First, be good at accumulating and absorbing knowledge and nutrition extensively;
Second, seriously study questions and cultivate Chinese literacy in an all-round way;
Third, realize daily life and fully expand the learning space;
Fourth, cultivate self-cultivation and strive to coordinate IQ and EQ.
Let's talk about the first point, be good at accumulating and absorb knowledge and nutrition widely.
Xunzi, a famous thinker in the Warring States period, once said: "Accumulated soil is a mountain, and wind and rain are proud; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. "This is a wise saying. It is often said that genius comes from diligence and knowledge lies in accumulation, which is also true. Accumulation is the brewing of intelligence, and accumulation is the storage of energy. Without quantitative accumulation, how can there be a qualitative leap? Therefore, we should pay attention to the usual accumulation, be a conscientious accumulation person, be a knowledgeable greedy person, and make extensive efforts to prepare for the college entrance examination.
Where do we accumulate?
First, we should accumulate idioms and famous sayings. Idioms are the essence of our national language. It is neat and harmonious, concise, catchy to read and meaningful to taste. "Giving up one's life for righteousness" is the lofty integrity of our nation, "giving up oneself for others" is the noble character of our nation, "giving up who I am" is the heroic spirit of our nation, and "giving up who I am" is the profound wisdom of our nation ... The characters in heaven and earth, birds, animals, insects and fish in idioms are all-encompassing, elegant and rich in expression. Such as singing and dancing, crouching, gorging, birds singing and flowers singing, grass growing and warblers flying, while the dragon and phoenix dancing, gilding the lily, lasting forever, less than the morning star and so on. If we remember a few words every day, over time, won't each of our classmates become a walking dictionary? At that time, we wrote it with meticulous words and witty words. Isn't it beautiful?
Famous aphorisms are the crystallization of human wisdom. Our ancient sages, our working people, great thinkers, writers and scientists at home and abroad have left many philosophical, educational and well-known epigrams in their poems, which are our precious spiritual wealth. For example, "Nothing is difficult in the world, if you put your mind to it", "The waves behind the Yangtze River push forward the waves, and the new people on earth are better than the ancients", "Born in sorrow, they die in happiness", "The young are sad, and the old are sad", "Good medicine tastes bitter and good advice is helpful for illness, but when you listen to it, you will see people's hearts for a long time, and people will" deliberately plant flowers instead of flowers, unintentionally insert willows " If you copy and recite a few songs every day, you can sharpen your character, cultivate your sentiment and enrich your literary talent, so as to cope with the college entrance examination.
Second, we should accumulate famous poems and articles. Our teaching materials collect the essence of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign poems and condense the splendid culture of mankind, with 70 articles in class and more after class. There are thousands of poems on the chest and beautiful poems on the pen.
Third, we should accumulate living materials. The scenery of the four seasons on campus, the manners of the classmates and teachers around you, radio, television, newspapers and magazines can all be thought of. "The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, family affairs, state affairs and everything in the world are all concerned."
With more accumulated knowledge, wisdom will naturally be enlightened. "I am proud to have poems and books in my belly", "How can I ask the canal to be so clear, because there is flowing water at the source". Only when the roots are deep and the leaves are luxuriant can the flowers bloom with wealth. Why not do such a beautiful thing?
Second, seriously study questions and cultivate Chinese literacy in an all-round way.
A year's plan lies in spring, and a lifetime's plan lies in diligence. Diligence makes up for mistakes, and diligence makes you wise. Only by studying hard can we cultivate our ability and accomplishment. So what abilities should Chinese cultivate? To sum up, it is: first, keen language perception, second, fluent language expression, third, strict logical thinking, fourth, rich imagination reconstruction, fifth, healthy artistic aesthetic ability, and sixth, unique discovery and innovation ability. To cultivate these abilities, we need to study hard and practice more in these areas.
