is necessary to accelerate the technological innovation project, comprehensively use diversified support means such as policy, investment, finance and service, and guide all kinds of innovation elements to gather in enterprises, so that enterprises can truly become the main body of R&D investment, technological innovation activities and application of innovation results.
First, improve and implement relevant policies to encourage independent innovation of enterprises. Further implement the supporting policies of the planning outline and its implementation rules, especially the relevant policies such as tax incentives, financial support and * * * procurement to encourage enterprises to innovate independently, strengthen the publicity and training of policies, so that enterprises can truly enjoy the benefits brought by policies, encourage enterprises to increase investment in research and development, and improve their independent innovation ability. Do a good job in the evaluation and supervision of policy implementation, establish a long-term mechanism for policy follow-up research and continuous improvement, and improve and perfect the policy system in practice.
The second is to increase support for technological innovation of enterprises. Support enterprises to undertake more national and local major scientific and technological projects. Encourage scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning to open to enterprises and enjoy scientific and technological resources. Build a number of enterprise-oriented technological innovation service platforms to help enterprises develop new products, adjust product structure, innovate management and open up markets, and enhance their core competitiveness. Build a number of industrial technology innovation strategic alliances to promote the close integration of Industry-University-Research. We will increase financial support for technological innovation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, establish and improve a scientific and technological investment and financing system and venture capital mechanism to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, develop scientific and technological intermediary service institutions, and support and expand a number of small and medium-sized enterprises with innovative ability and independent intellectual property rights.
The third is to strengthen the research and development conditions of enterprises and the construction of talent team. Accelerate the construction of innovative enterprises. Establish national key laboratories, engineering centers and other bases in qualified enterprises, encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions to jointly build various R&D institutions, and support the R&D capacity building of enterprises. Encourage enterprises to introduce overseas high-level talents, carry out all kinds of talent training, and cooperate with universities and research institutes to cultivate technical talents. Encourage enterprises to explore the establishment of knowledge, technology, management and other factors to participate in the distribution system and measures.
Fourth, organize and mobilize scientific and technological personnel from scientific research institutes and universities to go deep into enterprises to carry out diversified innovative and entrepreneurial services. Using science and technology intermediaries and technology transfer institutions to build a two-way information exchange platform for scientific and technological personnel and enterprises, and form a long-term mechanism for scientific and technological personnel to serve enterprises. Select a group of scientific and technological personnel from scientific research institutes and universities to enter enterprises to develop technologies and products. In particular, scientific and technological personnel are encouraged to bring technology and products into enterprises for promotion and application. Encourage scientific and technological personnel to directly establish small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises to promote scientific and technological entrepreneurship.
Question 3: The innovation type of enterprise's innovation ability. The input of innovation resources refers to the acquisition of scarce production factors and the input into innovation activities, while the input capacity of innovation resources refers to the quantity and quality of the input innovation resources. Knowledge economy emphasizes that knowledge is the most important economic resource. However, the importance of knowledge lies not only in the possession and control of knowledge, but also in the ability behind knowledge and its play. Moreover, the profits of enterprises are mainly attributed to the increase in income brought about by the massive investment in knowledge and intelligence. Therefore, in the post-industrial society, it is more complicated to measure the quantity and quality of resource input, mainly reflecting its differences from the operating efficiency and benefit of enterprises. The ability to realize innovation is relative to the innovation process. From the process of technological innovation, it basically goes through several stages, that is, getting ideas or new ideas from basic research and applied research, and then developing models, samples or experimental data through research. After the pilot process, new products are finally produced and put into the market, and innovative benefits are obtained in marketing. According to the innovation process, it can be considered that the innovation realization ability includes: ① enterprise R&D ability. R&D capability is the result of the accumulation of innovative resources. However, the investment ability of innovative resources cannot replace the research and development ability. The former emphasizes both R&D investment and non-R&D investment, while the latter emphasizes R&D output. ② Production capacity. Production capacity refers to the ability to transform research and development results from laboratory results into batch products that meet the design requirements; 3 marketing ability. The marketing ability required by innovation not only refers to the sales ability of products after they are developed, but also includes the ability to study the market, make consumers accept new products, improve products through the feedback of enterprise users and competitors, so as to increase market share and expand the market scope of new products.
