How to make primary school students develop good moral behavior habits

We should attach importance to the moral cognition education of primary school students and enhance their self-awareness of strengthening and internalizing unity. Key words: the cultivation of virtue, the way to cultivate moral behavior. Pupils' good moral behavior habits are the embodiment of their moral level or moral personality. Moral personality is a free, conscious and intelligent practice, which is the key to distinguish it from other animals. Therefore, reforming the ideas and methods of moral education in China and organically combining "moral indoctrination" with "moral cultivation" is an important topic in the current moral education construction. On the wall of the temple of Apollo in ancient Greece, the words "know yourself" are engraved. However, for thousands of years, people's understanding of themselves remains a mystery. Psychologists from Harvard University, a famous American institution of higher learning, pointed out that although human research topics such as brainstorming, spiritual revolution, IQ, EQ, psychoanalysis and mental health are popular all over the world, what we have done is far from enough. Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of reform and opening up, clearly pointed out that it is an important task to cultivate generations of "four haves" talents with ideals, morality, education and discipline that meet the requirements of socialist modernization. Obviously, "four haves" belong to the category of ideological and moral quality training and the task of moral education. Cultivating good moral behavior habits of primary and secondary school students is the primary task of current school education. Based on the author's teaching practice, especially under the new curriculum reform, this paper discusses several methods of cultivating primary school students' moral behavior. First of all, we should pay attention to the moral cognition education of primary school students. Strengthening the cognitive education of primary school students is one of the important ways to develop moral behavior. On the one hand, it is necessary to form a scientific and systematic modern moral education curriculum system, carry out moral knowledge learning activities and do a good job in the construction of moral education textbooks. At present, we are facing the new curriculum reform and comprehensively promoting quality education. At this time, it is necessary to put students' moral education task in the first place, inject moral education content into the teaching of all disciplines from primary school to middle school, follow the principle of gradual progress, and form a complete system, so that all disciplines can carry out targeted moral behavior education for students in the teaching process. On the other hand, to strengthen the construction of teachers and do a good job in moral education cognition, we should adapt to the psychological endurance and moral development level of primary school students, pay attention to developing and mobilizing students' psychological potential, and realize the internalization of moral education. Second, improve students' self-awareness and realize the unity of reinforcement and internalization. The cultivation of good moral behavior is the unity of reinforcement and internalization. Strengthening includes cognitive strengthening, civilized behavior training and good moral character strengthening. For example, how to let students learn to treat people, do public welfare, love the collective, love the motherland and serve the motherland. Teachers are required to consciously strengthen training in the usual teaching process or daily life. In particular, it is necessary to show students' behavior patterns, organize demonstrations or imitate moral practice, so that primary school students can understand and master the correct moral behavior patterns in the intuitive and vivid strengthening process, achieve the goal of internalization, and consciously develop good moral behavior habits. 3. Digging moral education materials in subject teaching. There are materials and contents of moral behavior education for students in the textbooks of various subjects. Teachers should actively, actively and creatively explore and discover them in the teaching process, and timely and effectively infiltrate and utilize them. For example, the two courses "Thought and Life" and "Thought and Society" are specialized in moral education for students. To make full use of them, their educational functions are unique. Therefore, teachers should put the educational functions of "Thought and Life" and "Thought and Society" in the first place, so that they can give full play to their educational functions, instead of instilling knowledge and political common sense in the first place. Similarly, "Chinese" course is an important subject for moral education of students, and other subjects also contain many moral education factors, which should be tapped as the material for moral behavior education of students and applied to teaching. Fourth, strengthen extracurricular extension and infiltrate moral education behavior. In the book Ethical Life in Late Europe, British scholar Leckie once divided human virtues into four categories. The first category is serious virtue; The second category is heroic virtue; The third category is the virtue of gentleness; The fourth category is practical virtue. The fourth virtue, in particular, is a virtue that promotes the success of one's career. Therefore, we should not only cultivate moral behavior habits in subject education, but also enrich campus cultural life. Such as: carrying out extracurricular activities or various practical activities. For example, hold a practical activity with the theme of "Cleaning Tuojiang River-Creating a Beautiful Home" to cultivate students' social morality in protecting the environment. It may be better for students to develop good moral behavior habits than some specific courses that instill moral concepts or social awareness. Fifth, pay attention to the important role of students' social morality construction in moral cultivation. Hegel, a foreign philosopher, said: "A person's personality is a series of actions, and the greatness and strength of personality can only be measured by the greatness and strength of contradiction. In accordance with the civic ethics of "patriotism and law-abiding, courtesy and honesty, unity and friendliness, diligence and self-improvement, dedication and dedication", we will shape a good and civilized social image and formulate students' moral behavior norms, civilized language and civilized behavior conventions. Call on students to carry out theme activities such as "shake hands with civilization, bid farewell to bad habits" and "offer love to poor students". This kind of moral education activity, which extends beyond the classroom, integrates knowledge, fun, entertainment and education, and is well received by students, enabling them to form good moral behavior habits unconsciously. Intransitive verbs improve the moral education level of educators and form a good educational environment. Kalinin, a great educator in the former Soviet Union, said: "A teacher's world outlook, his words and deeds will affect students like that." Learning to be a teacher is a model; Teachers' perfect personality is an educational force that can't be replaced by any textbook, moral proverbs and any reward and punishment system, and it will exert a subtle influence on students' growth. Teachers' noble moral sentiments and good moral image have far-reaching significance in classroom teaching. VII. The implementation of network moral education in the trinity of school, family and society If the educational standards of school, family and society are not uniform, it will cause many unnecessary psychological conflicts among the educated, increase their confusion, and thus affect the cultivation of primary school students' moral character and the improvement of their moral level. Therefore, the fundamental reason why we attach great importance to the cultivation of moral behavior habits of primary school students today is that morality plays an irreplaceable role in shaping people's mind, order and personality structure. Facing today's society, we should optimize the current moral education environment as much as possible, realize the effective coordination of school, family and social education, and make primary school students become productive talents with sound morality and personality in the new century. At present, in the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way and in the tide of market economy, some parents go out to work in pursuit of immediate interests, leaving their children alone at home to study or implement intergenerational management, which brings a lot of inconvenience to school management and leads some students to develop bad moral behavior habits from childhood. Especially the increase of single-parent children in modern society has increased the educational difficulty of moral educators. In order to cultivate qualified architectural talents, the whole society should mobilize and implement online education integrating schools, families and society.