First of all, listen hard and listen carefully. Listening is to receive information and gain new knowledge by listening. As the saying goes, "listen to your voice" and "listen to the string songs to know your elegance". We must fully broaden and effectively use this channel to receive information and listen to learning. Attend lectures, listen to the teacher's lectures, concentrate, follow one's inclinations, take notes diligently, clarify its essentials, dispel doubts and doubts, and make progress in learning; Listen, listen to your classmates' speeches, pay attention, follow the good ones and correct the bad ones. Isn't it wonderful that students and teenagers are young, sharp-minded and avant-garde, learning from each other, inspiring each other and advancing hand in hand?
Second, study hard and be good at reading. After class, learn from it. Self-study early, read aloud, recite poems and recite them backwards; Read aloud in class, with sound and affection; Choose reading after class and study extensively. Read the sense of language, read the feelings and read the beauty. Lift the essence, hook the mystery, understand its reason and taste its taste.
Third, be diligent and good at talking. Speak before class, speak in class, exchange and debate, say what you should say, just dare to say it, improve the language art, and be good at tact; Not only internal beauty, but also external beauty. Dare to express yourself and adapt to the needs of society.
Fourth, be diligent in writing, be good at writing, read notes, poetry, current affairs comments, Zhou composition, be diligent in writing and thinking. Conception, must be novel; Think carefully about the sentences and try to be vivid. Listen to the teacher's comments carefully, communicate with classmates more, accumulate experience and give full play to your advantages.
Besides being diligent, you should also be curious. Questioning reading and asking questions; Ask each other questions and ask the teacher. Han Yu said, "People are not born knowing, so why is there no doubt?" Confused, if you don't follow the teacher, you will be confused and finally confused. The new curriculum advocates interactive learning and cooperative learning between teachers and students. "As long as you are open-minded, as long as you take the initiative, you will be able to achieve harmony between teachers and students and between classmates.
Diligence and curiosity complement each other. If you don't learn, you won't doubt, and if you don't ask, you won't know. As long as we are diligent, persistent, positive and orderly, and then humbly and sincerely ask for it, in the end, we will not worry about our lack of knowledge, ability and quality. No pains, no gains. Since ancient times, hard work pays off, and literacy depends on learning.
Third, realize life and fully expand the learning space.
Learning should be good at thinking and feeling. Read the text to understand the truth, transfer the truth, apply what you have learned, and apply your knowledge flexibly. It is necessary to spread the language repair and logic knowledge learned in class, apply what you have learned, and draw inferences from others; It is necessary to establish the concept of big language, the mutual penetration of various disciplines, and the extensive connection of social life, and then think about it to comprehensively improve the realm of life.
In fact, Chinese is not only a teaching material, but also a life. "A Dream of Red Mansions" says that "everything is clear and learned, and people's understanding is an article", which is the reason. High school is the most glorious period of our lives. We should realize life in learning, learn to learn in life, absorb the nutrition of life, be full of elegance, and make our youth bloom more beautifully.
Life is a profound wordless book, an endless river and an inexhaustible treasure of Chinese. As long as you observe carefully and think deeply, you can understand a lot. Yunfei in summer, the tide rises and falls, giving you the aura of life flow; The long river sunset and the lonely smoke in the desert make you marvel at the vastness and remoteness; Green mountains and clear waters, green liuhonghua, let you feel the beauty of the world; Chun Yan whispers, autumn geese sweep the air, which makes people think about the cycle of life. This colorful world has given us rich associations and vivid enlightenment! Tears in the corner of my mother's eyes when I left home, my father's bent back when I saw him off, the kind words when the teacher was lost, the warm water when my classmates were sick ... Every smile is love, and every bit is affection.
Life is not a stagnant pool, but ups and downs, ups and downs; Not static, but constantly changing. We keep up with the times, life, society and others. Always absorb the fresh breath of the times and keep youthful vitality everywhere. Life is as bright as flowers, it is a painting; Life is as mellow as wine, it is a poem; Life is like a river, it is a song. Learning Chinese will make your life elegant and noble; Love life, and your life will be full of interest!