Question 4: The basic meaning of enterprise's innovation ability includes: first, whether the enterprise can transform scientific concepts into products developed by users, and produce, manufacture and provide them to consumers; Second, whether the products provided by enterprises can be recognized by users and whether enterprises can effectively persuade users to accept their own products; Third, whether the enterprise can effectively manage this process and get a certain financial return.
Question 5: Case analysis of enterprise innovation ability The formation of innovation ability of small and medium-sized enterprises is influenced by external factors and internal factors, such as * * * support, enterprise talent structure, enterprise leadership support and so on. At present, although major innovations in some countries come from small and medium-sized enterprises, we should be soberly aware that there are various deficiencies in the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) Insufficient innovation motivation. Because of the high cost and high risk of innovation, many small and medium-sized enterprises are unwilling to take the road of innovation. (2)R&D ability is insufficient. Taking the penetration rate of enterprise R&D institutions as an example, 99% of small and medium-sized enterprises in China have no R&D institutions. In Japan, quite a few enterprises have their own R&D institutions. (3) Lack of high-quality talents. Many small and medium-sized enterprises employ a large number of people with low academic qualifications instead of those with medium and high academic qualifications for cost reasons. For example, in the education distribution of financial personnel in small and medium-sized enterprises, the proportion of people with different education in the whole financial personnel is: technical secondary school 65%, technical secondary school below 5%, junior college 25%, and bachelor degree or above only 5%. (4) Lack of scientific management. Most small and medium-sized enterprises in China are in the stage of experience management, with extensive management and lack of modern management concepts and methods. (5) Insufficient funds. Small and medium-sized enterprises invest little in innovation and R&D every year, and R&D investment only accounts for about 3% of sales revenue. (6) The atmosphere of innovation culture is not strong. At present, most employees in China think that innovation is only a matter of R&D department, and it has nothing to do with themselves. No one has a cultural atmosphere of innovative ideas. This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises, which do not encourage employees to participate in the process of enterprise innovation. 1. It has become a world trend to cultivate innovative cooperation mechanisms for small and medium-sized enterprises. Due to the impact of the financial crisis, cooperation between enterprises, enterprises and * * *, enterprises and institutions should be strengthened. Because there are many shortcomings in the innovation of a single small and medium-sized enterprise, such as insufficient funds and high innovation risks, it is even more necessary to cultivate innovation cooperation. (1) Small and medium-sized enterprise cooperation. In the cold winter of the financial crisis, especially the small and medium-sized enterprises in the same industry, should not fight each other in innovation, but get together to keep warm. Peer enterprises have strong technical complementarities, and the integration of technologies is easy to achieve. Cooperation can greatly improve the competitiveness of two or more parties. In particular, some large-scale innovation projects require a lot of capital investment, and individual enterprises often lack the ability. If SMEs cooperate, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Small and medium-sized enterprises can adopt the following innovative cooperation modes: setting up a technology consortium to jointly introduce key issues. (2) Cooperation between SMEs and * * *. Because * * * often implements large-scale innovation projects, enterprises and institutions will be invited to participate. On the one hand, this cooperation should be beneficial to small and medium-sized enterprises; On the other hand, small and medium-sized enterprises should also participate in some large-scale innovation projects, cultivate their own innovation ability and make themselves have their own core competence, so that they will not be in an unfavorable situation in market competition. (3) Cooperation between SMEs and universities. There are more high-tech talents in universities than in enterprises. The cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises and universities can make full use of the talent resources of universities on the one hand, and solve the shortcomings of small and medium-sized enterprises in innovation on the other. Cooperation can be in the following ways: (1) Establish joint development bases, such as those of Haier and Peking University, to realize innovation in Herdo. ② Enterprises use universities to train the talents they need. Wuhu Chery cooperated with Wuhu Vocational and Technical College, and used colleges and universities to cultivate oriented talents in automobile for itself, thus solving the problem of talent shortage. 2. Build an innovative service system for small and medium-sized enterprises and improve the system of laws and regulations. To build an innovative service system is to strengthen the formation of an innovative and entrepreneurial environment with innovative clusters as the core. At this stage, we will focus on various high-tech industrialization bases and cultivate and develop various types of innovative organizations through the guidance of public policies. In today's financial crisis, it is necessary to build an innovative service system for small and medium-sized enterprises and improve the legal and regulatory system. (1) Establish a credit guarantee system for all small and medium-sized enterprises. The working departments of small and medium-sized enterprises in national and provincial organs at all levels should establish credit files of small and medium-sized enterprises as soon as possible, realize open information sharing, guide small and medium-sized enterprises to operate in good faith, and strengthen the construction of credit evaluation mechanism for small and medium-sized enterprises. Funded or authorized by the central government and provinces at all levels, commercial banks, local guarantee companies and venture capitalists will be attracted to participate in the stock market, and joint-stock and market-oriented national and provincial re-guarantee companies will be established to provide loan guarantees for some credit-worthy SMEs' innovative activities. (2) Expand financing channels and venture capital system for SMEs. Build a multi-level capital market and encourage qualified small and medium-sized enterprises ... >>
Question 6: Introduction of enterprise innovation ability; The innovation ability of an enterprise refers to the degree to which an enterprise can systematically complete various activities related to innovation.
