In recent years, with the rapid development of infrastructure construction, the investment scale is getting larger and larger, and there are more and more engineering projects. In form, the management of engineering construction has changed from "the ocean of tactics and experience management" to "mechanized construction and information system management", and in concept, it has changed from "funds depend on appropriation and only pay attention to internal quality" to "funds are paid, but quality is external solid". In this process, it is really changing with each passing day, which embodies the painstaking efforts and collective wisdom of countless builders. In the increasingly standardized engineering construction management, the importance of supervision work has been paid more and more attention. This paper discusses how to do well the management and coordination of supervision in construction stage.
1, adhering to control procedures is the premise of supervision and control.
The supervision procedure in the construction stage is formed on the basis of the construction procedure. Strict implementation of supervision procedures can make the main links and processes in the construction process under control, and only under control can we grasp the pulse of activities in the construction process, find problems in time and solve them in time.
For example, before the project starts, the construction application and relevant construction technical documents must be submitted in accordance with the procedures stipulated by the supervisor, and the project can only start after it is approved by the supervisor. This procedure undoubtedly strengthens the construction contractor's full preparation before construction, and at the same time ensures that the correct opinions of the supervisor are adopted and absorbed, so as to realize pre-control Adhere to the process quality inspection and acceptance procedures in the construction process, that is, the next process shall not be constructed without the inspection and acceptance of the supervisor. This program ensures that the process quality is under control and realizes the process quality control in the process. If there is a quality accident in the project, the accident handling procedure ensures the supervision to control it afterwards. From this whole process monitoring program before, during and after, we can see that it embodies the construction law and order, restricts the action of quality system, ensures the main links of engineering quality, and the main working procedures are under control.
2, adhere to standardized management is the basis of control work.
Standardized management of supervision mainly refers to transforming the content of "three controls, two controls and one coordination" from form to content into standardized management and control, so that every step of work has unified regulations and requirements, standard basis and qualitative and quantitative measurement standards. Standards are restrictions on arbitrariness, so they are the basis of control. The content of supervision standardization management can be divided into two aspects: supervision internal management standardization and external control standardization. First, the standardization of internal management is the further improvement of supervision rules and regulations, which is operable. It is to standardize the operational behavior and personal behavior of internal organizations, so that the good and bad behaviors of internal organizations and individuals can be measured qualitatively and quantitatively, thus establishing a competitive incentive mechanism that rewards the superior and punishes the inferior, and the survival of the fittest. This is the internal guarantee and foundation of supervision and control. Secondly, the standardization of external control mainly transforms the project quality, progress, payment and settlement, information and contract management into standardized control and management, and requires the construction contractor to plan, implement, check, rectify, pay and complete the project implementation plan according to the standardized control requirements specified by the supervisor. For example, in the process of construction, the construction contractor must submit the standard charts and standardized acceptance data of various projects such as visa, certification, testing, evaluation and payment according to the content standards and forms required by the supervisor. On the one hand, standardized control standardizes the behavior of supervision service, which is beneficial for supervisors to improve their management level; On the other hand, it limits the arbitrariness of contractors in management and promotes the improvement of their construction management level, which is the main purpose and external foundation of external control standardization. For example, a supervision engineer needs considerable theoretical and engineering experience to draw up a chart combining the planning, implementation and control of project quality, progress and investment, so as to strengthen the supervision's comprehensive understanding of the contract and force the supervision engineer to study the business and supervision theory; At the same time, the construction contractor is also required to do it according to the standardized management content requirements formulated by the supervisor, so as to promote the improvement of its management level.
3. Carefully examining the construction drawings before construction is an important part of supervision.
Engineering design drawings are legal documents of engineering projects and important basis for engineering project construction. Both supervision and construction must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the drawings. Therefore, after receiving the design drawings, the project supervision department should carefully review and study the drawings, which can not only find the difficulties and problems in the drawings, but also clarify and solve them in time. At the same time, supervision opinions are put forward on the use function, structure and equipment selection, construction feasibility and project cost of construction projects, and effective pre-control is carried out, which also establishes a good start for comprehensive supervision.