Fourth, cultivate self-cultivation and strive to coordinate IQ and EQ.
Learning to cultivate one's morality is an excellent tradition of China literati. When we read sage books, we should cultivate noble sentiments like ancient sages and people with lofty ideals. When reading exquisite literary works, we should learn from others' superb language art and cultivate elegant humanistic temperament.
In the process of learning, IQ is the foundation and EQ is the guarantee. Only by coordinating intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors can we complete the dual tasks of academic progress and personality shaping.
At ordinary times, we should be good at eliminating interference, concentrate on learning and shape our personality. Indifferent to ambition, quiet and far-reaching, not happy with things, not sad for yourself. Diligent and enterprising, strive for the upper reaches. Don't be jealous of others' strengths, learn from others' strengths; Don't laugh at people's shortcomings, but avoid them. Adhere to the truth and correct mistakes; Be tireless and never tire of learning. Not afraid of setbacks, go forward bravely.
Be calm, bold and careful in the exam, and don't lose confidence because of the difficulty of the topic. You know, I can change people easily, and it's hard for me to change people. Go beyond yourself and have the courage to choose; Take the exam honestly and get the real level.
Compared with junior high school mathematics, senior high school mathematics is rich in content, abstract and theoretical, so many students are very uncomfortable after entering senior high school, especially senior one. After entering school, algebra first encounters a theoretical function, which makes it difficult for some students who have learned mathematics well in junior high school to adapt quickly. Here are some opinions and suggestions on how to learn high school mathematics well.
1. Get ready to keep trying. Some senior one students feel that they have just graduated from junior high school, and there are still three years before their next graduation. They can relax first, and it's not too late to wait until the second and third year of high school. They even regard "loosening before tightening" in primary and junior high schools as a "successful" experience. As we all know, firstly, at present, the teaching arrangement of senior high school mathematics is that it takes more than two years to finish the three-year course, and senior three is engaged in general review almost all year round, so the teaching progress is very tight; Second, the most important and difficult content of high school mathematics-function, was learned in senior one. Once these contents are not learned well, it will be difficult for the whole high school mathematics to learn well. Therefore, we must grasp it at the beginning, even if we relax subconsciously, it will weaken the perseverance of learning and affect the learning effect.
2. Have a strong interest in learning.
More than 2,000 years ago, Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." "Kindness" and "happiness" mean willingness to learn, and liking learning means interest. Interest is the best teacher. Only when you are interested can you have hobbies. If you like it, you have to practice and enjoy it. With interest, we can form the initiative and enthusiasm of learning. In mathematics learning, we turn this spontaneous perceptual pleasure into a conscious and rational "understanding" process, which will naturally become the driving force for learning mathematics well and the success of mathematics learning. So how can we establish a good interest in learning mathematics?
(1) preview before class, and have doubts and curiosity about what you have learned.
(2) Cooperate with the teacher in class to satisfy the excitement of the senses. Pay attention to solving problems in preview, answer the teacher's questions in time in class, cultivate the synchronization of thinking with the teacher, concentrate, and turn the teacher's evaluation of your questions into a driving force to spur learning.
(3) Think about problems, pay attention to induction, and tap your learning potential.
(4) Pay attention to the teacher's mathematical thinking when explaining in class and ask yourself why you think so. How did this method come about?
(5) Let the concept return to nature. All disciplines are summarized from practical problems, and mathematical concepts also return to real life. For example, the concept of function, angle and generation of rectangular coordinate system are all abstracted from real life. Only by returning to reality can the understanding of concepts be practical and reliable, and it will be more accurate when applying concept judgment and reasoning. Senior high schools should pay special attention to the understanding and application of concepts.
3. Establish a good habit of learning mathematics.
Habit is a stable and lasting conditioned reflex and a natural need consolidated through repeated practice. Establishing a good habit of learning mathematics will make you feel orderly and relaxed in your study. The good habits of high school mathematics should be: asking more questions, thinking hard, doing easily, summarizing again and paying attention to application. In the process of learning mathematics, students should translate the knowledge taught by teachers into their own unique language and keep it in their minds forever. In addition, we should ensure that there is a certain amount of self-study time every day, so as to broaden our knowledge and cultivate our ability to learn again.
