early ripening varieties
Liu Yuya was discovered in Linfen Fruit Farm of Shanxi Province on 1976 and was identified as 1985.
The fruit is oblate, with an average single fruit weight of 96.9g and a maximum of164.5 g, with a yellow-green background and a full crimson color. Soluble solids 1 1.4%, slightly acidic, fragrant, and above average quality. Mature in mid-June.
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Jinshuiping Hubei Tea and Fruit Research Institute was bred by Daphne× Laoduyu 1964 and named after 1979.
The fruit is short conical, with average single fruit weight 100g and maximum fruit weight 150g. The background color is yellow-green, with red intermittent stripes and thin skin. The pulp is crisp, juicy, sweet and slightly sour; Soluble solids11.5%-13.0%, organic acid 0.25%, fragrant, above average quality. Mature in the middle and late June.
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Tian Huang Kui was bred by Liaoning Fruit Research Institute. Parents are Zhu Huangkui. 1952 hybridization, 1970 naming.
The fruit is oblate and conical, with an average single fruit weight of about 80g, yellow-green peel and reddish stripes on the front. The pulp is loose, sweet and of medium quality. It matured in late June in Zhengzhou and in mid-July in Xiong Yue, Liaoning.
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Cultivars cultivated by Liaoning Fruit Research Institute in Liaofu. The parents were Lao Du× Zhu, and they crossed with 1956, named as 1969.
The fruit is oblate, small, weighing 80- 100 g, with yellow-green skin and slightly dark red stripes on the sunny side, crisp meat, sweet taste and medium quality. At the end of June and the beginning of July, it matured in the old channel area of the Yellow River.
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Zaodongping is a natural hybrid variety named 1987, which was discovered by Shandong Dongping Forestry Bureau in 1986.
The fruit is conical, with an average single fruit weight of 125g and a maximum fruit weight of 208g. The peel is yellow-green, with small fruit point and thin skin. The pulp is crisp, tender and juicy, sweet and sour, with a soluble solid content of 9.2%- 12.0%, rich flavor and excellent quality. Mature in early July.
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Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Fuzhou 1962 was named after Populus davidiana× Golden Crown, 198 1.
The fruit is short conical, weighing 1 16- 165g, yellow-green, and the fruit point is not obvious. The pulp is crisp, juicy and sweet, with soluble solids 1 1.8% and total acid 0. 17%. Mature in early July.
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Dai Lu, named after 1989, was discovered in Shagou Orchard, Huamawan Township, Tai 'an City, Shandong Province in 1974.
The fruit is conical, weighing 94.9g, light green, with medium meat thickness, rich juice, 9.74% soluble solids, sweet flavor, total acid of 0. 13%, and its quality is lower than that of Jinguan. Mature in early July.
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Fu Shuai, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences 1962, 1977 named the long jujube Xu× Jinguan.
The fruit is cone-shaped, weighing 120g, yellow-green, dense and crisp, juicy, sweet and slightly sour, soluble solids 12.0%- 15.5%, organic acids 0. 13%, and fragrant in quality. Mature in the first half of July.
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Ningxia Horticultural Research Institute of Ning Guang was bred by Guoguang natural hybrid seeds after 60Coγ-ray 1500γ radiation in 1960s.
This kind of fruit is sweet in taste and quality. Mature from late July to early August. Strong cold resistance, suitable for development in mountainous areas and cold regions.
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Medium-mature variety
Ningqiu Ningxia Horticultural Research Institute was bred with Jinguan× Hongkui 1970.
The fruit is ovoid, weighing 144.8g, light yellow-green, sunny and with intermittent stripes. The meat is fine, crisp, juicy, sweet and sour, with soluble solids 14%, rich flavor and excellent quality. Mature in mid-August, more frost-resistant.
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Cultivation in Liaoning Fujin Fruit Research Institute. Parents are Marshal Huang Kui. 1954 selected, 1958 commented, original code 343.
The fruit is medium and large, with average single fruit weight 150g, conical and tidy; The surface of the fruit is light yellow with reddish or dark red stripes on the sunny side. The fruit surface is clean, the flesh is light yellow, the meat is crisp, sweet and sour, the flavor is rich, and the quality is above average. It ripens in Zhengzhou in July and in Xiong Yue, Liaoning Province in the middle and late August.
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I hope it originated in the United States, also known as Xia Mei and sugar.
The fruit is of medium size, with an average single fruit weight of 150g, oblong or nearly round. The concave side of the valve stem often has a lip-shaped protrusion. When ripe, the fruit has a yellow-green background color on the surface and dark red stripes between the front faces. The flesh is white, the meat is crisp, the taste is sweet and sour, and the quality is medium to high.
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Xu was originally from Canada.
The fruit is oblate, with an average single fruit weight of 200g and short fruit stalk. Thin skin, yellow-green background, fully colored, completely purple, covered with a layer of gray fruit powder. The pulp is white and soft, sweet and sour, delicious, with special flavor and medium and high quality. Mature in the first half of August.
