I. Lunan Stone Forest
Shilin Scenic Area is located in Lunan County, 0/00 km away from downtown Kunming. The scenic spot consists of seven scenic spots: Oishinohayashi, Xiaoshilin, Naigu Shilin, Dadieshui, Changhu, Yuehu, Zhiyun Cave and Weird Wind Tunnel. There are 400 square kilometers of stone forest in the county, which is a scenic spot with karst landforms as the main body and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad.
The so-called karst landform, also known as karst landform, refers to the phenomenon that surface soluble rocks (mainly limestone) are dissolved, precipitated, collapsed, subsided and accumulated by water, forming various special landforms-stone forest, stone peak, stone bud, karst bucket, sinkhole, underground river, strange Longtan and many lakes. These phenomena are collectively referred to as karst (because the karst plateau in northwest Yugoslavia is the most typical), and they are distributed in various provinces and regions of China, such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Sichuan, among which the best-developed and most beautiful stone forest is Kunming Lunan Stone Forest. 1966, the second China karst academic conference suggested that "karst landform" should be changed to "karst landform", so it is also called karst landform in China.
Shilin scenic area has a wide range and Shilin is concentrated. Because of its numerous statues and high landscape value, it is rare in the world. There are also developed provincial-level scenic spots such as Jiuxiang, Arugu Cave and Bailong Cave around. In addition, the climate is like spring all year round, which is comfortable and pleasant. This is a good place for sightseeing and leisure. 1982, the State Council was approved as the first batch of national key scenic spots.
Yi costumes, southern Shandong halogen rot, Yiliang roast duck and fried bee pupa are all special products worth buying or tasting when going to Shilin. The songs and dances of Yi people also have high appreciation value and cultural connotation.
Located in the east of Kunming, Shilin is a rare scenic spot in the world and a masterpiece of nature. In the area of 400 square kilometers south of Lunan, there are hundreds of black forest-like boulders. Some stand alone, and some crisscross into one piece, covering tens of acres and hundreds of acres. The most typical one is called Liziying Stone Forest. I saw strange stones rising from the ground, with uneven peaks and peaks, and they were praised as "the first wonder in the world".
During the Paleozoic Devonian period about 360 million years ago, Lunan area was still a part of Yunnan-Guizhou ancient sea. About 280 million years ago, the stone forest began to form in the Carboniferous. When the sea water flows, it constantly washes away the limestone in the sea, leaving countless gullies and stone pillars. Later, the earth's crust here continued to rise and accumulated for a long time before gradually turning the sea into land. After the sea receded, it experienced hundreds of millions of years of scorching sun, rain erosion, weathering and earthquakes, leaving this fairy-tale magnificent spectacle. From a distance, branches, stones and clusters of huge gray-black stone peaks hold their heads high in the sky and point to the sky, just like a vast black forest, hence the name "Stone Forest".
Liziying Stone Forest, the main tourist area of Stone Forest, covers an area of about 12 square kilometers, with a tourist area of about 1.200 mu. It is mainly composed of Shilin Lake, Oishinohayashi, Xiaoshilin and Li Ziyuan, with a tour distance of more than 5,000 meters. It is the largest, most concentrated and most beautiful place in Shilin Scenic Area. Enter the scenic spot, but see stone pillars, stone walls and stone peaks in different shapes, competing for each other. Some stone pillars are 40-50 meters high. At first glance, as an allegorical doggerel said, "If you look at a big stone from a distance, you will know that it is big if you look closely. The stone is really big, really big. " But the stone here is different. It is a wonderful painting that attracts tourists from all corners of the country to stop and watch every day. It is a beautiful poem, which has been recited by countless poets and poets throughout the ages. It is spiritual and alive; There are two horses crossing the food, peacock combing wings, phoenix spirit instrument, elephant distance stone platform, rhinoceros looking at the moon; There are countless elephant-like stones, such as Tang Priest Stone, Wukong Stone, Bajie Stone, Friar Sand Stone, Guanyin Stone, General Stone, Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Poets' Chorus, Mother and Child Traveling, Ashima and so on. , all lifelike, lifelike, breathtaking. Besides animals, there are many similar plants, such as mushrooms, jade tube flowers and so on. There is a kind of "Zhong Shi" that can play many different tones. The whole Liziying Stone Forest is a huge treasure house of natural stone scenery art, allowing visitors to observe, discover and imagine freely. In the scenic area, the peaks turn, the winding paths lead to secluded places, and the scenery changes, making people like a maze fairyland, and visitors are full of praise. There are lion pavilions, Wangfeng pavilions, stone platforms and stone benches in the scenic area for people to rest.
As early as the Ming Dynasty, Shilin has become a scenic spot. But it was not until 1950s that the government organized relevant units and personnel to seriously survey, design, build and build trails and roads, hotels, restaurants and shopping malls. And named some elephant stones. Shilin gradually became famous on five continents and became a world-famous tourist attraction.