4. We should consciously cultivate our abilities in all aspects.
Mathematical ability includes five abilities: logical reasoning ability, abstract thinking ability, calculation ability, spatial imagination ability and problem solving ability. These abilities are cultivated in different mathematics learning environments. In the usual study, we should pay attention to the development of different learning places and participate in all beneficial learning practice activities, such as math classes, math competitions, intelligence competitions and so on. Especially in order to cultivate these abilities, teachers will carefully design "intelligent courses" and "intelligent questions", such as multi-media teaching such as solving one question, training classification by analogy, applying models and computers, which are all good courses to cultivate mathematical abilities. In these classes, students must devote themselves to all aspects of intelligence and finally realize the all-round development of their abilities.
5. Some suggestions on learning mathematics.
1, take math notes. Especially the different aspects of concept understanding and mathematical laws, the extra-curricular knowledge added by teachers for preparing for the college entrance examination. There are also knowledge problems that are not well understood in class. Remember not to record the contents of the class from beginning to end, which will not only affect the class, but also highlight the key points and difficulties, which is not conducive to after-class review.
2. Establish a mathematical error correction book. Write down the knowledge or reasoning that is easy to make mistakes in practice or examination to prevent it from happening again. Strive to find wrong mistakes, analyze them, correct them and prevent them. Understanding: being able to deeply understand the right things from the opposite side; Guo Shuo can get to the root of the error, so as to prescribe the right medicine; Answer questions completely and reason strictly.
3. Memorize mathematical laws and conclusions. Don't think that mathematics is just thinking and reasoning, and the necessary memory is appropriate. Many students think that functions are difficult and abstract, but if you ask him if he can draw basic exponential and logarithmic functions and point out their basic properties, he can't. It's strange if you say you want to learn it well.
4. Establish a good relationship with classmates, strive to be a "little teacher" and form a "mutual aid group" for math learning. By arguing and thinking with our classmates, we can deepen our understanding of the problem, at the same time, it will also reduce our learning pressure and cultivate our interest in learning.
5. Try to do extra-curricular math problems and increase self-study. In senior high school, we should consciously choose some extracurricular tutoring books to help and strengthen ourselves. But at present, there are so many such books on the market that many students have bought one book after another, but they have no time to read them at all. So I suggest that students can consult their teachers or former classmates and choose an effective 1~2 book.
6. Develop good writing standards. To learn mathematics, you must deal with all mathematical problems according to the norms of mathematical language, and in the future classroom teaching, you should do it according to the requirements of teachers.
7. Learn to summarize and classify. Ke: ① Classification from mathematical thoughts, ② Classification from problem-solving methods and ③ Classification from knowledge application.
In short, in the initial learning stage of senior one mathematics, as long as students can seriously devote themselves to learning, realize the difference between junior high school and senior high school, constantly adjust themselves to the new learning mode as soon as possible with a positive attitude, and develop good study habits, it will be a natural thing to learn senior one mathematics well.
To learn English well in senior high school, we must study hard and practice hard. Specifically, there are the following points:
I. "Four Diligences"
1. Recite frequently.
Actively remember new words and phrases appearing in high school textbooks, understand their usage, and use some antonyms and similar words appropriately to strengthen memory. Although this step is boring, without it, learning English is like an eagle with broken wings. Without ambition, it is difficult to move.
2. Read aloud often.
This is one of the magic weapons to learn English well. Generally speaking, the content of reading aloud is limited to textbooks, not for the purpose of reciting. The focus is on your correct pronunciation, intonation and so on. By reading aloud, you can be familiar with words and their usage, experience English intonation and context, and enhance your sense of language. It only takes about half an hour every day, but you must persevere.
