The 1 Division of the American Cavalry is the trump card of the United States Army, which was founded when Washington was founded. It used to be a cavalry, but later it was changed to the army, but the serial number has not changed. Although there are no horses in the army, there is still a horsehead symbol on the soldiers' general rules. The 1st Division of the Cavalry Regiment is very famous in the US Army, and rarely suffers defeat, but it was defeated by the 39th Army of Chinese people's Volunteer Army in the Korean War.
When they pass in front of you, the masculine wind and the tiger-tiger spirit in the dust are blowing on your face, as if they were just telling you with their neat and straight posture that they are a mighty teacher who has been tempered into steel ... a trump card teacher.
The history of traditional ace combat troops, which is well known to the US military, can bring our thoughts back to the time when knights slept in saddles …
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The 1st 1 Cavalry Division of the US Army, militarily called "the 1st 1 Cavalry Division Support Operational Command Unit", has three independent combat systems, namely the 9th Squadron of the Air Force (1), which belongs to the 3rd Combat Brigade of the 8th Army of the US Air Force. 2) 15 logistics brigade, which belongs to 13 regiment 13 regiment; 3) 15 Infantry Combat Brigade belongs to the 3rd Infantry Regiment of 13 Corps. In order to unify the clear operational objectives, the three combat units complement each other, support each other and coordinate with each other, but they are relatively independent. The whole division is stationed in Fort Ward, Texas, USA, and belongs to the Third Motorized Army of the US Army. The name "support combat command unit" comes from the Vietnam War. At that time, the commander of the first cavalry division was authorized to act directly and even exceeded his authority when completing special tasks. The existing system of the First Cavalry Division was established on the basis of its long history and long-term experience. In the following chapters, the glory and glory of their bloody history are introduced:
The Second World War
The roar of the fighter of the ninth squadron of the Air Force recorded the date of 1942 10, which was the day when its predecessor, the ninth communication squadron of the Air Force, was founded. About a week later, the new unit was born in new york on August 2 1, 1942. After the reorganization of 1943 on August 20th, this combat squadron was named the 9th Air Aid Combat Squadron, and then it was quickly put into the air battlefield in the Asia-Pacific region, performing air service tasks, assisting ground troops in landing operations and carrying out air-to-ground strikes. In the Battle of Luzon Island, they successfully covered many landings until the smoke cleared in June1945+065438+1October, and their mission ended.
Primitive body
1775, the second congress of the United States passed the resolution to appoint professional generals in the army, and the American Logistics Corps was born. 18 16, the wage payment department went out independently. The rank of a pay officer is generally a major, and the salary is paid to active soldiers in regimental units. The major pays the officers and men in the office of the military command every month, and brings a box of gold coins to the soldiers at the front line on the battlefield. The pay day is not fixed, but the pay day interval is the same for different soldiers. This habit was maintained until the quartermaster regiment merged them, and the value was 19 12.
World War I
The functions of the quartermaster regiment expanded in World War I, which made it overwhelmed in logistics support and transportation. 19 18 10 in June, the parliament passed the bill, and the Ministry of Finance was a branch of the Strategy Department. Unlike its predecessor, this Ministry of Finance is not only responsible for the salaries and travel expenses of the army, but also for all the war expenses, including central allocation, audit and budget.
The Persian Gulf "Gulf War"
1On August 7th, 990, an emergency military order was issued from the Persian Gulf, ordering the 1st Cavalry Division to cooperate with 18 Airborne Division to reinforce Saudi Arabia and prepare for the battle. Among them, the first cavalry division was ordered to be in place before September 15, 14 and 16 (24-hour combat). According to the schedule, as of mid-September, more than 800 heavy armored vehicles will be placed at Fort Worth Military Station and then set off from Houston Port. In addition, 4,200 armored locomotives arrived by land and left every two hours.
