Liu
(School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004)
Abstract: At present, small and medium-sized enterprises play a very important role in China's economic development. However, they generally lack management.
Consciousness, it is often difficult to ensure sustained and stable development, leading to the lack of sustainable competitiveness. This paper starts with the analysis of industrial engineering.
Small and medium-sized enterprises, China's problems in the development stage and the implementation of industrialization projects need to be applied to small and medium-sized enterprises.
Suggestions on engineering countermeasures.
Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises; Industrial engineering; competitiveness
China Library Classification Number: F276 44 Document Identification Number: A
Serial number:1007-7685 (2009) 01-016-03.
More than 1,000 small and medium-sized enterprises in China have reached 40 billion US dollars, which has contributed to China's economic development.
Played an irreplaceable role. However, in recent years, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has greatly improved.
Much slower, low welfare, great loss and fragmentation.
The phenomenon that the annual output increases year by year. Small and medium enterprises, about
68% of enterprises go bankrupt, and in the first five years 19% of enterprises can survive.
6 to 10 years old, only 13% of enterprises have a life span of more than 10 years old.
To give full play to the role of small and medium-sized enterprises, it is necessary to make changes.
The enterprise has short life cycle, high turnover, high mortality and small development.
A growing small and medium-sized enterprise that is reborn and maintains healthy and sustainable development.
In the long run, it can be the first choice for them to establish and strengthen their core competitiveness.
Force. Improve production conditions,
Industrial engineering is an enterprise lever to improve production efficiency and enhance competitiveness.
Small and medium-sized enterprises can only grow if they overcome difficulties.
First, the status quo of SMEs
industrial engineering
19 originated in 1980s, and it has been more than a century now. brass
Jill taylor and industrial engineering. United States of America
Cheng Industrial Engineering Association officially defined industrial engineering for the first time in 1955.
Listed as follows: "Industrial engineers, materials, equipment and
Design, Improvement and Implementation of Information Integration System
Technology, comprehensive application of mathematics, physics, social science expertise.
Knowledge and technology, combined with principles and methods of engineering analysis and design.
France, Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Achievement System
Price. "The definition of [1] is widely used, and some even until.
Today. In the second half of the 20th century, Japan introduced industrial engineering and
Combined with my own experience, the definition of industrial engineering is: "IE is
This kind of activity is a scientific method, which requires effective use of manpower.
Financial, material, information, time and other business resources are of high quality, reasonable price and timely.
While providing goods and services, the market explores various methods.
& gt people who do this kind of work
Blessing of satisfaction and happiness. [2], whether it is classical industrial engineering or modern industrial engineering,
There is a set of very practical skills and methods that are effective.
Solve all kinds of rationalization problems in the production process, the most prominent is
Enterprises that tap the potential can improve efficiency and productivity, and labor
Move it. But different from general technology, the focus of industrial engineering
The whole purpose of optimizing the whole system is to get the best benefit.
Industrial engineer is a very important harvesting technology. Its outstanding features are as follows
Small investment, high output and quick effect. Many companies don't even
Only by reorganizing production factors and optimizing production processes can investment be made.
The improvement of operation methods and on-site order rectification work have increased.
This potential can standardize eavesdropping and significantly improve efficiency and effectiveness.
. What technology is this? It is necessary to expand reproduction with connotation.
This road is necessary and suitable for China's advanced technology.
Since 1980s, with the deepening of reform and opening up.
For foreign-funded enterprises stationed in coastal areas? In a huge industrial project
It has certain application and popularization value. After nearly 30 years of hair
This shows that great progress has been made. According to incomplete statistics, there are hundreds of coastal areas in China.
It is suitable for industrial engineering of different degrees.
Process, these applications involve small and medium-sized enterprises in more than ten industries such as home appliances, building materials and information.
Especially in Guangdong and Shenzhen, many small and medium-sized enterprises.
Industrial engineering is an important means to improve the management level of enterprises.
Significant gains of 40% to 5 billion dollars. Business 10
The survey results show that the total investment is 760,000 yuan, and the annual net income is increased by 28 15.
Wan. [3] Although our enterprise application engineering,
The industry has made some achievements, but there are still many influences or limitations. "
Engineering problems of promoting and developing industry.
The gap between China and developed countries lies in the main technology and management level of families.
After that, there was a shortage of funds and personnel.
In the application of industrial engineering, Taiwan-funded enterprises, American-funded enterprises and Korean-funded enterprises in China are learning from other enterprises.
The passionate industrial engineering application inherited by mother is the soil for most domestic enterprises.
