First, the charm of interpersonal communication
TV talk show is a kind of TV program that transforms the face-to-face interpersonal communication between the host and the guests (some programs include the audience) in the studio into mass communication through TV. Although TV talk show can rely on TV as a mass media to expand its audience, its main form of expression is face-to-face interpersonal conversation and communication, which is not only the difference between it and other TV programs, but also its inherent advantage.
Interpersonal communication is an information exchange activity between individuals. ② It is a way of spiritual and information exchange that has existed since the birth of human beings. People keep abreast of changes in the environment through interpersonal communication, and constantly adjust their behaviors to adapt to new changes, establish social communication and cooperation with others, and release mental stress. Therefore, interpersonal communication is an important guarantee for human survival and development.
After stepping into industrial civilization, trains, airplanes, telegrams, telephones and other means of transportation and communication have made interpersonal communication easier and more convenient. However, in real life, busy work and the pressure of survival have not increased face-to-face interpersonal communication between people. After 1930s, mass communication tools such as TV and Internet appeared one after another, and the time of face-to-face communication was occupied by these mass communication tools, such as listening, watching and reading, and the time of people's face-to-face interpersonal communication decreased sharply. Defoe and Paul Gith pointed out in their book Principles of Mass Communication that the relationship between individuals and the surrounding social order in mass society has three characteristics: "1. Psychologically, the individual is in a state of alienation from others. 2. The communication between people is generally impersonal. 3. Individuals are more free and are not bound by informal social obligations. " It can be seen that people in modern society lack face-to-face interpersonal communication. In the period of social transformation, people in China have also changed from people with emotional and personality characteristics in traditional families in agricultural society to "atoms" on industrial production lines in other cities. They lack interpersonal communication channels and can't get rid of loneliness. They urgently need to explain, communicate and tell all this and find coordinates and emotional support for their existence and development.
"Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang" well grasped the social psychology of China people's desire to communicate with others during the social transformation period, and came into being. It restores the state of face-to-face interpersonal communication with television as a mass communication tool in traditional society, and fully demonstrates the charm of face-to-face interpersonal communication. When dealing with the atmosphere of conversation, Three Sides of Deng Yongqiang rarely carries out too much planning and packaging, and it is impossible to plan the content of each conversation in advance for the number of programs broadcast five times a week. Therefore, in the words of the host Tao, this program "is the kind of chat with our ordinary friends, and we just use our true colors to make the chat in life on TV as real as possible". "Chatting often emphasizes the process of chatting ... We are all human beings with temperament, and we are willing to speak freely and enjoy it ..." (4)
Therefore, in the layout of the column background environment, "Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang" wins by its true colors, which is very simple and warm: one table with three chairs and one cup for each person, which is a bit like a warm living room at home and a bit like a leisurely tea room in the city, without music accompaniment and audience. Guests feel almost the same here as at home. At the same time, the recording and broadcasting mode in which only three guests and the host chat in the studio is also conducive to the psychological relaxation of the talker and the cultivation of chatting emotions, thus reducing the "situational constraints" that ordinary guests are likely to encounter when entering the studio, reducing the discomfort and strangeness of the guests, and allowing the guests and the host to talk in Kan Kan.
During the conversation, the host Tao and the guests all appeared in their true colors, dressed casually, and went to a friend's house after work. The tone of speech and the language used are as casual and plain as when chatting with friends in life. In this program, we can see the incoherent and stuttering appearance of the host Tao when he is excited, and we can also see the performance of the guests in their true colors. For example, when the writer Wang Shuo talked about happiness in the program, he turned his seat 90 degrees, laughed his head off and danced like a child. When interviewed by the media, these guests are usually serious, solemn, unsmiling and seem a little distant. But in this program, they completely relaxed, inadvertently revealed their true colors and spoke their minds. On the contrary, people think they are witty, humorous and friendlier. Therefore, "Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang" has no show and no packaging, which embodies the original ecological program form of dialogue between friends in life. It is very attractive to modern people who lack a circle of friends who can talk face to face and have less interpersonal communication. When people sit in front of the TV, they feel that "three sides of Deng Yongqiang" are their circle of friends, and they can get satisfaction and pleasure in speaking from the program.