Question 7: What are the relevant materials for evaluating the innovation ability of enterprises? For enterprises, the evaluation of innovation ability should first be divided into management ability innovation and technical ability innovation.
Management innovation includes: 1, both per capita output value and per capita profit have increased; 2. Is the production unit cost declining? 3. Is the employee retention rate good? ...
Technological innovations include: 1, whether the proportion of new product sales to the total sales of enterprises has increased, 2, whether the proportion of R&D investment has increased, 3, the advanced nature of projects under research, and 4, the number of declared intellectual property rights. ...
Every enterprise has its own characteristics. Please modify the indicators and projects according to the characteristics of your own enterprise.
Question 8: The innovation capability matrix of enterprise innovation capability can describe the present situation of enterprise innovation through two dimensions: technical capability and market capability. We open up technological capabilities along the value chain of enterprise business activities, which are divided into technology development, product design and manufacturing; The ability to open up the market along the value chain of enterprise business activities is divided into product definition, product marketing and sales execution. In a market with unclear specialization, such as complete vertical integration, production and sales are undoubtedly the most basic capabilities of enterprises. With the intensification of competition, product pricing, promotion, advertising, service and other marketing activities are undoubtedly very important for enterprises to enhance their visibility and obtain the maximum value. However, under the condition of homogeneous product competition, the space brought by marketing is still very limited. This requires enterprises to have the ability to develop differentiated products, which is reflected in product performance, design and user interface. It is not enough to have technical product design ability. Enterprises must also ensure that the product portfolio they develop can better meet the needs of different users, that is, appropriate product definitions. Technology research and development is one of the important means to support enterprises to have long-term competitive advantages in industries with technical barriers. There are two points to explain here: (1) In the innovation activities of enterprises, technology and market are always two very important capabilities, and they are indispensable. Moreover, technical activities and market activities are always interrelated and never isolated. Taking product innovation as an example, in the initial stage of product development, enterprises need to understand user needs, develop product concepts, define products, and answer questions such as who customers are, competitive attributes and core values of products. An accurate grasp of these problems requires the market ability of enterprises and technical departments to answer feasible questions. Product design and technology research and development will play an important role when defining the product concept and entering the realization stage, but at this time, it is also necessary for marketers to coordinate together, such as the unification of product design and corporate image in the later marketing. In this sense, the innovation ability of enterprises is the organic integration of various technical capabilities and market capabilities. The discussion on the integration ability itself is an important topic, and I won't repeat it here because of the limitation of space. (2) With the increase of complexity and the refinement of division of labor, vertical specialization has become an inevitable trend in many fields. Or take product innovation as an example, a considerable part of product innovation can not be completed by a single enterprise. For example, a mobile phone manufacturer, which has a free brand, does its own demand analysis, product definition and product marketing; However, its core chip may come from enterprises, mobile phone design comes from design companies, production is completed by foundries, and sales channels are partially outsourced. Therefore, the ability of enterprises is also highly specialized and decentralized. Even so, in our country, such specialized division of labor is the product of specific historical conditions.
Question 9: How to write "Deke Consulting" about the innovation ability of high-tech application materials enterprises in China?