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The early bud of Marshal Red Star was discovered in Loucun Orchard, Shanzhai Township, Rushan County, Shandong Province in 1972 and named after 1986.
The growth results are like marshal's, and the coloring is very early. Color at the end of June at the earliest, usually in mid-July. The quality is better than that of Marshal and Hongxing, and the soluble solid content is 10.5%.
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Mid-late maturity variety
Longguan Agricultural College of Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province 197 1 was bred by crossing with Jinguan× K9 (fresh in July), named after 1987.
The fruit is oblong and conical, weighing 94.5g, yellow-green, with white or yellow-white flesh. The soluble solids content in fruit juice is 13%, and the organic acid content is 0. 17%. Small stone and good quality. Mature from mid-August to mid-September.
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ruby
The fruit is medium-large, with an average single fruit weight of 150g, nearly round, with the top often truncated, and the concave side often has tumor-like appendages; The background color of the peel is light yellow, full of green and red, and the sunny side is often thick red, which has a beautiful appearance; The flesh is yellow, sometimes with red hue, crisp, sweet and sour, and fragrant. In terms of quality, the old Yellow River region ripens in early September, and the western Liaoning region ripens in late September-65438+1early October.
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R&F originated in the United States and was introduced from the United States around 1940.
The fruit is long and cylindrical, with an average single fruit weight of 65438 0.20 g, and the peel has red halo and dark red intermittent stripes. When fully mature, it is completely red and the fruit surface is beautiful. There are often tumor-like protrusions in the depressions, and there are yellowish brown or reddish spots in the depressions. The flesh is yellow-white, dense, crisp, sweet and of high quality.
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Red Star, an American variety, is a bud mutation of Marshal system.
Marshal (also known as Red Banana and Red Marshal) was discovered in Peru, Iowa, Ai Ou on 188 1, and it was popularized in 1895. Later, bud mutation superior to Red Star and Richared Delicious appeared and was gradually replaced by the latter two.
The fruit is conical, with obvious 5 edges at the top; The average fruit weight is 250g, the peel is yellow-green, covered with bright red Chardonnay, and the red stripes are thick; The new red star is full-scale intense red, and the red crown is full-scale intense red. The pulp is yellow and white, crisp and sweet, with rich flavor and excellent quality. The fruit of 65438- 10 ripens in September and Zhengzhou ripens in early September.
The Bud Mutation Series of Marshal and Red Star:
Mutant strains of bacteria we found in China.
Red rose was found in Dongnangou Orchard, Chengguan Town, Pingyin County, Shandong Province on 1974, with short branches and named after 1979.
Liu Shanxi, discovered in Dong 'ao Orchard, Liulin County, 1978, short-branched, named after 1988.
The mutation of red star bud was discovered in 1973 by Shanxi Fruit Research Institute in Yuhong, and named after 1986.
The bud mutation and short branch of Daihong Red Star found in Houjiadian Orchard, Tai 'an City, Shandong Province, was named 1989.
Variants found in the United States
The bud mutation of Starkrimson, discovered in Shouhong Washington State, is a short-branched variety of the fourth generation marshal line, published in 1976.
Calvin 1964 in Bunyo, Washington, was selected in 197 1 year after the dormant branches of Ding Hong were irradiated, and named after 1975.
Red Star Bud Mutation, discovered in Hong Yan 1967, Maryland, is the third generation short branch variety of Marshal line, named after 1974.
The mutation of red star bud discovered in Super Red Washington Yakima, 1967, is the third generation short-branched variety of Marshal line, named after 1972.
Silver-red sea jujube bud mutation discovered in Chevs Orchard 1976, Zela County, Washington, is the third generation short-branched variety of Marshal system.
Ruby is the fourth generation short branch variety of Marshal introduced by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences 1984, which is a bud mutation variety of Starkrimson.
Newred dwarf was discovered in Washington State 1973, USA, and it is the fourth generation short-branched species of Marshal system. Registered in 1983, 1986 introduced to Tianjin.
Kawara Tsutomu, the fifth generation short branch variety of Marshal, was introduced by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences 1984.
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China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Huaguan Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute was bred by crossing Jinguan× Fuji 1976. Named after 1988.
The fruit is nearly conical, weighing 170g, golden yellow, slightly green, and completely red when fully ripe. The meat is yellow, dense, crisp, juicy, sweet and sour, with soluble solids 14%, rich flavor and excellent quality. Mature in early September.
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Nengguang Heilongjiang Nenjiang Agricultural Research Institute 1957 was bred by crossing Jinguan× Begonia, named as 1980.
The fruit is conical or nearly round, weighing 40.6g, with a maximum of 76.5g, with five protrusions, yellow bottom, bright red color and thick red stripes. The meat is yellow and white, crisp and juicy, with soluble solids 13.75% and acid content of 0.29%. It is sweet and sour and slightly fragrant. Mature in early September. Strong cold resistance.
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COVID-19 Fruit Research Institute of No.7 Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps 1975 was named after Jinguan× Xindong Breeding, 1989.