3. Practice hard.
Although the tactics of "challenging the sea" are insufficient, it is necessary to do some exercises properly, especially those aimed at their own shortcomings. For example, cloze, a difficult problem to examine comprehensive ability, should be done more at ordinary times. After each completion, we should carefully re-check the answers to find out the rationality of these correct options, what knowledge points the questioner intends to examine and so on. Only through constant practice and experience can we constantly improve our English level and ability to take exams.
4. Sum up diligently.
Compared with other subjects, the knowledge of English is fragmentary, so we must work hard to collect, sort out and summarize it in peacetime. Some fragmentary knowledge mentioned by teachers or seen in reference books should be recorded in time for future review.
Second, "four more"
1. Read more books.
In recent years, the difficulty of English test questions has gradually increased, and the tentacles of test questions involve all fields of daily life. Therefore, from the first year of senior high school, we should expand the reading range as much as possible, so as to broaden our horizons and improve our English in a subtle way.
2. Listen more.
In recent years, listening questions have been gradually added to the senior high school entrance examination. In fact, listening more is not only for exams, but more importantly, you can gradually enhance your sense of language in the process of listening. Cultivating a keen sense of language is helpful to enhance discrimination and judgment, which is a very important part of English learning.
3. Say one more word.
Speaking more can enhance oral ability, deepen memory, and make what you have learned clearly reflected in your mind, which is not easy to forget.
4. Practice more.
Through a lot of practice, you can enhance your practical experience and avoid being flustered and at a loss. Moreover, practice makes perfect, and you can make rules when you do the questions, so you have a sense of language.
Of course, language learning itself is regular, and the so-called "four diligence" and "four more" are just a means of strengthening. To learn English well, it is more important to start with the language itself, study its mystery, strengthen practice one by one from words, phrases, sentences, chapters and other aspects, strictly abide by the principles of "four diligence" and "four more", and easily achieve good results.
"Rome wasn't built in a day", and English can't be learned in a day or two.
First of all, high school textbooks should be proficient in memorizing English vocabulary, which is the most basic element of English. Not remembering words is like a building without bricks.
Mastery of teaching materials. There are some classic texts in high school English textbooks. It is best to memorize the text and use it flexibly. Although this method is stupid, it is really effective.
Sentence pattern summary. We should be good at summarizing some typical sentence patterns and sum them up together, so as to draw inferences from one example to another.
Pay attention to the usage of some important verbs.
When you study, you should listen to more tapes and remember more things.
Grammar usually includes tense, number of nouns and pronouns, subject-predicate agreement, subjunctive mood, active and passive, infinitive (perfect and passive voice), participle (perfect and passive voice), independent structure, relative pronouns and adverbs of clauses. These aspects need to accumulate more memories in the usual study. Besides, there are grammar books to read. Pay attention to the content of grammar when learning textbooks, so that you will learn grammar better unconsciously over time.
The most important thing in spoken English is to speak English with your mouth open. When speaking English, there will be some grammatical mistakes, but this is normal. If you speak English, it is not normal to ensure that grammar does not appear. The most important thing in spoken English is to speak more. Express what you see and think in English. After a long time, your oral English will make a qualitative leap. In addition, I would like to recommend an oral book, A Complete Collection of Spoken English, which is published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. It's good. You can watch it.
As for writing, practice writing a short article every week and try to use a single sentence. Of course, you can also use complex sentences. We can take part in some excellent papers, see how others compare with ourselves and find out our own shortcomings.
According to my personal experience, reading is essential. Don't be afraid to read articles with many new words. Always look them up in the dictionary. In particular, if you are really confident in learning English well, I suggest you try to memorize the key articles in each unit to cultivate your sense of language. High school English still attaches great importance to grammar, but when you have the basic knowledge of grammar, you can answer questions accurately with an accurate sense of language, and often the answers will come out naturally after reading them, but you need to stop and think about why you choose this way from the perspective of grammar. I believe that progress will be rapid.
Physics, chemistry and biology belong to the category of comprehensive management.
