1, give a correct orientation to the e-government project.
2, determine the goal of e-government.
3, choose the right breakthrough.
4, the implementation of e-government talent strategy.
5, highlight the characteristics of China and local characteristics.
6, e-government from the software breakthrough.
The specific explanation is as follows:
-
Six tasks should be done well in the construction of e-government
Author: Anonymous source: CCID.com April 5, 2004.
The success of e-government involves two aspects, one is the degree of government application, and the other is the degree of public acceptance. Among them, the degree of government application is the basis of the development of e-government, and the degree of public acceptance may become the biggest challenge that hinders the development of e-government in China. The effective way to improve the degree of government application and public acceptance is to develop and apply appropriate application software, embody national standards and local characteristics, restrain people's behavior, standardize our work, realize international integration, guide people to adapt to the electronic information society, and realize the perfect combination of e-government.
Unfortunately, some e-government solution providers, in order to cater to customers' psychology, pay less attention to the rationality of the government demand base, and more focus on developing e-government application software based on the existing institutional processes and implementing so-called electronization. "Function changes to demand, demand changes to project", "technical scheme planning", "lack of communication between business and senior management" and "lack of flexible strategies in information security and standardization" are typical problems encountered in the construction of e-government in China at this stage.
How can we make a breakthrough in e-government construction? I think we need to do the following work:
Correctly positioning e-government projects
Due to lack of experience, the most common mistake we make is to underestimate the difficulties and risks, which will give e-government projects too high a position. We will give e-government projects too many things that cannot be realized, or things that cannot be realized in the near future. Too high a position is often the root of failure and waste. We often think that what e-government lacks is only funds. As long as there is funds, we can do anything. This is far from the truth. The greater difficulty is the lack of talents and experience, and the absence of classes in the transformation of government affairs. We have almost no ability to control the improvements that need to be made. What needs to be done is beyond our control, so that we can't get any benefits because we can't match it.
Compared with developed countries' e-government programs, many domestic e-government programs are obviously different: our projects are often very macro, with huge functions and benefits, while foreign projects are very specific, and they focus on making a specific service thorough and thorough. And we always seem to be doing the overall framework construction. The project involves many aspects, but everything is not done deeply.
The reason why there is such a big difference in the scheme lies in our lack of correct positioning of e-government projects. We don't know how much we can do. People who have really had successful experience will realize that it is not easy to get the benefits of e-government and it needs to be done in many supporting links. An overall plan that covers everything is meaningless. The effective way is to choose a project that can achieve the best application effect, and do all the links deeply, thoroughly and well. A project succeeds and then expands.
Set the goal of e-government lower and choose smaller projects, and the loss will not be too great. It's not too late to expand after we have the ability. If the positioning is too high, it will be dangerous. The failure of e-government almost always begins with ignorance.
Set goals for e-government
In view of the difficulty of e-government benefit evaluation, it is necessary to set goals for e-government in order to make e-government benefit evaluation operable and measurable. The goal is hierarchical, and a long-term goal may be relatively large, but it must be refined and refined to each stage. If the overall goal is a big ladder, then the project goal is every step on the ladder. You can't feel the big ladder clearly, but every step must be clear, "otherwise you may fall to your death."
Another advantage of setting goals is that e-government can be adjusted at any time during the construction process. We don't have to worry about the first design. What may be designed is uncertain, but there is a mechanism that we can take a few steps forward and adjust at any time. In this way, although the ultimate goal has not been achieved, every step of our goal is being achieved and is in progress.
The key now is to determine the first goal of e-government, that is, to find the first step of e-government. The core of e-government is to improve the communication between government and society. OA can do other things such as improving efficiency, and there is no need to mention the height of e-government.