You can also take a bird's-eye view of the Stone Forest by helicopter from Shi Hang, which is 6 kilometers away from the Stone Forest. It's also very interesting. Every year, June 24th of the lunar calendar is Torch Festival, and people of Yi and Han nationalities around Shilin gather from all directions to celebrate the festival. People hold wrestling, pole climbing and bullfighting during the day, and at night, they light a blazing yellow fire, play with dragons and lions, and perform folk songs and dances. Axi Moon Dance and Big Three Fairy Dance are the most popular traditional programs. Thousands of Chinese and foreign guests reveled all night. The combination of magical natural landscape and beautiful human landscape adds icing on the cake to the stone forest and multiplies its strength.
Xingzhi tip:
1. Transportation: Visitors to Shilin can take a bus to Kunming Railway Station Square, which takes about 2 hours. It is best to arrive at Shilin before noon, so that they can enjoy the tour better. There is a shuttle bus from Kunming to 30 yuan. You can also take a bus from Kunming to Lvliang and Luoping, and get off at Shilin. Ticket price 10 yuan. You can take the shuttle bus next to Jinhua Hotel on Beijing Road in Kunming, and the round-trip fare is 30 yuan. It usually leaves at 8- 1 1 in the morning, and the holidays are extended 1 hour. Kunming Railway Passenger Transport Company has opened special tourist trains for Shilin and Lvliang. For the convenience of passengers, the company has set up a green passage at Kunming Railway Station, where visitors can get on the bus and buy tickets at each station. The express train to Shilin takes only 1.5 hours, and the round-trip fare is 30 yuan, one-way to 22 yuan.
2. Tickets: Tickets for Shilin main scenic spot 140 yuan, all tickets.
3. Accommodation: Shilin Hotel is recommended, with two stars and national style. Visitors can overlook the beautiful scenery of the Stone Forest, and the standard room starts from 70 yuan. Shilin Summer Resort is a two-star hotel, located in the center of Shilin Scenic Area. Open the window and you will see "Linhai", starting from 80 yuan. Yunlin Hotel is a two-star hotel, which is located in Shilin Scenic Area and consists of two houses, north and south. The architecture of the South Courtyard is integrated with the natural stone forest, which is quite innovative. Room rate11from 0 yuan.
4. Private cars and carriages can be rented in the parking lot of Shilin Scenic Area. If you rent a pickup truck that can take four people, 150- 170 yuan/day; Hire a carriage, 60 yuan/day; If there are many people, you can consider renting a bus. You can take 15 people, 300 yuan/day; If you wave a taxi from Kunming to Shilin, the time may be longer. In addition, car owners often let you buy a return ticket. If you plan to stay in Shilin for one night, you'd better tell them in advance. If tourists choose to take a bus to Shilin around 10: 30 in the morning and pass through Yiliang at noon, they can buy the famous Yiliang roast duck here.
Stone Forest: Stone Forest Scenic Area known as "the first wonder in the world". Shilin Yi Autonomous County, located in the south of Kunming, is 86 kilometers away from Kunming.
About 300 million years ago, it was still Wang Yang. Two million years ago, hundreds of stone peaks, Dianthus, stalagmites, etc. were gradually formed in carbonate rocks uplifted on the seabed. After long-term dissolution, erosion and weathering of seawater and rainwater. Shilin got its name from this. Because the karst stone pillars here are magnificent, dense and tidy, and their distribution area ranks first in the stone forests of all countries in the world, they are listed as one of the eight natural landscapes of the earth.
The development of Shilin Scenic Area began more than 70 years ago, and now it has formed high-quality tourism services and complete tourism facilities. At present, the Shilin landscape is mainly composed of seven relatively concentrated and distinctive scenic spots: Shilin, Naigu Shilin, Zhiyun Cave, Weird Wind Tunnel, Changhu Lake, Yuehu Lake and Dashui. Oishinohayashi is located in the center of Shilin Scenic Area. When you come here, visitors will be attracted by a series of strange and colorful stone peaks such as "Lotus Peak" and "Sword Peak". There is a "peak pool" with an underground river, and there is a "Xiangfeng Pavilion" that can climb high and overlook. Small Stone Forest is another scenic spot adjacent to Daxinlin. Stone peaks are scattered all over the place, but they also have their own characteristics. Most of these stone peaks are distributed on the green grass, and the famous ones are Ashima, mother and son traveling together, watching the South China Sea, the elderly roaming, Suwu shepherding, Wannian Ganoderma lucidum and so on. Naigu Stone Forest is on the left side of the road one kilometer away from Dashilin. Naigu is a Yi language, meaning "ancient" and "black". Here, strange peaks and caves are connected together, and there are lakes and waterfalls. The lakes and mountains are self-contained and have a unique flavor. Changhu Lake and Yuehu Lake are several kilometers away from Dashilin. They are two small and exquisite lakes. The lake is clear and tree-lined, full of the exquisite and simple charm of nature.
On June 5438+1October 65438+March, 2006, the application project of "Karst World Natural Heritage in South China", mainly in Yunnan Shilin, Libo, Guizhou and Wulong, Chongqing, was confirmed by the Ministry of Construction and approved by the State Council, and "Shilin" was formally submitted to the UNESCO World Heritage Center, becoming the only world natural heritage application project in China this year. On May 8, 2007, Kunming Shilin Scenic Area was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level tourist attraction.