The biggest crisis in this industry is lack of knowledge. Although industrial engineering
Many technologies, such as "work research" and "facility planning", are used in some small and medium-sized enterprises in China.
Application, but not systematic, mass,
For a long time, he did not become a business leader, technician and manager.
Therefore, self-awareness cannot play a role in industrial engineering and production management.
The proper role.
Second, the application of industrial engineering needs of small and medium-sized enterprises
(a) the requirements of the times. An important symbol of a highly industrialized society, modern
Without complete industrialization and modernization,
It is difficult to achieve, if it is not completely modernized, it is difficult to improve enterprises.
Overall competitiveness, the company's whole process industrialization is later than Europe.
About ten years. Today, China's industrialization.
Performance can be described by two diametrically opposite pictures:
The overall index is the major industrial countries, and the per capita industry is weak. As far as efficiency is concerned, the degree of respect among development speed indicators is the highest in the world.
Living below the world average, in some advanced countries with cutting-edge technology.
The technical level is average, and there is a big gap in the world.
This fully shows that China's industrialization process is incomplete and the company's overall competitiveness.
Still at a low level. All regions
Small and medium-sized enterprises with 99% registered enterprises will be in the future for a long time.
We should also strive to improve our overall competitiveness.
The key to improve the overall competitiveness is to implement industrial engineering.
(2) external demand. Some SMEs in China are privately owned.
Enterprises are based on the development of some township enterprises.
Most of these entrepreneurs rely on their own courage to seize the opportunity of reform and opening up and become entrepreneurs.
Strictly control the affairs of their family, and it is inevitable to ask them face to face. This kind of management is in the early stage of enterprise development.
Steady growth has played a role.
After China's entry into WTO, the development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises has been placed in
Under the framework of WTO, it can be predicted that a free trade zone will be established in the next 10- 15 years.
Expansion and the existence of foreign-invested enterprises, the market competition faced by enterprises
Not only from themselves, but more importantly, choose a strong competitor from abroad.
Challenges, competition among enterprises and the end of production
Competition between performance and efficiency. at present
Compared with developed countries, the productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is still at a low level.
Under this background, the effective ways to improve the production efficiency of small and medium-sized enterprises are studied
Diameter has very important practical significance.
(3) internal demand. Most small and medium-sized enterprises in China are
Labor-intensive industries, many enterprises by a dozen small.
Hundreds of people have gathered in the square. However, the workshop management system only involves some differences.
A few thin pages, and there are no documents in the process of capital construction.
Standardization, not yet fully industrialized.
Think, is there any way to really get rid of traditional production and management and rough management?
Lower it a little. Therefore, it is urgent to master some modern management techniques.
Professional manager. This state is one year.
Western developed countries, the golden age of industrial engineering research and application. So, in fact, construction industry engineering
Must have made great achievements.
(4) Market demand. The trend of economic globalization is becoming more and more obvious.
Now, more intense market competition, emerging values? consumer
The structure is changing, diversified and personalized.
Development trend. The emergence of human society is a consumption-oriented era.
How to quickly change the market environment and the changing needs of customers?
Flexible, quick response, careful grasp
Passenger demand, efficient production, and provide products and services to customers.
Constantly exploring new consumer markets is the company's primary task.
Ask for a task. Industrial engineering allows enterprises to adapt to the market quickly
Promise.
Whether it is an industrial engineering application to help enterprises overcome difficulties, or
It is very important to support the future development of enterprises.
Help enterprises to restore their websites by solving long-standing unresolved efficiency problems.
Force, as soon as possible to complete the transformation of enterprises from extension to intensive development,
Survival and development. Seek production by adjusting the institutional structure.
The harmonious relationship between the system and various elements,
The integrity of the system can be optimized. Among them, "human factor" has been paid more and more attention, while industry
Engineering provides the basic ideas and methods to solve this problem.
In this way, it is not only the time to popularize and apply industrial engineering in China.
Requirements, but also a necessary condition for the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Third, small and medium-sized enterprises industrial engineering countermeasures
(1) Strengthen industrial engineering education and training. I
National industrial engineering is still in the primary stage, because the whole society lacks knowledge.
Enterprises, in theory, are system development and application push.
The extensive difficulties on the road cannot meet the needs of enterprises.
In order to enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises and promote industries internally.
Engineering, the most important task is industrial engineering.
Training, strengthen education and training. First, develop personalized courses according to business needs.
