Located in the western suburbs of Beijing, the Summer Palace was originally the palace garden of feudal emperors.
Formerly known as Shan Hao Garden. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Qingyi Garden. 1860 was destroyed by the British and French allied forces. Empress Dowager Cixi was rebuilt in 0888 by misappropriating military funds and renamed the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace has a total area of 2.9 million square meters and more than 3,000 palace gardens, accounting for about three quarters of the lake area. There are thousands of views in the park. Shoushan jungle is lush, and Kunming Lake is rippling.
I'll take you to the promenade first.
Enter the gate of the Summer Palace, bypass the main hall and come to the famous promenade. The promenade is 728 meters long and divided into 273 rooms. There are colorful paintings on the sill of each room, depicting people, animals, flowers and scenery. No two of thousands of paintings are the same. There are flowers and trees on both sides of the promenade. Before this flower fades, that flower blooms again. Among them, the story paintings of characters are the most striking. Then.
Cross the promenade and come to the foot of Wanshou Mountain in the center of the Summer Palace. South of Kunming Lake. There are Buddha Pavilion and Paiyun Hall on the mountain. The lush trees on the mountain and the magnificent palace are the concentrated expression of the palace function, religious function and garden function. The magnificent buildings and beautiful scenery here fully demonstrate the royal style of the Forbidden City. Visitors may wish to climb the mountain in person, not only to exercise, but also to enjoy the scenery along the way.
Next, I'd like to introduce Kunming Lake to you. The area of Kunming Lake is about 2 million square meters. There are long banks around the lake, and there is Zhou Shi by the lake. There are several stone bridges with different styles, the most striking of which is the seventeen-hole bridge. There are hundreds of stone pillars on the bridge, and hundreds of lions are carved on them. They are bold and beautiful, some skillfully do all kinds of beautiful movements on hydrangeas, and some are beautiful. The lioness danced and played happily, lovingly stroking the baby, and her eyes showed joy. The golden sunshine shines on these lions, which seems to give them a kind of vitality and pass on the touching stories of the world. Walking on the bridge, you can see the willow trees by the lake. The scenery is charming and it is the most famous attraction of the Summer Palace. Walking through the 17-hole bridge, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the small island in the lake, which has a unique taste.
The beauty of the Summer Palace is inexhaustible, and there are countless sayings. It is no exaggeration to describe her as "unparalleled and unique". She is like a bright pearl, with its atmosphere, exquisiteness and rich cultural background, which deeply attracts Chinese and foreign tourists. I sincerely hope you can enjoy the beauty here, Xiao Liao. I wish you a good time and a full swim.
The entrance of the Summer Palace (East Palace Gate) is a political activity area with Renshou Hall as the main body. Renshou Hall has a wide vestibule, lush pines and cypresses, and rocks and rockeries dotted in it. In front of the steps stood an ancient bronze tripod and a dragon and phoenix. There is a legendary unicorn sitting on a stone pedestal in the yard. The Qing Dynasty was the place where Cixi and Guangxu ministers went to court. Now the hall is still decorated as when the emperor faced the court. Renshou
A circle behind Renshou Hall is the living area where Cixi, Guangxu and their empresses live. This is a group of three large quadrangles consisting of fifty or sixty verandahs. Among them, Le Shou Tang, where Cixi lives, faces Kunming Lake in front, Wanshou Mountain in the back, Deheyuan Theater in the east and the main part of the living area in the west. Le Shoutang is luxuriously furnished. Fish platforms made of pearl agate and jade are useful. On the south side of Renshou Hall is the Magnolia Hall where Guangxu lived. The backyard of Yulantang is Fang Yi Hall where Emperor Guangxu lived. These three courtyards are full of exotic flowers and herbs, especially more than a dozen magnolia trees in front of Leshou Hall. The interiors of Leshou Hall and Yulantang are displayed according to the original life of the Queen. There is a brick wall in the annex hall on both sides of Yulan Hall, which was modified by 1898.
Go straight along the flower stand in the north of Renshoutang, and you can reach Dehe Garden, which consists of Leyitang and Theater. Le Yi Hall displays more than 200 cultural relics. The drama building is very distinctive. It was specially designed for Cixi's theater.
To the west of the residential area is a tourist area, which is the essence of the Summer Palace scenery and is divided into three parts: Wanshou Mountain, Kunming Lake and Houshan Lake.
In front of Wanshou Mountain, a huge main building complex is formed with the Buddha Pavilion with eight sides, three rooms and four eaves as the center. From the "Yunhui Yuyu" archway on the lakeside of Kunming to the north, it passes through Paiyunmen, Ergongmen, Paiyundian, Dehui Hall and Buddha Pavilion, which lead to the mountainside, and reaches the wisdom sea at the top of the mountain, forming a central axis that rises layer by layer. Pai Yun Dian occupies an important position on this central axis, which is the birthday of Cixi. The big oil painting of Cixi in the temple was painted by Ms. Carr of the United States when Cixi was 7 1 in 905.
On the east side of the main building of Wanshou Mountain, there are "Wheel Hidden" and the stone tablet of Kunming Lake in Wanshou Mountain, which is 9.88 meters high. On the west side, there are Wufang Pavilion and Copper Casting Baoyu Pavilion. Baoyu Pavilion is located on a sumeru carved from white marble, with double eaves, rhombic partitions, beams and columns, bucket arches, rafters and plaques, all of which are the same as the wooden structure, with crab green and cold copper, weighing 444,000.
The Buddha Pavilion was built on a hillside more than 60 meters high and 38 meters high. There are four 30-meter-high Optimus Prime in the pavilion, which are made of hard iron pear wood. The shape of Foxiang Pavilion is designed according to the Yellow Crane Tower. Standing in front of the Buddha Pavilion, you can have a panoramic view of the lakes and mountains.
