Consulting refers to the comprehensive processing, research and development of various information materials through the knowledge and experience reserved by professionals. Consulting produces the comprehensive benefits of intellectual labor and plays the role of consultant, staff officer and external brain for decision makers.
Step 2 classify
(1) traditional classification
Traditional enterprise consulting is divided into two categories: the first category is enterprise management consulting, and the second category is human resource consulting.
(2) Vertical classification
Consulting industry can be vertically divided into three levels, namely, information consulting industry, management consulting industry and strategic consulting industry.
(3) Horizontal classification
I. Strategic consultation
Strategy is the foundation of an enterprise. In today's commercial society, in order to adapt to the changes in the external environment, enterprises must grasp the market dynamics in time and accurately, and take effective measures to adapt quickly. It is a strategic decision for enterprises to make this choice. The focus of modern enterprise management has turned to management, and the focus of management has turned to strategic decision. Western entrepreneurs call today's era an era of strategic victory. Therefore, enterprise strategic consulting has a first-class important position in modern management consulting. The questions that enterprise strategy needs to answer often include: How will we compete in the market and maintain our advantage? How will we find new profit growth points? How will we continue to add value to our customers?
Strategic consultation is a service activity with strong policy. Moreover, it predicts the future changes of enterprise environment and points out the direction of enterprise business activities. Therefore, the strategic consulting project is exploratory and the proposed scheme is risky.
Business strategy is not to imitate others blindly, but to be successful, it must be original. The consultant's proposal must analyze the key issues that affect the development of the enterprise, analyze its essence, and really put forward new ideas that are both far-sighted and practical.
It's no use just writing the strategy on paper. When making a strategy, we should fully consider the customer's strategic execution ability, so that the strategy can be implemented. No strategy is permanent and effective, and the rapid change of market environment means that the formation and test of strategy must be a process of continuous progress. Therefore, consultants should not only ensure the smooth implementation of the consulting scheme to a certain extent, but also help to cultivate customers' strategic adaptability to new opportunities and pressures.
Second, financial consultation.
Enterprise financial consultation refers to the relevant financial management experts' in-depth investigation and research on the enterprise site, starting with the analysis of economic indicators that comprehensively reflect the financial management of enterprises, looking for weak links, in-depth analysis of financial factors and management factors that affect these indicators, and finding out the key influencing factors. Then, according to the requirements of the company's strategy for financial management and the actual situation of the company, specific improvement measures are put forward and a series of activities are guided to be implemented.
Financial consultation pays attention to collecting data, and through financial consultation, objectively and correctly evaluates the production and operation results and financial status of enterprises, so as to understand the position of enterprises in the market competition of the same industry. The results of financial consultation will provide the correct direction and goal for other aspects of enterprise management consultation. It should not be ignored that through financial consultation, new concepts and technical methods of financial management can be introduced to enterprises from different angles, and the financial management ability and level of enterprises can be continuously improved.
Third, marketing consultation.
Marketing consulting refers to consulting that consultants use marketing theories and methods to deeply investigate and analyze the marketing environment and marketing activities of enterprises, so as to find out the risks, threats, recession crisis and market opportunities of enterprise development, help enterprises solve existing problems, improve and innovate marketing activities, make enterprises better avoid risks, meet challenges, overcome recession crisis, seize and create market opportunities, and promote enterprises to obtain rapid and sustained prosperity and development.
Different industries have different product values, uses and ways of use, as well as different product life cycles and stages, so consumers have different motivations and habits to buy different products. So in different industries, the marketing of enterprises will be very different. If an enterprise wants to survive and occupy a place in the market, it is inseparable from the contest with its competitors. Therefore, marketing consulting should strive to formulate competitive strategies and tactics for enterprises that can overcome real competitors and potential competitors and remain invincible.
Fourth, human resources consultation.
Under the condition of market economy, human resources [1] are the most precious strategic resources and the most important material basis for enterprises to survive and develop in the competition. It is not only an important basis for formulating enterprise strategy, but also a supporting point for implementing enterprise strategy.
Human resource consultation is to use the theory and method of human resource development and management to analyze the development and management of human resources in enterprises, find out the weak links and improve them, so as to promote enterprises to develop human resources correctly and effectively and manage human resources reasonably and scientifically, and create sustainable competitiveness for enterprises.