The rapid development of economy and science and technology has led to the change of final industrial structure and the adjustment of industrial structure and professional structure, which
Changes in enterprises or individuals directly lead to training needs, so training
According to the needs of enterprises and the quality of employees, training institutions.
Demand, develop personalized training courses, and actively assist enterprises in industrial engineering.
Very good employee training requires research, talent development and training.
. Collect and sort out the economic benefits of training, who
The only example, efficiency and social benefits, thus supplementing the teaching case.
Cases, providing basic reference materials for personnel training and development.
Second, to ensure the quality of training, research and develop new training methods.
In the process of training industrial engineering, continue to learn new training.
Methods, such as basic theory training courses, need a lot of case studies.
Theoretical explanation and appropriate skills training courses br/ > It is necessary to adopt pragmatic style guidance and let employees master standardized operation through operation.
Skills; In order to improve the fun of learning, games
Training methods can be introduced to encourage employees to actively participate in guidance and realize
Music, at the same time, can be implemented in order to increase the relevance of the course.
Analysis of case teaching methods, so that employees can quickly grasp the theory and
Skills. In addition, you can also combine advanced multimedia technology, through
Vivid sound and images and other media enhance their vitality and make employees more
More acceptable.
(2) Do a good job in pre-consultation and analyze your own needs.
Enterprises should implement management consulting experts in industry projects.
The Core Problems and Bottlenecks of Enterprise Management
Diagnose and analyze, redesign business processes, and adjust the existing weaknesses of the organization.
And standardize the work flow of each department. industrial engineering
"5WHI" technology can help enterprises find problems, find out the reasons and carry out mining.
Breakthrough improvement, enterprises can use it to implement public sector projects.
Preparation work.
(3) Local application of industrial engineering. In small and medium-sized enterprises
Industrial engineering, industrial engineering, can be applied locally, especially in some enterprises.
The application of industrial engineering in a single functional department, such as production.
Work research, standardize on-site reasonable operation and develop dynamic labor.
Quota standard; Apply human resource management technology to conduct reasonable recruitment, training and assessment training for employees.
Achieve efficient human resource management and
Science; It's true that production planning technology is applied to organize the production process.
Now apply economical and effective quality management technology in production process.
Surgery, in order to achieve product quality and work quality control, and comprehensively improve quality.
Enterprises, etc.
Establish a cross-functional team. When the application is local
Successful industrial engineering, the application of industrial engineering in enterprise internal system.
The work of the cross-functional team will be to carry out projects in the enterprise for future workers.
The basic model of the industry. Department of industrial engineering and other departments
The door is equal, but it directly affects the leadership of the business manager.
Cross-functional teams participate in the work of other departments, but do not participate.
(more irreplaceable) the specific business of each functional department. Such a function
Span range, working flexibility, authorization fee
Point, can provide effective support for management decision.
(5) Strengthen the integration of Industry-University-Research.
The development of small and medium-sized enterprises and the application of industrial engineering are effective ways to combine Industry-University-Research.
According to incomplete statistics, by the end of 2005, there were 16 in China.
Universities offer industrial engineering 66
Senior people, they are accused of setting up master's degree and bachelor's degree in industrial engineering, and some have set up special departments.
The latest development of theoretical disciplines in such a concentrated university of industrial engineering.
Dynamic research and professional knowledge of industrial engineering, training talents for enterprises.
Task, so the company can fully benefit from the cooperation with the university.
Its talent and technical advantages, to achieve productivity. [4]
Guo Fu, Yi Shuping. Industrial engineering [M]. Beijing: Machinery Industry Press
Society, 2005: 20-2 1.
[2] Luo, Chiles,. Application trend of industrial engineering [M].
. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2005: 69-7 1.
[3] Flame Mountain Stones, industrial engineering and the application of state-owned enterprises
The abbreviation of [J]. Construction Machinery, 2005, (9).
[4] Liuli discretionary industrial engineering: to strengthen the full use of the competitiveness of SMEs [J].
Economic Forum, 2008, (1).
(Editor: Xiao Xuan)
Human resource management system of industrial engineering discipline
Status in management, human resource management, industrial engineering, classification is BR/& gt；; It belongs to business administration, management science and engineering.
The purpose of the study of business activities is through science.
Business decision-making and practice promote the sustainable development of human resources, with human resources management. industrial engineering
Modern science and technology are transformed into real productive forces. It adopts systematic and specialized science.
Thoughts and methods, through the combination of engineering technology and management science, form a
Mathematics, operations research, economics, management, engineering, system science, computer science.
