First, it is difficult to recruit workers. Small and micro enterprises are mainly engaged in machinery manufacturing, machinery processing, clothing processing, agricultural machinery manufacturing and parts processing. These industries have high technical requirements for jobs and high labor intensity, so unskilled workers can't do it and skilled workers can't stay. The income is not high, the average annual income is about10.5 million, the treatment is not good, there is no "five insurances and one gold", and the accommodation problem cannot be solved. As a result, factory workers are highly mobile, their jobs are unstable, and there is a shortage of labor and it is difficult to recruit workers. At present, with the great development of rural industries, the trend of migrant workers returning to their hometowns for employment is getting hotter and hotter. Their economic income from planting, breeding, cash crops and greenhouse vegetables is much higher than that from going out to work, which further aggravates the employment difficulties of small and micro enterprises mainly recruiting migrant workers.
Second, taxes and fees are high, and the burden on enterprises is heavy. In addition to the current 17% value-added tax, 5% business tax, land use tax, property tax, stamp duty and other dozens of taxes, we must also pay the disabled security fund, trade union funds, river maintenance fees, civil air defense fees, price adjustment funds, social insurance fees and so on. , and calculate the payment according to the number of employees, total wages and sales revenue. Each employee has to pay about 5000 yuan a year. Nowadays, enterprise legal persons have a correct understanding of paying taxes according to law, but they do have difficulties in charging various fees. Taking social insurance premiums as an example, the collection standard is based on the salary actually paid by the enterprise last month and paid at a fixed rate of 20%. The total wages of enterprises are more complicated, including the wages of retired and rehired employees, and the wages of employees who have paid social insurance premiums for flexible employees. In fact, they don't have to pay or have already paid, and the "one size fits all" collection policy makes it difficult for enterprises to accept. This kind of legal and unreasonable payment policy makes life difficult for enterprises. Therefore, many small and micro enterprises are struggling to operate under the heavy tax burden.
Third, there are too many policies and too much supervision. From preparation to operation, an enterprise must go through administrative examination and approval, administrative law enforcement, inspection and fee management by departments of industry and commerce, national tax, local tax, urban construction, urban management, environmental protection, quality supervision, electric power and water conservancy. So many departments have their own terms of reference and rules. In this way, enterprises take turns to check and guide, and it takes a lot of links and time for enterprises to do one thing. In addition, it takes time, energy and financial resources to receive routine inspection and annual inspection once or twice a year. There are also some administrative law enforcement agencies whose sources of funds are not financial allocations, but "two lines of revenue and expenditure". Fines are linked to income, and these departments have become "frequent visitors" to small and micro enterprises.
Fourth, the financing channels are narrow and the cost is high. Lack of funds and financing difficulties are the biggest problems faced by small and micro enterprises. In recent years, affected by the financial crisis, the business situation of enterprises is not good. Products are unsalable, funds are slowly withdrawn, and there is a "triangular debt", which leads to insufficient start-up of enterprises and poor capital chain. However, national commercial banks rarely give small and micro enterprise credit loans from their own business risks. Small and micro enterprises themselves lack assets as collateral and have no support from state-owned financial enterprises. In order to solve the problem of capital shortage, small and micro enterprises have to take underground financing channels and borrow usury to solve the capital demand for start-up and operation, which not only pays 4-5 times higher interest than banks, but also increases operational risks.