The consulting contents include: human resource management training, human resource management consulting, human resource function outsourcing, labor dispatch, human information solutions, headhunting and other intellectual consulting services for enterprise human resource management consulting departments.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) corporate culture consultation
Corporate culture consultation is to clarify the key success factors (KSF) of an organization, the drivers of industry value, form consistent beliefs within the organization, guide unified actions, clarify and clarify the core value system of the organization, namely, corporate culture system, shape the brand belief of the organization, integrate the intangible assets of the enterprise, improve the basic policies and systems of the organization based on the unified core value system, effectively improve the coordinated efficiency of organizational operation, and realize the feasibility of the organization.
Intransitive Verb Enterprise Management Consulting
It refers to an independent, qualified individual or several people who go deep into the enterprise site, use modern means and scientific methods to diagnose, train, plan, design and coach the enterprise, from the management of group enterprises to the establishment of local systems, from the establishment of strategic level to the design of behavior plans, implement the dynamic analysis of the whole process of enterprise production and operation, assist them in establishing modern management systems, put forward action suggestions and assist them in implementing these suggestions, so as to improve the economic benefits of enterprises. It mainly includes comprehensive management consulting, strategic management consulting, production, human resources, finance, logistics, marketing and information system management consulting.
VII. Management Information Consultation
Management information consultation is an all-round systematic reform of enterprise management, which mainly involves the design of enterprise management mode, business process reengineering, management information solution design and the implementation and application of management software system, and ultimately helps enterprises to establish performance analysis and monitoring system by using electronic information.
3. Management consulting services
Management consulting service is a highly intelligent service provided by people with rich management knowledge and experience and mastering consulting technology. On the basis of the requirements put forward by the enterprise, the consultant went deep into the enterprise, closely combined with the enterprise managers, used scientific methods to find out the main problems existing in the enterprise, made quantitative and qualitative analysis with exact arguments, found out the causes of the problems, and put forward practical improvement plans to guide the implementation plan, improve the operation mechanism of the enterprise and improve the management level and economic benefits of the enterprise. Management consulting service in the modern sense began in the early 20th century.
4. Advisory services
Consultation means that the employer signs a contract with an engineering consulting company, and the consulting company is responsible for providing suggestions or solutions to the technical problems raised by the employer. The scope of services is wide, such as feasibility study of projects, design and review of technical schemes, drafting of bidding task book, improvement of production technology or products, procurement of equipment, supervision and guidance of engineering projects, etc. Especially in developing countries, they often lack the technical strength or experience to solve some technical problems. Hiring foreign engineering consulting companies to provide consulting services can avoid detours or waste of funds. Because consulting companies have rich scientific knowledge and technical information, they can help employers choose advanced and applicable technologies, find more reliable technical suppliers and obtain better quality machinery and equipment at reasonable prices. Although employers have to pay a consulting fee, the savings they get far exceed the consulting fee they pay, which is beneficial to employers after all.
Consulting fees can generally be calculated according to workload, and can also be priced according to technical topics. Generally, the consulting fee paid is equivalent to about 5% of the total investment of the project.
5, employees must have the basic conditions
(1) Knowledge of management theory;
(2) Practical management experience;
(3) To master the skills of consulting, you must go through special consulting training.
Because consulting undertakes the task of improving enterprise management and is engaged in high-intelligence and high-intensity mental work, it determines that consultants must have high quality, management knowledge and consulting experience.
6, the object of management consulting services
That is, the enterprises to be consulted must be established on a voluntary basis. Because consulting itself is a kind of service, it is different from the previous inspection team, acceptance team and working group. For the work of these groups, enterprises are in a passive position, afraid of finding out problems and affecting their image, and enterprises have a taboo mentality; Consulting service makes enterprises feel "uncomfortable"-hard competition, uncoordinated production and supply, low profit rate or even loss, but enterprise leaders are struggling to figure out the clue, so they take the initiative to hire consulting experts to provide consulting services for enterprises. Enterprise managers are willing to actively cooperate with consultants and ask them to diagnose the enterprise, so they have the mentality of "treating the right medicine" in time. Only in this way can the consultation work be successful.
7. Ways and procedures for managing consulting services
Consultants go deep into the close cooperation between enterprises and enterprise managers, use scientific methods, make quantitative and qualitative analysis with clear arguments, find out the main problems, find out the causes of the problems, put forward practical improvement plans, and then guide the implementation of the improvement plans.
8, the purpose of management consulting services to achieve.
After the implementation of the improvement scheme, the operation mechanism of the enterprise has been improved, and the ability of the enterprise to adapt to the environment has been improved, especially the market competitiveness of the enterprise, thus improving the management level and economic benefits of the enterprise.
9, the nature of management consulting services
Management consulting is an organized intellectual service activity. Consultants provide management consulting services to customers with their own knowledge and experience.