& gt Modern manufacturing comprehensive disciplines such as science and engineering, as shown in figure 1. while
Industrial engineering is the research object, and the theory and method of human resource management become the structure.
Entering one of the important contents of the integrity of industrial engineering discipline.
It can be divided into three categories: class design and improvement, analysis and decision-making, various technologies for controlling industrial engineering, and industrial engineering technology.
Integrated supported features and functions.
In the industrial engineering system, on the one hand, human resource management has its basic theory of behavioral science.
Closely related industrial engineering is an important foundation support. Its main purpose is to solve people's problems.
Recruit, appoint, assess and evaluate resources for appointment, transfer and promotion,
The training is fair and reasonable, improving the creativity and subjective initiative of employees and improving their work.
Benefit, and achieved good economic benefits. Figure industrial engineering
Two subject systems, human resource management, applied industrial engineering, industrial engineering.
The core and goal of the function is to reduce costs, improve quality and improve work efficiency.
In order to achieve the best overall system and expected actual effect, its function is to design, plan,
Evaluation and innovation. In today's society, knowledge and intellectual resources are increasingly dominant, making
Man has become the core element of modern production and management system. In this complex system,
Play a decisive role. Therefore, modern industrial engineering attaches great importance to production.
The human factors of this role. In recent years, the United States, Japan and other industrialized countries are developing human resources.
Mention a very important position. Its industrial engineering application is mainly reflected in:
1。 Accurately recruiting and selecting employees is based on the application of industrial engineering.
In the application process, people are also the most dynamic and uncertain.
Resources. In order to achieve the goal of industrial engineering application, modern production system must first
There are a group of high-quality, cooperative and highly responsible personnel.
In practice, enterprises should first analyze and design their own work according to the characteristics of production and operation.
Reasonable determination of human resources needs, and then choose recruitment. On the one hand,
According to the company's human resources needs, behavior and management experience, including professional knowledge.
Including the basic knowledge of evaluation. On the other hand, pay attention to skill assessment and apply industrial psychology.
Science, knowledge of human factors engineering, psychological and personality tests of recruiters, especially
Check the work and shape their potential and ability to support corporate values in the future.
Professional recruitment and selection to ensure candidates
It is required that its working state is completely consistent to ensure the production and operation results of the whole system.
2。 Intellectual support in ongoing industrial engineering applications
It is an important concept of industrial engineering to continuously improve the education and training of employees. The application of industrial engineering enables enterprises to obtain more effective overall management methods in the process of realizing their own strategic goals, and so on.
Foresight, timely change the organizational structure, production system and technical means to better adapt.
External environment of industry
The need to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. Enterprises should fully face
The key to innovation is whether employees can adapt to the new working environment and role. This needs continuous improvement.
The technical means and management methods of enterprises, in front of employees,
Continuous education and training enable employees to have enough strength to cope with external challenges. In fact, now
Representing industrial engineering education and personnel training as a production management system is also a job.
Arts and crafts, employee education and training have a huge return.
3。 A perfect employee appraisal system is to organize and guarantee industrial engineering.
All existing systems, schemes, plans and designs
And the evaluation and evaluation of whether the performance of individuals and organizations meets the established goals or standards.
Activities. Including evaluation and procedure formulation and implementation evaluation.
Distinguish which is better, clarify the problems and gaps, and provide scientific basis for decision-making.
An important aspect of human resource performance evaluation system includes enterprises that contribute to it.
And cooperation ability. Every link of modern production management system has strict requirements.
Employees must be absolutely competent for different jobs, and enterprises should establish a complete
The whole work performance management system. Conduct a comprehensive, objective and timely evaluation by employees.
Clarify the objectives and methods of industrial engineering application, and ensure the steady implementation of a series of improvements.
4。 Appropriate salary and reward promote the application of industrial engineering.
The basic form of salary and labor remuneration incentive is the most basic form. Modern enterprise
The industry has higher requirements for employees, as well as the fruits of labor, and the knowledge of employees is above.
Closely related knowledge and skills are mainly concentrated in the form of labor remuneration, which is based on knowledge and skills and will be paid in the form. Incentive mechanism is an important aspect of human resource management, which stimulates people's strength and mind.
The reason is that people remain positive and excited under the influence of some internal or external stimuli.
Demand, motivation and goal drive lead to people's enthusiasm and creativity. complex
Using various incentive mechanisms, employees can upgrade industrial engineering and consciously understand.
Mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of employees.
Third, from the perspective of industrial engineering, the development trend of human resource management
The rapid development of information technology has brought the global economy into the era of knowledge economy.