Physics is an interesting and mysterious natural science, which is more difficult than other disciplines. Therefore, learning physics well depends not only on wisdom, but also on being interested and good at exploring, and doing well in the following three aspects:
First, you can learn (learn to understand)
The essence of learning is to guide how to learn more effectively. Learning physics must first be interested and good at exploring. Without interest, we will flinch from some difficult knowledge points, but with interest, we will feel that every step of learning is a challenge and fun. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the study habits of diligent observation and good inquiry and integrate them into the usual study, so that learning can be easy and effective.
In the specific learning process, the key is to grasp classroom learning. Through listening to lectures, we can understand the concepts, laws, key points, difficulties and doubts, clarify the knowledge structure, do more extracurricular work and think more. This is to lay a good foundation.
Second, can do the problem (for the college entrance examination)
Learning to understand does not mean that you can do the problem well. If you want to get high marks, you have to be able to do problems. You should be able to examine questions, practice more questions, summarize more, and sort out more. Knowing how to examine a question is to find out what is known and unknown in the process of examining a question, to investigate the physical quantities and processes involved in the question, and to clarify its meaning; Practicing more questions means doing more familiar questions and summing up the rules, methods and skills in the process of doing them. Don't stick to the topic when you do it, you should explore the personality and * * * of the topic, learn to sort it out, and easily cope with the college entrance examination.
Third, it can be applied (convenient for life)
Apply theory to practice. In the final analysis, the value of learning lies not in what you have learned, but in the process of learning. Learning by methods will eventually produce "learning methods".
Chemistry is a knowledge about phenomena and changes. The ability of induction and comparison is very important for learning chemistry. Phenomena are the physical and chemical properties of various elements. By summarizing and comparing the properties of various elements (kindred and adjacent), we can grasp the "phenomenon" in chemistry from their similarities and differences, and also understand the flesh and blood in chemistry. As for the changes of various attributes, as long as we grasp the essence of which changes and which remain unchanged, even changes like the Monkey King will make you come to Tathagata. Only by grasping the invariance in chemistry (constant mass, conservation of energy and conservation of charge) can we cope with its myriad changes.
Regarding the study of mathematics and physics, one thing can be of great benefit, that is, if there is an opportunity, try not to be limited to the teacher's lecture progress, give yourself an advance amount appropriately, and learn by yourself in advance. In this way, improving self-study ability is on the one hand, which often plays an unexpected role in the integration of knowledge. When studying ahead of time, there will definitely be many questions or superficial understanding of some problems. When the teacher talks about this part in class, you can listen to the teacher with questions and listen to the difference between the teacher's understanding and grasp of knowledge and his own understanding. Such a question, a thought, a comparison and a verification will truly master the knowledge in the classroom. Physics and chemistry, in particular, are relatively easy to learn by themselves, so it is even more important to give yourself a little advance.
At first, there were not many high school chemistry books, only three (only two for liberal arts). But if you think high school chemistry is easy to learn, it's all wet. No matter the degree, depth, difficulty and height, high school chemistry has everything, and the topics are endless.
Many people compare chemistry to the liberal arts of science because it has many knowledge points to remember. Such as color, state, smell, solubility, oxidation or reduction, specific gravity, etc. This knowledge is fragmentary and small, but its importance is self-evident. Many reasoning questions and multiple-choice questions often find a breakthrough from these properties. For example, the gas with rotten egg smell in the title can be judged as H2S；; ; When the two solutions are blood red after mixing, it can be concluded that Fe3+ and ScN- exist. In senior high school courses, the author only agrees to take notes in two subjects, one is English and the other is chemistry (science). Therefore, it is necessary to record what you have learned in class. Sort it out systematically and get familiar with it.
Remembering many knowledge points is only the first step of the long March. Because of the strong color of high school chemistry theory, we pay more attention to cultivating and developing students' understanding and application ability, and pay more attention to the internal relations and analogies between various knowledge points. It is necessary to emphasize the ability of connection and analogy (especially important for organic chemistry). Without these two abilities, you may be able to learn all the chapters well, but once you make a comprehensive examination, you are still stretched. Only by systematizing all chapters and knowledge points, linking up inside and outside, and crossing vertically and horizontally, can we advance and retreat freely in the endless chemistry exam.