Because karst has been fully demonstrated in the existing world heritage, at the IUCN Asia-Pacific Forum on Karst Ecosystem and World Heritage held in 2000, IUCN encouraged the ongoing Yunnan Shilin application project to declare the world natural heritage as soon as possible in the form of "South China Karst" series nominations. Under the leadership, organization and coordination of the Ministry of Construction, "Karst in South China" became the first inter-provincial world natural heritage project in China. Since 200 1, a series of extensive international and domestic demonstrations have been carried out in Shilin, Yunnan, Xingyi, Guizhou, Kunming, Yunnan and Guilin, Guangxi. In September 2005, the Ministry of Construction decided that the three areas of the "South China Karst" application project were Shilin Karst in Yunnan, Libo Karst in Guizhou and Wulong Karst in Chongqing, and the three areas were bound to declare, which could meet all four criteria for the selection of world natural heritage.
Among them, the core area of Yunnan Shilin Karst Declaration Area (super-class and first-class protected area) 120 square kilometers, and the buffer area (second-class and third-class protected area) is 230 square kilometers. The main features are the most typical and abundant continental sword karst landform and the rare multi-stage complex geological evolution history. Meet one or two criteria for being selected as a world natural heritage.
World heritage is an international recognition of a region's outstanding natural and cultural heritage and a world honor. World natural heritage is the top brand of regional natural resources and value, which has unparalleled authority and is widely recognized in the world. Numerous facts show that world heritage countries are big tourist countries, and world heritage sites are tourist attractions.
Once the brand of "World Natural Heritage" is established, the excellent natural resources of Shilin can be permanently protected according to international standards. It can greatly improve the popularity of Shilin, fundamentally consolidate and strengthen the reputation and position of Shilin County in China and even the world, bring huge economic benefits, lay a more solid foundation for sustainable development, and leave a golden signboard that will benefit future generations forever.
2. Thousand Island Lake Stone Forest
There is a beautiful stone forest next to Qiandao Lake, with a square garden of 10 square kilometers. It belongs to labyrinth karst landform, with Lanyuping and Guiling as the winners. Xishanping Stone Forest, formerly known as Baiyun Mountain, is the main tourist part of Qiandao Lake Stone Forest. The peaks in the area stand on the wall, and the mountains are stacked, and blue-green stones are pulled up on the ground, like bamboo shoots, trees, castles, houses, villages, waves of the sea, like madness, like wild beasts rushing, like dragons, like birds spreading their wings, like three armies fighting, like smoke flying, like people tumbling, like hunting with flags ... There are many vines in the stone forest of Qiandao Lake. Ivy leaves go up along the stone, and some pass through it. This kind of rattan-stone intertwined landscape is amazing, and the busybodies call it rattan-stone edge.
Zhang is very attractive in the Shilin Scenic Area of Qiandao Lake. Zhangliangdong is a shallow cave, rather than a cave, it is a concave deep ridge, which is about five meters long and two meters deep. There is a stone table called Chessboard Stone, where Sean played chess with his teacher Huang Shigong when he lived in seclusion. Sean was the founding father of the Han Dynasty. Legend has it that he once met the immortal Huang Shigong. Huang Shigong took out a compilation of Sun Tzu's Art of War and awarded it to him. Huang Shigong said: "Reading is the teacher of king, and it will flourish in the next decade. In thirteen years, Junko saw me, and I was at the foot of Gucheng Mountain in northern Hebei. " After reviewing Looking Up, Sean went to vote for Liu Bang, and finally helped Liu Bang win the world with the wisdom of this book. When the Han Dynasty was founded, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang rewarded people with meritorious service. Sean has no exploits. How can we reward him? Liu bang said: "In the strategizing, the winner is thousands of miles, and the ovary is also successful." Therefore, Sean was named Liu Hou. Therefore, Sean has become a model of counselors and a banner of "Wang's teacher". Liu bang's phrase "strategic planning, winning a thousand miles away" has become a famous saying throughout the ages. It is particularly interesting that Huang Shigong said that he was originally a Yellowstone National Park. According to historical records, thirteen years later, Sean went to Gucheng to find a teacher, and sure enough, he found a piece of Yellowstone, which was amazing. Before he died, he specifically asked to be buried with Huangshi.
There is also a cave called Yinqin Cave in the Stone Forest of Qiandao Lake. Water flows out of the hole in a waterfall shape, and its voice is crisp and loud, like melodious piano sound. Walking into the cave, although the cave is not big, it is tall and bright with a skylight. The cave wall is white, plump and smooth, which is suspected of female skin.
There are many pebbles in the scenic area, much like Tang Priest, the Monkey King, Pig Bajie and Friar Sand. Among them, the more obvious and interesting ones are: the Tang Priest worships Guanyin, the Monkey King recites the scriptures, Bajie explores the road, and the tortoise carries the scriptures. The Tang Priest and Guanyin are two stone peaks more than ten meters apart. Viewed from the side, they are very similar to Tang Priest and Guan Chen. In the morning and evening, bathed in the sun, the two stone statues sparkle and are very beautiful.