... World War II
Our eyes once again return to 1 July, 9401day, and 15, the predecessor of the infantry fighting brigade, where the United A Brigade was born, as the first supplementary force of the US Army. On March 1942 and 10, this unit was reorganized at the Hann Military Base in California and incorporated into the 256th Reserve Wing. Then he quickly plunged into the Asia-Pacific battlefield and fought in New Guinea in World War II with outstanding achievements. 1946 12 15 troops disbanded in south Korea.
Vietnam War
Even in the disgraceful Vietnam War, the original 15 Infantry Combat Brigade (then the 256th Infantry Reserve Wing), which went out as a fighting force, was still a sharp knife, and it was awesome on the battlefield, which was not easy for the US troops with general morale at that time. From 1965, 165438+ 10, 1, the troops assembled to 197 1, and the US military base in Thailand was dissolved on June 25th. The seven-year Southeast Asian War really gave this veteran team new strength.
new hand
1 985165438+1October1,15 Infantry Combat Wing was formally established at Fort Ward Army Base, Texas, USA, belonging to the 1st Cavalry Division of the US Army. 1September 7, 990, the 15 infantry fighting wing was established, and it was assigned to the 3rd Infantry Regiment of 13 Corps.
Fourth Mechanization Division
1. The main equipment of this division includes: 290 M/kloc-0 main battle tanks, about 250 M2 infantry fighting vehicles, 0/00 M3 cavalry fighting vehicles, 308 fully tracked armored personnel carriers and 8 fully tracked combat engineering vehicles. There are three main types of armed helicopters: AH-64 Apache attack helicopter and RAH-. In addition, the division is equipped with 180 javelin anti-tank missile launchers, 36 Avengers air defense missile systems, 24 improved Vulcan anti-aircraft guns, 72155mm self-propelled howitzers, 9 multi-barrel rockets, 66107mm mortars, 24 90mm recoilless guns and 40. There are 484 tripod heavy machine guns with 12.7mm, 966 machine guns with 7.62mm, 5,748 combat and transport vehicles, 528 radio stations/kloc-0, 4,983 night vision devices and 3,066 radiation dose detectors.
In addition to the digitalization of weapons and equipment, compared with other infantry divisions, RAH-66 Comanche reconnaissance and attack helicopter is particularly conspicuous among the armed helicopters equipped by the 4th Infantry Division, because Comanche reconnaissance and attack helicopter is one of the high priority development plans of the US Army and the core of the modernization of the Army Aviation.
Comanche will be used to replace outdated Vietnam helicopters (OH-58 and AH). Comanche will process and fuse the data provided by the second generation forward-looking infrared system and longbow millimeter-wave radar, display the classified targets and arrange them in priority order, with an accuracy rate of over 90%. In order to achieve "extremely quiet" and "stealth" of armed helicopters, Comanche is not only small in size, but also draws lessons from some stealth technologies of F- 1 17 fighters and B-2 bombers, and its effective radar cross-sectional area and noise reduction rate are obviously better than any active helicopter. It can also transmit information to any other system or command post by providing five different data transmission modes. The commander's high-speed computer can integrate these targets, terrain database and global positioning system (infer the position of friendly forces), and provide accurate dynamic images shared by the commander and his superiors and subordinates. Therefore, when Comanche equips the Army in 2003, it will greatly improve the reconnaissance, command and control capabilities of the Army. It will provide an all-weather, all-weather system for the 2 1 century troops, connect with the digital system network, project accurate firepower to the entire breadth and depth of the battlefield, arm reconnaissance in various ways, and support high-speed ground mobile warfare with light attack and special combat capabilities. Compared with Apache, Comanche adopts stealth technology and has all the destructive power of Apache, but it is much lighter and more flexible. Moreover, it can be used in both anti-tank operations and air combat, and is known as the main model of the US Army facing the new century.