Choose the right breakthrough
The interaction and integrated application construction within and between government departments is the foundation and core of e-government. Interactive online office system is helpful to break the limitation of separation of time, space and departments, and transform the management and service functions of government agencies from the traditional manual, paper and closed operation mode to an automatic, electronic and open mode, and realize it on the network. Obviously, the interactive network office system will become a hot demand in the next few years. On the basis of building the government public information website, that is, the government extranet, we can take the paperless office of the government intranet as the starting point and make a breakthrough by choosing the appropriate application software.
Implementing the talent strategy of e-government
The construction of e-government is essentially a combination of information technology and government work, which requires government workers to master certain information technology. Civil servants should never think that they can engage in e-government as long as they are familiar with government affairs and understand the use of computers and networks. To enter the workflow of e-government, users should have comprehensive information management ability and information technology application ability. Only in this way can we ensure the effectiveness of e-government construction.
Imagine the embarrassment and helplessness of a civil servant who doesn't understand information management and information technology working in a completely quantified electronic technology environment; And a civil servant who knows not only information integration technology, but also computer technology, network technology and government workflow is smooth in the working environment of e-government. With such a talent structure, it is possible for the government to improve its management level and serve the society. At present, the composition of Chinese government staff and their knowledge structure are frustrating in most fields. Therefore, the construction of e-government needs a large number of compound talents who know both information technology and government business processes. The construction of e-government needs to cultivate and reserve talents first.
Highlight China characteristics and local characteristics.
Many people say that foreign good things change when they arrive in China. E-government is really a good thing, will it go bad in China? This kind of worry is not unreasonable. In this regard, we should take into account the specific national conditions and local characteristics of China.
E-government is an advanced administrative means based on the network environment, but without the network environment, this administrative means will be impossible. However, at present, in China, even for a long time, there will still be many rural and remote areas without network administration. For China's e-government, it is the premise to do well in e-government to consider its China characteristics and pay attention to China characteristics, regional diversity, imbalance and population quality diversity.
Therefore, when building e-government, we must fully consider the local actual situation and seamlessly connect with local traditional government affairs. We can't exclude many people from politics because of the development of e-government. Promoting e-government is also a very important political art.
E-government breaks through from software.
For most local governments in China, they do not have the ability to independently develop software. Therefore, it is the first choice to choose a powerful software company, adopt software outsourcing and customize the software according to local conditions.
Excellent software outsourcing software companies should be able to provide high-quality and low-cost offshore development services on the basis of fully understanding customer needs, so that the government can better focus on its core business. The software outsourcing development process is as follows:
Mutual understanding and communication between customers and software outsourcing companies is a necessary condition to ensure the smooth progress of project cooperation. First, tell the company your requirements, and the company's system analysts will concentrate on your requirements analysis. If the demand specification meets your requirements, the company will provide the government with the resumes of employees with relevant technology and experience to determine the most suitable project development team. After the personnel are determined, the company provides a complete letter of intent for development, mainly to evaluate the project workload. Then enter the stage of analysis and design, and design the user interface and business logic. After the analysis and design are approved by customers, the project enters the implementation stage. The core task of this stage is to develop the program according to the design document. Software testing is divided into two types, namely module unit testing and system comprehensive testing. After the test, submit the Beta version, which is the beta version. After that, improve the software in full feedback and communication.
Excellent e-government software is the golden key to open the door of e-government, and e-government should make a breakthrough in software.
People-oriented, service first
Adhering to the principle of "people-oriented, service-oriented" to promote the construction of e-government in China is the need of China's administrative system reform and the basic requirement of implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, which can not only improve the user satisfaction of e-government services, but also enhance the public's dependence and trust in government services, which is the vitality of e-government in China.
"People-oriented, customer-centered" in e-government is mainly reflected in five aspects:
First, according to the requirements of improving the administrative efficiency of the government, implement e-government, fulfill the requirements of the government, expand the openness of government affairs, respect the public's right to know, establish a service-oriented government, and vigorously develop e-government services.
Second, adhere to demand orientation and develop e-government services. Pay attention to the needs of the public and enterprises, do a good job in demand investigation and analysis, comprehensively plan public services, and give priority to the development of services that users need most urgently and have the most obvious benefits.