Along the foot of Qian Shan, there is a painted corridor, starting from Yueyue Gate of Leshou Hall in the east, passing through Paiyun Gate, and reaching Zhang Shiting at the western end of Wanshou Mountain, with a total length of 728 meters. There are four octagonal pavilions with double eaves in the middle, which are "Treat Well", "Send Orchid", "Autumn Water" and "Qingyao". Every beam in the corridor is painted with pictures and the scenery of the West Lake.
Wanshou Mountain faces the vast Kunming Lake. From north to south, there are some scenic buildings, such as Zhichun Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion and Kuru Pavilion. Zhichun Pavilion, located on an island south of Yulantang, is surrounded by water and connected with the bridge bank. The pavilion is elegant and chic, with heavy eaves and columns. There is a stone pedestal beside the pavilion, and a bronze cow lies on its back, with its head held high and its ears staring straight at Kunming Lake. Like a rainbow flying over the sparkling blue waves, Nanhu Island is surrounded by stone pillars, and culverts stand tall on the island, hidden among green trees. The west dike of Kunming Lake is modeled after su dike. Peach willows are planted on the embankment, and the famous Six Bridges on the west embankment are hidden among the flowers and willows on the embankment. Among them, the jade belt bridge carved with white marble towering into the sky looks like a jade belt from a distance, with beautiful shape. The waters west of the west dike were flooded again. There is an algae museum in South Lake. Kunming Lake gradually converges from north to south, and the east embankment and the west embankment meet at the southern end of Yixiu Bridge. Kunming Lake flows from under this bridge into the long river leading to Beijing.
In the northwest of Kunming Lake, on the west bank of Wanshou Mountain, there is a Zhou Shi made of white stone called Qingyan Boat. The hull is carved from huge stones, with two cabins and stained glass embedded in the windows.
Behind the mountains and lakes is the unique Jiangnan scenery. In 1860 and 1900, the buildings in Houshan were destroyed twice by imperialist invaders, leaving mostly bare platforms and abandoned foundations, and only many pagodas with stained glass still stand among the green trees. The Xiang Yan Zongyin Pavilion in Houshan and the towers around it used to be a magnificent Tibetan temple. In front of it, there is a three-hole long bridge across the back lake, and to the north of the bridge is the Summer Palace.
At the eastern end of Houhu Lake, there is a garden and a humorous garden called "Garden in the Garden". Tiaoyuanzhai has a higher terrain, facing the street outside the wall in the south. It is said that Cixi watches people go to Miao Feng for a meeting every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, so it is also called "Kanhui Building". The humorous garden was built in imitation of Wuxi Changyuan in Qianlong period, with clear water, graceful lotus leaves and thirteen corridors around the lakeshore.
Wanshou Mountain in Yuan Dynasty was called Wengshan Mountain, and Kunming Lake was called Wengshan Park. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a Yuan Jing Temple on Mount Weng. In the Qing Dynasty, it was called Qingyi Garden. After Wengshan Park was renamed West Lake.
In order to celebrate his mother's 60th birthday, Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty built yanshou temple in Wengshan and changed it to Wanshou Mountain, and renamed Kunming Lake and the whole park of West Lake as Qingyi Garden, following the story of Emperor Wudi practicing as a navy master in Chang 'an Kunming Pool. Qingyi Garden was finally completed in 1764, which took fifteen years and cost more than 4.8 million yuan.
During Empress Dowager Cixi's "Listening to Politics" period, in order to please Empress Dowager Cixi, Prince Yi, the prime minister of naval affairs, began to repair Qingyi Garden in the name of establishing a naval school, and renamed it "Summer Palace", which means "caring for others and making peace". The project lasted nearly ten years and basically ended in 1895. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing, and Cixi fled to xi 'an with Guangxu, and then to the Summer Palace. Spending huge sums of money to repair the Summer Palace has not only become the imperial garden for Cixi to spend the summer vacation, sightseeing and celebrate her birthday in her later years, but also became her palace for internal affairs, diplomacy and political activities. 19 14, the Summer Palace was turned into a royal garden by the Qing royal family. 1924, the late Qing emperor Puyi left Beijing, and the Summer Palace was turned into a park.
On the west side of the Summer Palace, there is Jingming Garden, which is one of the four famous gardens in the suburbs of Beijing.
The Summer Palace is the largest existing royal garden in the world. It was built in the Jin Dynasty, located in the northwest suburb of Beijing, 0/5km away from the urban area/kloc-0, covering an area of 290 hectares. The scenic spot is mainly composed of Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, of which the water area accounts for 3/4 of the whole park. The whole garden is divided into three areas with different functions, namely, the political area centered on Renshou Hall. Living quarters centered on Yulantang, Yiyuntang and Leshoutang; The Summer Palace, with the promenade, Kunming Lake and Suzhou Street as its main tourist areas, combines the beautiful scenery and famous buildings all over the country, and the gardening art of the north and the south, achieving the artistic effect of "although people do things, the garden is like nature".
The Qing Dynasty was its heyday. In order to celebrate his mother's 60th birthday, Emperor Qianlong not only expanded the lake, but also built many buildings in front of and behind the mountain, especially the promenade. Emperor Qianlong dug Kunming Lake into a peach shape, meaning to celebrate his mother's birthday, and renamed Weng Mountain Wanshou Mountain, and called the garden here Qingyi Garden.
Everything has ups and downs. 1860, British and French troops entered Beijing, burning the "three mountains and five gardens" including Qingyi Garden and Yuanmingyuan to a scorched earth. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance set fire to the Summer Palace again, and Empress Dowager Cixi rebuilt it twice. Due to limited financial resources, only the landscape in front of Wanshou Mountain was restored. After liberation, the people's government carried out many repairs to the park.