Let's focus on the theoretical part.
First of all, the redox reaction should be mentioned. This is the theoretical part of high school chemistry that deserves a great book, because it runs through the whole high school chemistry. To master this theory, we should not only remember the oxidizability, reducibility and relative strength of various common substances, but also be closely related to electron gain and loss, valence fluctuation, equation equilibrium, electrode reaction and so on. The theory can be highly summarized in six words: low return and high oxygen consumption. "Low return" means that when an element gains electrons, its valence state decreases (and vice versa), and at the same time, the element is reduced to produce reduction products. The meaning of "hypoxia" is similar. As for the oxidizability (or reducibility) of each element and its constituent substances, it is closely related to the position of elements in the periodic table.
The discovery of the periodic law of elements and the establishment of the periodic table of elements are a major milestone in the history of chemical development. The key to mastering the periodic table is to master the following laws: the number of main groups, the highest valence of elements in this group, and the outermost electron number of elements in this group; Period number two: the number of electronic layers of periodic elements; The atomic radius is determined by the number of electron layers (the main reason) and the number of nuclear charges (the secondary reason). In the same period, the atomic radius increases from left to right, and in the same main family, the atomic radius increases from top to bottom; The larger the atomic radius, the weaker the ability to gain electrons (thus the weaker the oxidation) and the stronger the ability to lose electrons (thus the stronger the reduction); The chemical properties of the same family elements are similar; Wait a minute.
For another example, the chemical reaction rate is affected by reactant concentration, external pressure, temperature and catalyst, while the chemical equilibrium is affected by reactant concentration, pressure and temperature, and has nothing to do with catalyst. Regarding the principle of balanced motion, the author wants to emphasize the word "weakening" in this principle. Weakening is not equal to elimination, which is similar to Lenz's law in physics. This principle is not only applicable to chemical equilibrium, but also to equilibrium states such as ionization equilibrium and dissolution equilibrium. Speaking of ionization equilibrium, we might as well interject. When studying the chapter "Electrolyte", we must keep in mind that we should grasp the important substances and major contradictions, penetrate the idea of averaging, and make full use of the conservation of substances and charges with the help of ionic product constant and pH value (author's note: the so-called averaging idea, for example, if the molecular weights of two non-reactive gases are 10 and 20 respectively, the molecular weight after mixing must be10-. The pH values of the two non-reactive solutions are 1 and 6 respectively, so the mixed pH value must be between 1-6, and so on. The average thought is widely used in senior high school chemistry, which should be paid attention to.
Limited by space, valence bond theory and Moore and organic chemistry are not discussed much.
According to the survey of college entrance examination results over the years, no matter how difficult the math and physics questions are, someone will get full marks. But only chemistry, never full marks. No wonder many people are afraid of high school chemistry and find it difficult to learn. Is chemistry really that difficult to learn? Wrong or inappropriate method. So I want to emphasize chemistry. Many students don't really understand the characteristics of chemistry. What are the characteristics of chemistry? Chemistry is a liberal art in science. Without the accumulation of a large number of basic concepts and knowledge, it is useless to be smart and witty.
In fact, the chemistry test questions in the college entrance examination every year are not very difficult. It basically has no flexible questions, and the requirements for students' thinking ability are lower than those of mathematics and physics. The reason why everyone failed in the exam is because the concept is unclear and what should be remembered is not remembered. There are too many things to remember in chemistry, such as the molecular structure of organic parts, various reactions, molecular formulas of carbohydrates and lipids and so on. , easy to mix, difficult to remember. There is no shortcut. To learn chemistry well, only under the premise of mastering book knowledge can solving problems be effective. If you have nothing to do, treat chemistry textbooks as novels, and you won't be relieved of chemistry until all three chemistry textbooks in high school are turned upside down.