Tian Zi Temple has four doors, five squares and nine entrances, dragon columns and yellow tiles. Officials and scholars must work hard to enter the temple. The largest official temple is the Confucius Temple, which is the same as the imperial level. According to the regulations of Ming and Qing dynasties, only senior officials with three or more products were allowed to build family temples, and there were strict regulations on building regulations. "The Draft of Qing History" records: "There is a room in the east of each official hall, five halls and three halls, with a wall on the left and right. There are mezzanine rooms in the north and rooms in the south. Two courtyards, Tibetan clothes and Tibetan sacrificial vessels. The court was dazzled. "
The Qing court stipulated that officials above the third class could build temples. The feudal hierarchy was strict, and there were also strict regulations on the sacrificial objects of the temple. "Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty": "There are four rooms behind the (family temple) hall, which serve Gao, Zeng, Zu, You, Zuo Zhao and Nomadic respectively, and they are matched with each other, facing south. Above the great-grandfather, it is embarrassing to be near. " In other words, the family temple can only worship the great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, father and their spouses, including collateral relatives in the five clothes, and can only offer sacrifices to ancestors to the maximum extent.
The ancestral hall of this clan is Ming style, which was built by Jiangxi craftsmen in three years and eight months, and was completed in the third year of Daoguang (1823). It is a brick-wood structure, with blue bricks on the exterior walls, hard hilltops and arc-shaped volcanic walls. The whole building is simple and steady, with exquisite structure, which not only has the official architectural style of Ming and Qing dynasties, but also has strong traditional architectural characteristics of Huizhou style, giving people an unprecedented refreshing feeling.
(loyal family style, door hairpin)
The temple covers an area of 756 square meters and contains three Daoguang three-year stone tablets. The main building has five towers and three entrances, facing south, and has a regular layout, which is divided into three halls: front, middle and back. East-west direction, five bays, due south direction, the overall layout follows the terrain, with the front low and the back high, arranged in turn, scattered and orderly. It makes the whole temple seem to have a clear priority and extraordinary momentum.
The eaves in the four corners of the front hall are flying in the air. The attic is 8 meters high, 6 meters long and 7 meters wide. The upper and lower floors are 4 meters high. The upper floor is a north-facing stage with cornices and horns. There are three doors in the south of the ground floor: the moon gate is outside; There is a black painted door in the middle, with a plaque of "Yin's Ancestral Hall" on it, and a carved lattice door in the middle. There are 6 meters high, 5 meters long and 6 meters wide side halls on both sides of the attic. The front yard is made of blue bricks with arched doors. The middle hall and the back hall are erected by heavy beams, and the volcano is sealed with bricks. There are six corridors on both sides.
The nave is 8m high,16m long and 7m wide. It is supported by heavy beams and arches out of the building. There is no wall in front and back, it is carved lattice doors and windows. The back hall is 8.2m high, 2 1m long and 7m wide. There are 30 red shrub columns with octagonal drum-shaped bluestone as the base. Brick walls in the back and lattice doors and windows in the front. Flying over the eaves and walking on the wall, carving beams and painting buildings. There is a wooden statue of "Kuixing writes the champion" in it. The whole temple is beautifully carved and painted with gold. Carved with carp yue longmen, lion rolling hydrangea and flower-and-bird figures, it is lifelike and famous far and near.
The original "Chi Pan" near the ancestral hall is now just a small pond. According to Confucian etiquette, the pool in front of the uterus in the Zhou Dynasty is round, but the princes can only use half to show the difference, so they are called "Chi Pan"; Another way of saying it is that the emperor's study is called "Bi Yong" and the vassal's study is called "Pan Gong". Biyong is surrounded by water, and the water in Pan Kilometers is only half, so it is called "Chi Pan". In addition, the descendants of Confucian scholars who sacrificed to the Confucius Temple and the vassal state in the Western Zhou Dynasty, as well as people with the highest rank, can build the "Chi Pan" in the ancestral hall.
While editing these historical materials, it suddenly occurred to me. Someone has slandered my article recently. I thought about it and thought it was really an accident. It has been a long time since I left the so-called "global XX" and did not participate in its leading group. Someone has been making a fuss about my past articles. The key point is that what I didn't say in my article was also framed to some extent, which may be a legend. Discuss the causes of the theory of Lian Zong, and what accusations have you received? If you want to add a crime, you can't stop it! I really experienced it again.
It is normal for local gentry, officials and politicians to die constantly in the Qing Dynasty. Although the control of Jiangnan was strict at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, and the iron boot policy of the Qing Dynasty cleared up many people, the Qing government gradually implemented the traditional policy of "ruling the world with filial piety" from the Kangxi Dynasty, advocated the construction of family temples, and conditionally supported the clan to govern its people, so as to realize "respecting ancestors and ancestors" and implement self-management. It is a common social phenomenon that families living together set up an auditorium to worship their ancestors.
The Qing dynasty was very strict in the management of ethnic groups. If there is no ancestral temple and no rank, it will be given a certain rank, but only a certain rank of ancestral temple. According to the official department, there are not many big officials who can take the exam at present, or the information is missing. The score is not enough. Send a royal gift, this is very easy to say. It is even less clear whether the ancients used human methods and tombs to scare away ghosts and gods. Although there is not much concrete evidence to prove Lian Zong's theory at present, we just regard it as a genealogical legend. However, combined with the customization of ancestral halls, it may be considered that the establishment of ancestral halls at that time was an expedient measure. It can be inferred that even the general theory has been overwhelmed by time and materials, and there is no real test or concrete material to prove it at present. However, in the name of borrowing, the construction of ancestral temples did exist in ancient times. Perhaps it is the legendary basis of this statement? For the unknown!