The role of information and knowledge in wealth creation. knowledge
Material input, human capital and economic development, science and technology are the core and important.
Power. In this context, it includes service industry and traditional system.
All kinds of enterprises, including manufacturing, provide new technologies and materials with lower cost efficiency.
Materials, new technologies and new industrial engineering products have expanded the company's profit space and improved the competitiveness of enterprises.
The new demand for human resources. This also makes the old pattern broken, and there is a group of harmony behind it.
Management, uncompetitive enterprises are eliminated, changing the old source code of human resources.
The needs of the situation. Under the application environment of modern industrial engineering, reasonable human resource management theory and practice
Is facing new challenges. From the perspective of industrial engineering.
The development trend of resource management human resources is reflected in the following two aspects:
1。 Systematization under the requirements of information technology
It has become the production and operation in the application field of modern industrial engineering.
Support technology. Through digital pipeline and other information collection, transmission and processing technologies
Establish management information system, decision support system, intelligent manufacturing system and computer-aided management.
And take this as a platform, through the perfect information network, timely and fast.
High-speed transmission and feedback, further improve the level of production and operation, strengthen
Human resource management and development trend from the perspective of industrial engineering
Gong Shandong University School of Management
This paper briefly introduces the position and function of human resource management system in industrial engineering, and discusses the information technology and modern industrial engineering under the new economic conditions.
This paper further discusses the characteristics and development trend of human resource management from the perspective of industrial engineering, that is, people-oriented, systematic and flexible.
[Keywords:] industrial engineering, flexible human resource management trends, the overall competitiveness of enterprises or weaken the competitive advantage of opponents.
Ideas based on information technology? Science and engineering system, industrial engineering
The important content of. Today, industrial engineering and management have been extended to the whole production system.
Infiltrate into the social production industry. Industrial projects are not only widely used in the production process.
Pan-application programs, such as computer integrated manufacturing system, agile manufacturing, MRP-II, ERP, etc.
Service industry and transportation industry have also been widely used, such as financial engineering and logistics.
Industry, supply chain and other applications, such as communication, through internet and intranet technology, raw materials
Manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, banks and users are connected into a network.
As a unified large-scale system research.
Key people, events and system analysts in industrial engineering strive to make each
Individuals maximize their potential. Under the new conditions, the new advanced production system
Mode and innovative management methods make
The technology center is people-oriented, and the multi-echelon structure is a flat network structure from the original organizational structure and business layout/> which puts forward higher requirements for human resource management.
For modern enterprises, it is necessary to formulate and implement a comprehensive human resource management system, select talents,
Nuclear test and evaluation, compensation and reward, etc. , are all included in this system, and cooperate with mining companies br/>; The docking of procurement, production and sales systems has formed their overall optimization.
2。 Flexibility and quick response in knowledge economy.
The concept of flexible manufacturing was first applied, but it is also industrial engineering.
Modern manufacturing system pays attention to solving problems and emphasizes the quick response ability of enterprises to the market. at present
The overall flexibility of modern enterprises' production and operation includes the flexible response to the market, not just flexibility.
Sex, flexible development, flexible production, including more flexible organization.
The creative activities of closed people play an important role in all activities to improve flexibility in enterprises.
It can be said that the competition between modern enterprises is actually the competition of talents, and the flexibility of enterprises is to a great extent.
Flexibility varies from person to person.
Flexible management is the product of enterprise management in the new economic era. Because only when the economy is new.
Generation, knowledge has become the first factor to promote the development of productive forces, the knowledge of knowledge workers.
The carrier is above everything else, and it has produced a focus on how to mobilize the people.
Initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, promoting the free and all-round development of human beings as the center of modernity
Human resource management. The difference between traditional management methods depends on the outside, while flexible management depends on.
Emancipate human nature, equal rights, democratic management, and inspire every employee's
Intrinsic potential, initiative and creativity, through the soft control of the potential advantages of the managed object, make employees become
Enterprises compete in the global market in order to gain the source of competitive advantage. Flexible management
In essence, it is a kind of "people-oriented" management, which needs to use "soft"
"Gender" approach to management and human resources development. So, how to improve the centripetal force, cohesion and sense of belonging, and respect people's personality independence and dignity?
On the premise that most employees are interested in the enterprise
On the basis of normal authorization, through the establishment of appropriate methods, flexible job analysis, flexibility
Training and assessment methods, flexible incentive mechanism, encourage all staff to participate in management, and let the organization become employees.
The conscious action of human resource management is an important content of exploration.
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