Famous linguists Wang Li, Cen Qixiang, Dai Li, Tang Zuofan, Jiang, Zhang Wanqi and Xu.
check against the authoritative text
Jiang, Tang Zuofan, Zhang Wanqi, Song Juvenile, etc.
works of excellence
Introduction to Ancient Chinese and Necessary Reference Books
He was awarded the first prize of the first China Dictionary Award by the General Administration of Press and Publication.
latest version
There are about 10 thousand commonly used words and disyllabic words in ancient Chinese.
Explanation, sound check, examples, comments, cross talk, attention analysis and suggestions
Chronology of Chinese dynasties, introduction to ancient Chinese grammar, how to learn ancient Chinese.
A Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese was published in 1979. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Li, Cen Qixiang, Dai Li, Tang Zuofan, Jiang, Zhang Wanqi and Xu. The compilation process of this dictionary has been written in the "Revision Notes" of 1988, so I won't repeat it here. Since its publication, the dictionary has been welcomed by readers, and has been printed more than 60 times, with tens of millions of copies. 1995, this dictionary won the first prize of the first China Dictionary Award. On the one hand, this makes us happy, on the other hand, it also makes us feel responsible. The more readers there are in dictionaries, the more we should further improve the quality of dictionaries. Although this dictionary has been revised many times since its publication, there are still some problems, so we are determined to update it comprehensively. The updating work includes adding notes and modifying the original notes, mainly in the following aspects:
(1) Supplementary explanation. More than 4200 prefixes in the original dictionary text are all reserved; Cancel the list of difficult words in the original dictionary, select prefixes in the list of difficult words, delete uncommon words, and add example sentences in the text; In addition, more than 400 commonly used words that were not found in the original dictionary text and the list of difficult words were added, and they were written in notes and arranged alphabetically. The 4th edition * * * contains more than 6,400 commonly used words in ancient Chinese (excluding variant characters).
The principle of choosing prefix is: since it is a dictionary of common words in ancient Chinese, as the name implies, its words should be based on "ancient Chinese" and "common words". The so-called "ancient Chinese" refers to the so-called "classical Chinese", which refers to the language represented by the documents handed down from the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, and the works written by "ancient writers" in later generations imitating these document languages, excluding the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures, notes of the Six Dynasties, Tang poetry and Song poetry, modern opera novels and other languages. Therefore, this dictionary only accepts words commonly used in classical Chinese, as for words commonly used in other genres of works. The so-called "common use" refers to words that are often encountered when reading classical Chinese works. Therefore, those words without documentary evidence that can only be found in ancient dictionaries, as well as uncommon words that are only used as names of people, places, animals and plants, and objects, are not accepted in this dictionary. Also, this dictionary is for readers with secondary education or above to learn ancient Chinese. Those words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times can be understood by readers without consulting a dictionary, so these dictionaries don't accept them.
In the process of adding prefixes, we refer to the word frequency tables of Thirteen Classics and Historical Records, which provides an objective basis for us to determine which words are commonly used and which words are not commonly used. Words that are not found in the Thirteen Classics and Historical Records, that is, words produced after the Eastern Han Dynasty, are generally not accepted if they are not very commonly used or commonly used but have no difference between ancient and modern meanings.
(2) adjust the meaning. In the updating work, we follow the principle of word meaning selection and combination in the original dictionary, carefully weigh the meaning of each note, and make adjustments if it is inappropriate. The principles of word meaning selection are: important meanings cannot be omitted, and more obscure meanings are not included; It's not the meaning in classical Chinese, which is generally not included. This is determined by the nature and object of this dictionary. The principle of word meaning division and combination is: pay attention to the generality of word meaning, and the division of word meaning should not be too detailed. Some meanings can be quoted and compared again to reflect the internal connection of these meanings.
(3) Correct phonetic notation and explanation. We rechecked the phonetic notation and interpretation. The phonetic notation and definitions (including the text and the list of difficult words) in the original dictionary are generally accurate, but there are also some improper points, which have been corrected in this update.
This update has made great changes to phonetic notation: all phonetic symbols have been removed and only Chinese pinyin has been used. The marking method of orthography has also been changed: 1. Under the phonetic notation, in principle, Chinese pinyin and orthography are still used to mark pronunciation. However, if you can't find the orthography with the same phonological status as the middle ancient annotation, you don't need to mark the orthography. If it is false, there is already "Tongmou" behind it, and the orthographic word is no longer used. 2. In the input of disyllabic words and the phonetic notation of words in example sentences, only Chinese Pinyin is used, but not directly pronounced. This is done in view of the fact that Chinese Pinyin has become very popular at present, and most readers can pronounce it according to Chinese Pinyin. Therefore, direct pronunciation is only used as an auxiliary phonetic method.
(4) adjust the example. The principle of choosing example sentences in the fourth edition is: the example sentences should correspond to the interpretation accurately, and try to choose examples with earlier age, strong typicality and easy understanding. According to this principle, some original examples are replaced. In order to help readers understand examples, adding phonetic notation or crosstalk to some examples is a major feature of this dictionary, which has been maintained in this update. However, considering that the readers' level of ancient Chinese today is higher than that of 20 years ago, the phonetic notation or crosstalk in the fourth edition of the example sentences has been appropriately deleted.
(5) This update further standardized variant and simplified Chinese characters.
(6) The original Chinese chronology in the appendix was revised, and two parts, An Introduction to Ancient Chinese Grammar and How to Learn Ancient Chinese, were added.
In addition, after the completion of the fourth draft, some students in the Chinese Department of Peking University are required to check all the example sentences with the original book to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the documentary evidence.