First of all, through drawing review, I have a preliminary understanding of the project, and have a good idea of the construction sequence and construction difficulty of each department. Based on this, we comprehensively and reasonably select and set quality control points, and embody them in the supervision plan, supervision rules and supervision work parallel plan to ensure key control in the implementation of specific supervision work in the future. Avoid or minimize the occurrence of quality problems. Secondly, by reviewing the drawings, we can find out whether there is any inconvenience in the drawings, and discuss with the construction unit according to the specific situation to improve the construction methods and techniques to ensure the construction quality. Or discuss with the design unit and put forward supervision suggestions to see if design changes or local modifications can be made. Thirdly, it depends on whether new materials are used in the drawings and whether new technologies and new processes are needed. If there are new materials, please ask the design unit to put forward the design requirements, introduce the material properties, and ensure the success of the new materials; If new processes and technologies are selected, the possibility of construction technology should be discussed with the construction unit, and whether it has the corresponding construction capacity, and the design unit should be invited to make design disclosure and introduce relevant technical requirements to ensure its application. Finally, it is necessary to understand the specifications, procedures and construction standard atlas required in the drawings, and ask the design unit to guide the contractor to make relevant preparations.
4. Give full play to the main role of supervisors in supervision.
In the process of engineering construction, the main tasks of supervision are "three controls, two pipes and one coordination", namely quality control, schedule control, investment control, contract management, information management and engineering coordination. Supervisors should always take laws and regulations, design requirements, construction specifications and quality acceptance standards as the criterion in their work, always follow the supervision practice criteria of "abiding by the law, being honest, fair and scientific", strictly follow the requirements of bidding commitments, contract documents and supervision specifications, strictly follow the supervision principle of "strict supervision, enthusiastic service, being fair and meticulous", and firmly establish the quality consciousness of "a hundred-year plan and quality first" in the construction process control. Put quality control in the first place, strictly implement various rules and regulations, and make sure that there are reports on commencement, construction measures, technical disclosure, positioning review, materials testing and inspection, inspection lot signing for acceptance, concealed works signing for inspection and key parts standing by. Strictly put materials, equipment and semi-finished products into the site, and materials that have not been inspected or failed to pass the inspection shall not be used in the project. Those that have entered the site shall be cleared out of the site within a time limit or degraded for use according to regulations; Without inspection or unqualified inspection, it is not allowed to enter the next working procedure or transfer order.
5. Pay attention to the position of site supervision in quality and time limit for a project.
"Station by station" is an important link of supervision. If the station-by-station supervision lacks supervision, inspection and supervision, it can't follow up the inspection, find the problems in time, and coordinate and solve the problems in time, the process will easily get out of control, and once problems occur, the consequences will be extremely serious. It is far from enough for supervision work to rely only on test data and measurement information. In the construction, we must attach importance to and strengthen the on-site supervision of quality control, and require supervisors to take the form of standing by, patrolling and parallel detection, and supervise and inspect in time according to the construction procedures. On-site supervision should not only have the corresponding quality of on-site quality control, strengthen contract consciousness, avoid natural and man-made factors, but also thoroughly understand the terms of the contract, avoid problems and be caught off guard, and deal with the contradiction between quality and time limit in a timely and decisive manner.
6, strengthen the safety and civilized construction control
Building engineering is a "rough job" from the beginning, and people should pay attention to safety issues along with the whole process of engineering construction. Everyone knows that "the movement of celestial bodies affects people's mood", but they don't know that civilized construction has its unique indirect role in engineering construction. The implementation of the project and the use of machinery are controlled by people's subjective initiative. On-site civilization will affect people's emotions, and people's emotions control the intensity and quality of people's role in production and social activities. The change of habit is based on supervision, and the supervision role of supervision in engineering must have considerable weight, so strengthening the control of on-site safe and civilized construction is also an important content of engineering construction supervision.
7. Strengthen the inspection and patrol work in the construction process.
In the process of construction, the supervisor should regularly and irregularly check the construction scope under his jurisdiction, rectify and deal with problems in time, nip safety and quality hidden dangers in the bud and avoid safety and quality accidents; Conduct as many surprise inspections as possible. If problems are found, they will never be dealt with mercilessly. Those who fail to meet the design and specification requirements will never be spared, so that the construction personnel have correct quality awareness and standardized operating procedures, and form the habit of standardized construction and the work style of supervision personnel.
In short, the management and coordination of supervision in the construction stage of the project is to give full play to the role of supervisors as the main monitoring body in the construction process, conscientiously do a good job of "three controls, two pipes and one coordination", always take laws and regulations, design requirements, construction specifications and quality acceptance standards as the criterion in the work, always follow the "law-abiding, honest, fair and scientific" supervision practice guidelines, and strictly follow the requirements of bidding commitments, contract documents and supervision specifications.
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