The fruit is conical, weighing 143g, with a maximum of 235g. The bottom is yellow and the color is flushed. The meat is light yellow, crisp and thin, juicy, with soluble solids 14.7%, sweet and sour, and good quality. Mature in mid-September. Cold tolerance.
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Green banana was bred by Jilin Fruit Research Institute on 1962 with Jinhong×1056 (Guoguang× Hongxing). 1990 identification.
The fruit is oval or conical in shape, weighing 100g, and the largest is 184g. The bottom is yellow-green, reddish to the sunny side, and there are rust spots in the depression. The meat is yellow-white or white-green, crisp and hard, with soluble solids 13.0%- 15.6%, sweet and sour, rich flavor and excellent quality. Mature in mid-September. Cold-resistant, there is no freezing injury in Jilin area.
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Ningxiang Gansu Lingwu Horticultural Field 1960 was selected from Guoguang natural hybrid seeds and named after 1988.
The fruit is short conical or oblate and weighs175-194g. Completely bright red or thick red, with intermittent stripes and thin skin and small fruit points. The meat is yellow-white, crisp and juicy, with soluble solids 13.3% and sugar-acid ratio of 34: 1. It is rich in flavor and excellent in quality. About 10 days earlier than Marshal. It is hardy.
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Golden crown American variety, also known as Marshal Huang. 19 14 was found in an orchard in Clay County, West Virginia, USA.
The resistance of golden crown to brown spot disease is weak, and the fruit rust spot is serious in some provinces, so attention should be paid to the selection of cultivation environment.
The fruit has a long cone shape, slightly ribbed at the top, with an average single fruit weight of 200g g g. The peel is thin and smooth, the background color is green and yellow, and it turns golden yellow after storage, with occasional light blush on the sunny side, yellow and white flesh, crisp meat, sweet and slightly sour taste and fragrant Qingyuan.
Golden crowns are also prone to bud change. Up to 1967, 34 buds have been found, among which the famous ones are Jin dwarf, Stark Jin dwarf, Huang dwarf and Guan.
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Lejin Liaoning Fruit Research Institute was bred by 60Coγ-ray 4500γ-radiation 1979, and was identified in 1989.
The fruit is conical, weighing 180g, yellow-green, with few and small fruit points. The flavor of soluble solids 12.0%- 14.2% is similar to that of golden crown. Mature in late September. Basically does not rust.
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Shanxi Danxia Fruit Tree Research Institute was selected from 1972 golden crown seedlings and named after 1986.
The fruit is conical, weighing 170.6g, with a maximum of 224g, yellow-green background and bright red stripes. The meat is milky white, crisp and juicy, with soluble solids 17%, sweet taste and good quality. Mature in late September.
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Qing Xiang Qingdao Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 1973 was bred by crossing golden crown with green banana and named as 1990.
The fruit is cone-shaped, weighing 2 10g, green, bright and clean without rust, with fine waxy texture, rich and sweet juice, soluble solids 14.5% and total acid 0. 178%. Mature in late September. Storage resistance, strong rust resistance and strong pest resistance.
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Jilin Jiuguang Pear Tree Farm was bred from the hybrid offspring of Jilin Specialty Research Institute (unknown parents) and named after 1980.
The fruit is oblate, weighing 1 15g, and the maximum is 180g. The background color is yellow-green, covered with dark red stripes, and there is flaky rust in the depression. The meat is yellow and white, with excellent quality, rich juice, sweet and sour taste, soluble solids 15%, slightly fragrant, small pit and high quality. Mature in late September. Cold tolerance.
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Shanxi Agricultural University 1977 is named after the dwarf and short-branched red star × gold, 199 1 year.
The fruit is short conical, weighing 220g, with golden background, bright red color, five edges, yellow-white meat, dense, crisp, juicy, sweet and sour, soluble solids 14.4%, rich aroma and better quality than Starkrimson. Mature in late September.
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China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Huashuai Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute 1976 was selected from Fuji× Starkrimson and named after 1988.
The fruit is short conical or oblong, weighing 2 10g, full red with crimson stripes, and the fruit is white and sparse. The meat is light yellow, crisp, juicy, sweet and sour, and the soluble solids 13% or more, with rich flavor and aroma. Mature at the end of September.
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Ningfu Ningxia Agricultural College was selected after 1973 was irradiated by Guoguang.
The fruit is conical, weighing 186.2g, with yellow-green background and full red fruit surface. The meat is yellow and white, crisp, juicy and sweet. Soluble solids 14.7%- 16.0%, with small core and better quality than Guoguang. 65438+1expires at the beginning of October. Cold, drought and frost resistance in flowering period. Can replace Guoguang.
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Liaoning Fruit Research Institute, Yue Hong, 1968 was bred by Marshal Guo Guang and named after 1989.
The fruit is nearly round, weighing 162g, with yellow-green background, whole body red light, blue-white meat, sweet and crisp juice, and soluble solids 14.4%. 65438+1expires at the beginning of October.