Most famous ancestral temples in ancient times are like this. According to the genealogy of Cai's family in Ningde, Jiyang Hall, compiled in the fourth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1878), in the spring of the 26th year of Daoguang (1846), I was determined to believe in the public ... Cai Xin, a university student in Wenhua Hall in Qing Dynasty, welcomed the gods. There are many examples of building ancestral halls in the name of university students. Whether it is Zheng Zhai Ancestral Hall, the first ancestral hall in Jiangnan personally given by Zhu Yuanzhang, or Hu Ancestral Hall, which is known as the first ancestral hall in Jiangnan in Jixi, Anhui, it is not uncommon.
Remarks: My Yin family ancestral temple is located in Shiyuan Township, Tianjiaan District, Huainan City, Anhui Province. At present, it is an intangible cultural protection project in Anhui Province and a provincial-level cultural relic protection building unit.
Author Yin's Note: In the New Year of Guisi (20 13), the author was deeply impressed by the prosperity of the Yin family. On New Year's Day, four-wheel drive was used to worship ancestors, and then the tombstone of the fifth ancestor was excavated. Unfortunately, Lin Liang and other clan relatives unearthed the monument many years ago. After several rubbings, it was buried in the soil, but the inscription was not found in detail. Only the inscription on Ghost Festival (July 15th of the lunar calendar) in Xu Bingnian (2006) that I have seen is very regrettable! When I asked Naifu after dinner, I remembered the children's stories. Xiao Yin bucai made a little memory and arranged the words as follows: According to "Three Years of Qing Daoguang (1823)", "In the spring of the first year of Qing Daoguang (182 1), my family of six, Yin Dagong (whose name is unknown for the time being), thought that Yin was a famous family in the city and asked the Qing government to approve the restoration of the ancestral temple. They all say that they are quick to whip. After that, Master Yin obtained the royal approval of Emperor Daoguang. According to the imperial edict, he summoned a group of craftsmen from Wuyuan and other places in Huizhou and began to repair the Yin ancestral hall! During the Cultural Revolution of later generations, my family worried that things started with Xiao Qiang, which destroyed some imperial monuments and temples and lost some rides of my Yin family. " Besides, my father also mentioned many stories about Sun Zhuangyuan and Li Hefei. In addition to feeling the wind and light in his hometown, Xiaoyin feels more and more sorry for the disadvantages of his family! At that time, if there were relatives who were not afraid of power and saved a number of cultural relics, there would be no sigh of incomplete reference materials today! Alas!
(Daoguang ancient monument, original word)
Attachment:
At present, there are mainstream space-occupying thinkers who put forward the theory of yin-like ancestor, but it really needs to be discussed. Many things in ancient times were vague. We can acquiesce in this recognition of the ancients and respect it as the representative of a Yin system. However, many ancient books were written by Yin Yin, no matter whether they are variant characters or not, and then unified to Yin Yin. Well, let's just say that, and then we'll say read the disk. This logic is mainly advocated by Yi Yin school. Yin, Yi and Yin may have the same surname, and the ancient history is very vague. The ancients said that Yin Shou, Yi Yin's ancestors and Yin Yin's ancestors were probably related to Chinese tones.
There are many original official and Yin sects. Later, in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, the theory of county officials appeared, and Yi Yin and Guanyin could tell the basic materials. Moreover, legends all say that according to A Brief History of Tongzhi Imperial Clans and The History of Taoism, Shao Hao's son sealed Yin Cheng and so on. And there are many sayings of Dongyi. In fact, they are all false tests. After the prosperity of Yi Yin School, the legend of Yin Cheng expanded. However, Yin Cheng actually said that this was a big discussion. Ethnic studies should spend more time on these, instead of unilaterally emphasizing the "eight unifications" of standards. Studying Yin culture is the essence of ethnology research, which does not require a branch to respect someone as an ancestor. This is unrealistic. Gifford Sect has many historical bases, and many sects are definitely not recognized as ordinary sects. Many ancient books say that "the official changed to the city and moved to the place of residence", and the branches such as the official branch and Hejian county hope are all facts that cannot be acquiesced. In any case, at least two schools are proof of various books and historical materials.
Guang Yun Jie Yin: "Mica, Binyun, Yang Shang, Yin Xiaoyun. Righteousness, sincerity, progress, and speaking the rule of culture. Also, the surname is Tianshui and Hejian. Zhou you. In addition, Yin Wenzi wrote a book on the appointment of Qi Wang Ding when the surname was restored in the Han Dynasty. In addition, the officials of Han Shu said: internal history, Zhou Guan. Therefore, Qin ruled the capital. Emperor Wu changed his name to Jing Zhaoyin. " Ying Shao said: He, so he ruled Zhou's land. Qin and the world, home to Sanchuan, defended the land of Heluo Yi, and Han changed its name to Henan Taishou. ……"
Historical facts have many branches. To be unified, but also comprehensive. Tianshui county is one-sided with Jintian family. Ignore other schools and counties. The position and writing are wrong. We can't engage in standard patriarchal clan system. It is most important to treat all branches equally, find out who is older and who is younger, or respect the ancestor of a genre as the ancestor. The bureaucratic standard atmosphere is a major drawback of ethnic studies.