Second, the cultural interpretation of popular topics
Most of the topics of conversation between friends are broad, casual and jumping. "Three Sides of Deng Yongqiang" has a wide range of chat topics, and you can talk about politics, such as elections in Taiwan Province Province and Chen Shui-bian; You can also talk about social hot topics such as the tiger photo incident in South China; Or talk about emotional topics such as marriage and love; You can also "gossip" and comment on people in the entertainment circle, such as the scandal of Edison Chen Yanzhaomen and so on. Although the topic is constantly changing, one thing remains unchanged, that is, the chat content is the news event that the audience is most concerned about recently. Obviously, this is what all talk shows are doing, but Three Sides of Deng Yongqiang cuts into news events from a very unique angle. In terms of how to talk about these news events and from what angle, "Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang" can make a cultural interpretation of popular social phenomena, and pay attention to processing information from different cultural perspectives of Chinese and Western cultures and three places across the Taiwan Straits, thus causing the exchange and collision of audience's thoughts under different cultural backgrounds. In this way, the conversation is aimed at the audience.
At present, the competition between media has changed into the competition of columns, and the focus of column competition is the competition of information processing mode and communication form. In the face of information homogenization, it is not decisive what kind of information resources it occupies. What is important is how to interpret and disseminate this information. Different media will interpret the same news information differently and form different "codes", which is the key point of media competition today. The "coding" ability of the media is the competitive strength of the media. For the same news event, different styles of talk show columns will choose their own perspectives, dig up topics and show their own personality characteristics.
Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang is good at cultural analysis of social phenomena, that is, it is good at responding to social hot topics from a cultural perspective and talking about cultural taste. Because most of the guests are scholars, they often talk about ordinary things in an unconventional way, which has deep cultural connotations. Xu Zidong and Liang Wendao of Tiesanjiao Group are both scholars who have studied Chinese and Western cultures, while other guests are generally people who have some knowledge or research on the background of the topic to be discussed. Therefore, their views are often unique and do not draw on the wisdom of others. The purpose of this talk also shows Phoenix TV's idea of running Taiwan: "No matter how to cater to it and how to pay attention to ratings, there is no problem, but we must adhere to three things: culture, morality and taste." As long as we grasp the principles of culture, morality and taste, we can cater to the audience and introduce the ratings into the program evaluation system. " ⑤
He is not only good at cultural interpretation of popular topics, but also pays attention to the cultural exchange and collision between China, Taiwan Province, China and the West by using his own advantages, that is, he can pay attention to the comparison between China and the West, Hong Kong, Taiwan and the mainland in the background of his topic, broaden his horizons and realize cultural communication and exchange, thus narrowing the distance between Chinese people around the world.
Third, an equal and relaxed conversation atmosphere.
An important feature of interpersonal communication is that "neither party has the right to force the other party, nor has the obligation to accept coercion", which means that interpersonal communication is a relatively free and equal communication activity. Otherwise, you can't successfully complete interpersonal communication. Therefore, TV talk shows must also create and embody an equal interpersonal atmosphere.
"Three Faces of Tang Qiang" defines the program as a way of chatting between friends, and the two sides, the host and the audience of the dialogue are all defined as friends and in an equal position. The host has three names for guests. One is "calling each other brothers", such as Liang Wendao's "Brother Wendao" and Xu Zidong's "Brother Zidong". The second is to address guests as teachers; Three people are called by their first names, for example, Carina Lau is called "Ling Chia". The choice of these titles is very kind, in line with the positioning of chat programs, thus narrowing the distance between guests and viewers. The keynote of the conversation is not preaching and teaching style, but an equal and relaxed conversation atmosphere.
For the people being talked about, we also talk from an equal angle. In the past, under the "focus" of the media, the audience saw that the images of politicians, celebrities and stars who made achievements were perfect, and the news reports about them were also unanimous. This view of celebrities is upward, not head-up; The introduction of characters is also flat, not multifaceted, so that these celebrities are misunderstood as perfect in work, life, morality and life. But the discussion of these public figures in Three Faces of Deng Yongqiang is not icing on the cake, but to restore them to real people. From this point of view, the aura of authority has disappeared, and the audience sees people with the same advantages and disadvantages as themselves.
This equal and unique way of analyzing the world makes the audience who have been in a state of "no self" for a long time feel the independent and free right to speak under the authority and guidance of the media, gives fresh audio-visual experience to the educated China TV audience, and invisibly cultivates the audience's sense of equality and democracy, which is one of the essential qualities of modern citizens who are in urgent need of training in China's modernization. Tao, the host, was praised by New Weekly as "a cutting-edge figure with the most civilian consciousness"