To this end, US Army officials pointed out that in the next 20 years from 2000, the plan of purchasing 12 13 Comanche reconnaissance attack helicopters to equip the US Army will continue to be implemented. From this aspect alone, it is obvious that the Fourth Infantry Division has been ahead of other army units.
2. Strong offensive and defensive combat capability
It is on the basis of mechanization and informationization that the Fourth Infantry Division has been built into a leader among the US military units. It has fast mechanical power, powerful firepower, assault force and armor protection, and is a mobile force for the US military to support global military operations. Mainly reflected in the following aspects:
Mechanical strength: In terms of strategic maneuvers, the 4th Infantry Division can be rapidly delivered by the C-5, C-14, C- 17 strategic transport planes of military airlift Command, except for the vanguard troops of the Division and the aviation brigade below the Division (it only takes 7 hours for the C-5 transport plane to load six AH-64 attack helicopters, and helicopter rotors are not required. The rest of the division's heavy equipment (290 heavy tanks, 380 infantry fighting vehicles, 308 fully tracked armored personnel carriers, 72/KOOC-0/55 mm self-propelled howitzers, 9/KOOC-0/2 multi-barrel rockets, etc.). ) must be transported from the United States to the crisis area by military sea. Shipping takes a long time, from the United States to Northeast Asia or the Gulf region, and it takes 2-3 weeks at the earliest. When the situation is urgent and conditions permit, all division personnel can be airlifted to the war zone, and the war zone preset and maritime preset equipment can be enabled (for example, the US military has preset M 1A 1 main battle tanks and armored vehicles that can be equipped by Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Qatar). In terms of tactical maneuverability, the division has 5748 chariots and transport vehicles, 12 1 helicopters, and has strong ground and three-dimensional maneuverability. The ground maneuvering speed is 30 kilometers per hour during the day and 25 kilometers per hour at night. It takes about 2 hours for the whole division to complete the enemy movement. In the non-combat state, the maneuvering distance can reach 500 kilometers a day and night, and in the combat state, it can be maneuvered 150-200 kilometers a day and night. All the 280 M2 infantry fighting vehicles, 100 M3 cavalry fighting vehicles and 308 M65, 438+065 and 438+03 armored personnel carriers in the division have amphibious mobility, which can overcome water obstacles and carry out mobile operations. The maneuvering radius of the two attack helicopter battalions of the aviation brigade of the division can reach 230 kilometers. The division's air assault company is equipped with 15 UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters, which can maneuver 1 infantry company in the air at one time, and the air maneuvering speed can reach 200 km/h, which is 3-4 times that of its tanks and mechanical units, and can cooperate with the division to carry out even-scale air assault operations and aircraft landing operations.
Intelligence and electronic warfare capability: (1) Intelligence reconnaissance capability: The main intelligence and electronic warfare capabilities of the 4th Infantry Division are the military intelligence battalion (under the jurisdiction of jamming company, intelligence surveillance company and electronic warfare company) and the air cavalry squadron (under the jurisdiction of two air cavalry units). The main intelligence and electronic warfare equipment is 12 OH-58 reconnaissance helicopters. Three UH-60 special electronic warfare helicopters, 12 ground reconnaissance radar and 27 sets of electronic warfare equipment. The Military Intelligence Battalion of this division can directly detect and monitor the enemy situation within the range of 100 km by using long-range technical reconnaissance and means and the delivered remote sensing reconnaissance system, and can extend the long-range ground reconnaissance to the depth of 300-400 km. The whole division can send 250-270 reconnaissance units in the attack. In defense, 170 ~ 180 reconnaissance troops can be dispatched. The electronic equipment of air cavalry reconnaissance squadron below division level is mainly helicopter, with wide frequency bandwidth, long distance and high precision. 1 1 OH-58D light attack and reconnaissance helicopter can independently perform longitudinal reconnaissance tasks, and can quickly conduct aerial reconnaissance, identification and positioning of enemy deployments and C3I facilities in the division's combat area (i.e., 0/50km away from our own front line). The reconnaissance distance of the division's ground radio technology is 500 kilometers, and the aerial reconnaissance distance of helicopters is 150 kilometers. Millimeter-wave radar, far-infrared forward-looking radar, laser detection system and optical reconnaissance device equipped on the helicopter can search for targets day and night, providing uninterrupted aerial reconnaissance, surveillance and target search for the division. The OH-58D reconnaissance helicopter can communicate with UH-60, AH-64 helicopters, F- 16 and A- 10 attack aircraft of the Air Force and the tactical firepower system of the artillery by using the airborne target exchange system, report the real-time target situation, and search, identify and locate various enemy targets together with the mobile target positioning radar and artillery positioning radar under the chip artillery, thus guiding the firepower to strike accurately.