Third, respect customers' opinions, actively strive for public participation in e-government construction, and strengthen public supervision over the construction and application of e-government.
Fourth, pay attention to improving the user coverage of e-government, focus on improving the utilization rate of government portals, and regard user utilization rate and user satisfaction as important or even the only criteria for evaluating the performance of e-government.
Fifth, coordinate urban and rural development and regional coordinated development, promote universal service and pay attention to vulnerable groups. Actively develop a variety of terminals, improve people's access to information in remote areas, develop public services according to local conditions, and avoid the "marginalization" of informatization in underdeveloped areas and some people.
Strengthen the strategic awareness and overall thinking of e-government
E-government is changing the way of organizing and providing government services, basically accelerating the flow and enjoyment of information, promoting business cooperation and allocating resources in a wider range.
E-government itself is an organic life, and the value of e-government can only be truly exerted across departments and regions. Judging from the current situation, we still need to cultivate the strategic awareness of government leaders at all levels on the development of e-government. We must straighten out the management system, strengthen the ability of unified command and comprehensive coordination, resolutely break the limitations of departments and regions, be demand-oriented, take the integration of core business and resources as the main line, and jointly build across departments.
It is a scientific method to subdivide users and plan services according to "life cycle method". This method can comprehensively divide the services required by users, which is the embodiment of "people-oriented, service first" and meets the basic requirements of "Scientific Outlook on Development". The development of e-government services in China should further deepen this concept and method.
It is an ideal construction method to divide service projects and provide services according to the life cycle method. Therefore, after comprehensive planning, we must adhere to the principle of demand-oriented, focus on planning service projects that meet the needs of most local users, adjust measures to local conditions, pay attention to development, pay attention to practical results, and comprehensively promote.
Key words of openness, service and participation in e-government
Actively promoting the openness of government affairs and building a transparent government is an important goal of China's e-government construction at this stage, and it is also the requirement of the Administrative Licensing Law and other laws and regulations. Government portal website is an important window to realize the openness of government affairs. Governments at all levels should actively use government websites to urge government departments to actively disclose government information and service information, and accept public supervision while doing a good job.
Judging from the development of global e-government, providing services for the society is the greatest value of e-government. Our government has clearly put forward the requirement of building a service-oriented government, and public service has become an important part of China's e-government construction. With the transformation of government functions, the status of public service in e-government has gradually improved.
E-government can not only enhance the transparency of government affairs and improve the quality of government services, but also serve the needs of China's democratic political construction. The construction of e-government provides many convenient channels for the public to participate in government decision-making. Where the Internet is popular, government websites have gradually become an important channel for the government to communicate with the public. Through the government website, the government can strengthen communication with the public, solicit public opinions, and let people participate in the discussion of state affairs on a larger scale.
The public is the "judge" of the performance of e-government.
E-government performance refers to the degree of realization of e-government objectives. Judging from the administrative system reform in China, the core goal of e-government in China is to provide higher quality and more efficient public services. Therefore, the core meaning of e-government performance in China refers to the public service level of e-government.
The core meaning of e-government performance refers to the service level of e-government, so the final decision of e-government performance belongs to users. Judging the performance of China's e-government by this standard, we will find that the performance of China's e-government is not ideal. At present, the utilization rate of government portal, the main way of e-government facing the public in China, is very low, which is of course limited to the distribution of Internet users in China. How to improve the performance is a big challenge for the development of e-government in China.
E-government universal service needs "universal" channels.
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, China's e-government has developed rapidly, but at present, the construction of e-government in China basically relies on the Internet and computers, while the development of e-government through telephone, television and other channels is very backward.
In fact, a large number of people in China who need government services are still in the "desert zone" of the Internet and computers. Therefore, at the present stage, e-government relying on the "vigorous development" of the Internet has great limitations, which is the problem of e-government service channels.