The update began on June 1999, and Jiang was responsible for the update. Jiang, Tang Zuofan, Zhang Wanqi, Song Juvenile, etc. undertook the updating work, and some comrades participated in the auxiliary work such as data collection. The five of us discussed the updating principle, division of labor and work progress together, and Jiang put forward a concrete updating scheme and a summary table of adding and deleting prefixes. After the glossary was confirmed, five people divided their work: Tang Zuofan wrote A-F, Zhang Wanqi wrote G-J, Song Juvenile wrote K-R, S-T and Jiang wrote W-Z. After the first draft was completed, Jiang unified the manuscript, Tang Zuofan reviewed the pronunciation and Zhang Wanqi reviewed the prefix. The appendices "Introduction to Ancient Chinese Grammar" and "How to Learn Ancient Chinese" were written by Jiang, and Zhang Wanqi was responsible for the revision of the appendix "Chinese Chronology Table". The updating work was finally completed at the end of June 2004, which lasted for five years. We have been updating in our spare time for five years. Coupled with the limited level, the fourth edition will definitely have omissions and mistakes. I sincerely hope that experts and readers will correct me, and we will make further revisions in the future.
Although the scope of this update is quite large, we have never forgotten that the good foundation of this dictionary was laid by the original editor-in-chief, especially the guiding ideology and writing principles of this dictionary were determined by the linguist master and our teacher Mr. Wang Li. In this updating work, we still follow these guiding ideology and compiling principles of the dictionary. When updating, we miss our beloved teacher Wang Li, and his teachings will be engraved in our hearts forever.
Our updating work has been strongly supported by the Commercial Press. Editor-in-chief Jin Xinxin and editorial department Qiao Yong have done a lot of work for the publication of this book. Thank you.
Notes on the Revision of Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese in 2005+ 10/998
Since the publication of 1979, The Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese has been well received by readers and positively evaluated by academic circles. 1993 released the revised version. 1995 This book won the first prize of China Dictionary Award.
This time, using the revised version 1993, some changes have been made to the whole book, mainly: the glyphs and phonetic symbols have been checked according to the requirements of the specification, the improper interpretation of some items and example sentences has been corrected, and some example sentences have been replaced and supplemented. The collection of characters and the style of the whole book remain the same. Readers are welcome to make valuable comments on this book.
Compilation Group of Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese
1998 April 1988 Revision Notes
A Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese was compiled in 1974— 1975. Wang Li, Cen Qixiang, Dai Li, Tang Zuofan and Jiang from the Chinese Department of Peking University, Zhang Wanqi and Xu Wei from the Commercial Press are the main contributors. At that time, some teachers and students from other Chinese departments in Peking University and some workers from Beijing Gear Factory participated in the compilation.
This dictionary is compiled on the basis of "Common Words in Ancient Chinese" edited by Wang Li, and it follows and uses the compiling principles and styles of "Common Words in Ancient Chinese". Most of the entries in the first draft of the dictionary have also been approved by Mr. Wang Li. Therefore, this dictionary has certain characteristics and is welcomed by readers, which is inseparable from the guidance of Mr. Wang Li. But at that time, Mr. Wang Li failed to make a systematic examination and approval of the whole book. Of course, Mr. Wang Li could not be responsible for the shortcomings and mistakes in the dictionary.
Due to the historical conditions at that time, there were many mistakes, inappropriateness and omissions in the first draft of the dictionary. After 1976, the first draft was revised once. At that time, the dictionary writing group had been dissolved, and the revision work was mainly undertaken by Jiang. But this revision only corrected the obvious mistakes, inappropriateness and carelessness in the dictionary, and failed to make a more thorough revision.
Since the publication of 1979, this dictionary has been well received by readers and printed several times. On the one hand, it makes us feel happy, on the other hand, it also makes us feel responsible. Therefore, when the Commercial Press asked us to make a comprehensive revision of the dictionary, we readily accepted the task. Five people participated in the revision: Tang Zuofan, Jiang, Zhang Wanqi, Song Juvenile, The first three people are the main members of the original dictionary compilation group, and the last two people also participated in the compilation of the first draft of the dictionary. Jiang is responsible for drafting the whole book.
This revision has greatly changed and supplemented the original book, and mainly did the following work:
(1) supplementary entry. The text has increased by 4 16, and the list of difficult words has increased by nearly 200 after adjustment.
(2) The original entry has been greatly revised, some mistakes and shortcomings in the original book have been corrected, and many examples have been replaced; Some items have added meaning or attached disyllabic words.
(3) The appendix of the original book "Introduction to Ancient Chinese Grammar" was deleted.
Due to the limited level of revisers, the revised Dictionary of Common Words in Ancient Chinese will inevitably make mistakes. Ask experts and readers to correct me.
Revision Group of Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Common Words 1988 65438+ February Title: Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Common Words.
Author:,, Yang
Press: China Teaching Press.
Release time: 20 10- 1- 1
ISBN: 978780200349 1
Format: 16
Pricing: 26.00 Yuan Foreword
Precautions for using books/guides
Chinese phonetic syllable index
Radical dictionary
(A) the radical directory
(2) Word lookup table
Dictionary text
appendix
(1) Chronicle of China
(2) An overview of the evolution of China's historical system.
(3) Overview of the evolution of measurement system in China.
(4) Overview of the evolution of the balance system in China.
(5) List of Common Loanwords in Ancient Poetry
(6) Overview of ancient and modern homographs.
(7) A short list of adverbs in classical Chinese
(8) Summary of Classical Chinese Sentences