Question 10: How to improve the innovation ability of enterprises? On the one hand, the proportion of R&D expenditure in the total cost is increasing. In 2004, the total expenditure of national R&D funds was 65.438+096.63 billion yuan, accounting for 65.438+0.23% of the GDP of that year, of which the expenditure of enterprises was 65.438+0365.438+40 million yuan, accounting for 66.8% of the total expenditure. On the other hand, enterprises are playing an increasingly prominent role in promoting high-tech industrialization and leading the direction of technological innovation. However, on the whole, the independent innovation ability of enterprises is still very weak, the proportion of independent intellectual property rights, independent brands and high value-added products is low, and the international competitiveness is not strong. There is also a problem that the utilization of foreign capital is out of line with the adjustment of product structure and the enhancement of independent innovation ability of enterprises. Wang Yiming: Undoubtedly, the key to improving the capability of independent innovation lies in enterprises. Enterprises need to strengthen the consciousness of innovation subject, strengthen the construction of innovation ability, strengthen the innovation incentive mechanism, cultivate the innovation culture of enterprises, and integrate and utilize external technical resources. However, this does not mean that all levels of * * * need not bear relevant responsibilities. The responsibility of * * * lies in system construction and improving the environment, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm of independent innovation of enterprises. First, all levels should strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. For enterprises, innovation not only means a lot of investment, but also bears great risks. To encourage enterprises to innovate, it is necessary to let enterprises get benefits and compensation. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the improvement of relevant laws and regulations and strengthen the enforcement of intellectual property protection. At the same time, it is necessary to improve and perfect the way of intellectual property protection, such as appropriately adjusting the standards of patent application fee and patent annual fee, shortening the period of infringement litigation and reducing the cost of protected persons. It is also necessary to improve the intellectual property service system, increase the investment in public information network construction and services, and strengthen the guidance and services for intellectual property work of small and medium-sized enterprises. Xue Xiaohe: What you said is very important. Only by protecting intellectual property rights can we put an end to plagiarism, counterfeiting and illegal imitation, and enterprises holding patents can maintain pricing power and profit rate, thus recovering a large amount of upfront investment. Wang Yiming: Secondly, through planning and coordination, we will promote the overall breakthrough of the technology chain. Modern industrial technology usually exists in the form of technology chain, and it is difficult for a single technological innovation to achieve benefits, which requires an overall breakthrough in the technology chain. Therefore, it is necessary to guide and coordinate the division of labor and cooperation among enterprises in innovation activities, establish and develop enterprise innovation strategic alliances, and promote the formation of innovation chain with large enterprises as the leader. Small and medium-sized enterprises can obtain the effect of technology diffusion by participating in the division of labor and cooperation of large enterprises, so that enterprises in different links of the technology chain can share the benefits of innovation and promote the overall breakthrough of industries and key technologies. Third, we should increase the input and supply of sex technology. For example, strengthen the legislative work of financial direct investment in technology research and development, and clarify the responsibilities and obligations of * * * to support technology research and development; Strengthen the effective organization of technology research and development, and give priority to supporting strategic technologies and key technologies; Through * * * procurement, promote the transfer and diffusion of * * * technology, and give play to the social and economic benefits of * * * technology. In addition, national science and technology plans and major science and technology projects, especially those with market application prospects, should also take enterprises as the main body, and enterprises should take the lead in reporting organizations, forming a mechanism for enterprises to take the lead in implementing major national science and technology projects, and at the same time make the projects better face industrial development and market demand. It is also necessary to support enterprises to establish R&D institutions and increase R&D investment, establish national engineering technology centers and industrialization bases in qualified enterprises, attract scientific and technological talents to flow to enterprises, and cultivate a number of large enterprises that integrate R&D, design and manufacturing and can provide system integration services; Support and help enterprises to improve the level of R&D personnel, and encourage universities and research institutes to attract enterprise R&D personnel to participate in scientific research activities through financial subsidies. Xue Xiaohe: To improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises, we also need to create a good fiscal, taxation and financial policy environment. Wang Yiming: Yes. In finance, taxation, finance and procurement, there should be incentive policies to promote independent innovation of enterprises. In finance and taxation, we should gradually promote the implementation of consumption-oriented value-added tax, increase the pre-tax deduction of R&D investment of enterprises, allow enterprises to accelerate the depreciation of R&D equipment, and continue to improve and implement preferential tax policies to promote the development of high-tech enterprises. In finance, we should guide all kinds of financial institutions to support independent innovation and industrialization of enterprises, continue to promote the construction of the Growth Enterprise Market, and encourage qualified high-tech enterprises to list on the SME board. * * * In terms of procurement, products with independent intellectual property rights will be included in the * * * procurement priority list, and products with independent intellectual property rights will be given priority in procurement activities and major national project construction using * * * funds, and through the demonstration of * * * procurement ... >>