(2) Electronic warfare capability; The 4th Infantry Division has 3 dedicated electronic warfare helicopters (EH-60) and 27 electronic warfare equipment of various types, which can provide the division with highly selective interception and jamming capabilities and can carry out attack jamming throughout the operational depth of the division. When attacking, the division's electronic jamming ability can reach 30 kilometers on the ground and 40 kilometers in the air. Regularly monitor 40~50 radio networks. 15 radar. Sichuan and Shikou 4 roads locate 60-80 short-wave radios and 24-30 ground radars, jamming and suppressing 30 radio networks and 10- 15 radars, effectively suppressing the command communication network and electronic transmission of the enemy's first echelon. The division also has a strong ability to destroy electronic equipment.
Communication ability: The Division's Communication Battalion (under its jurisdiction, the Command Battalion Company, the Forward Communication Company and the Communication Support Battalion Company) can provide the Division with multi-channel tactical satellite communication terminal services. Multi-channel radio communication system and mobile user equipment network can cover the combat area of the whole division and the whole army (37,500 square kilometers), provide the division with confidential communication of data, images and voice, and guarantee the division's command, control, intelligence, fire support and combat service support.
Air defense capability: The 4th Infantry Division has a strong air defense and self-defense capability, which is manifested in three aspects: First, the division's air defense artillery barracks are equipped with 36 Avengers self-defense missile systems, which can be launched while moving, and have the ability of all-round attack and "ignoring after launching", plus 24 improved Vulcan anti-aircraft guns of the division's air defense battalion (about 3,000 rounds are fired every minute, and the time for automatic search and identification of targets is less than 2 seconds. With the cooperation of the area warning radar in front of the division and the OH-58D reconnaissance helicopter of the cavalry squadron of the division, it can effectively attack the incoming enemy planes at low altitude (1.2-3.8km) in the division's combat area, covering the air safety of the main combat formations of the division. Secondly, the Apache attack helicopters, Black Hawk multi-purpose helicopters and Comanche reconnaissance attack helicopters of the aviation brigade of the division are equipped with
Comprehensive offensive and defensive capability: In terms of offensive combat capability, the 4th Infantry Division can reach 25-30 kilometers in frontal attack when it is the main direction in the army formation, and 40 kilometers in frontal attack when it is the auxiliary direction. When attacking the enemy who is ready to defend, the width of the division's breakthrough section is 6-8 kilometers, and the breakthrough section for attacking the enemy who is in a hurry can reach 10 kilometers, and the attack depth can reach more than 60 kilometers, and one armored regiment or one infantry regiment can be annihilated at a time.
Defensive operational capability: In the defensive campaign, the 4th Infantry Division can defend the defensive zone with a frontal area of 30-60km and a depth of 50-70km within the army formation to resist the attack of an enemy group army. By guarding important places, mobile defense, using air mobile task forces, surprise attacks, ground ambushes and other means, we can delay and smash the offensive actions of the enemy army. In defense, the 4th Infantry Division can also serve as the army's reserve, and use its rapid mobility and powerful armored assault force to carry out counter-assault on the enemy who breaks through the defense.