In order to guide all localities to strengthen the work of preventing large-scale port machinery from gust and typhoon, and ensure the safe production of ports, according to the People's Republic of China (PRC) Port Law, the People's Republic of China (PRC) Safety Production Law and other relevant laws, regulations and standards, our department has organized and compiled the Work Guide for Preventing Large-scale Port Machinery from Gust and Typhoon (hereinafter referred to as the Guide), which is hereby printed and distributed to you.
Provincial transportation (port) management departments should guide and supervise the port administrative departments where the ports are located within their jurisdiction, and organize the implementation of large-scale port machinery to prevent gusts and typhoons. The port administrative department where the port is located should intensify publicity, convey the implementation guidelines to the relevant port enterprises within its jurisdiction, strengthen the guidance on the work of preventing gusts and typhoons, and promote port enterprises to improve the technology and level of preventing gusts and typhoons; Before the typhoon comes, it is necessary to check the typhoon prevention work of port enterprises within their jurisdiction, regularly carry out key inspections during the typhoon season, strengthen information communication with meteorological departments, timely issue typhoon prevention instructions, make specific arrangements, and urge port enterprises to effectively implement large-scale mechanical gust prevention measures.
All port enterprises should refer to the "Guide" and combine the actual situation of their own units with wind-proof facilities and equipment, formulate measures and working procedures to prevent gusts and typhoons, strengthen staff training, and do a good job in organizing and implementing them. After receiving the windproof forecast, port enterprises should immediately start the windproof special emergency plan for large port machinery, deploy windproof measures, and establish a 24-hour duty system to ensure the safety of large port machinery.
According to the actual situation of gust and typhoon prevention work in various places, our department will revise the wind load calculation and wind safety requirements of port loading and unloading machinery, and further strengthen the gust and typhoon prevention work of large-scale port machinery.
General Office of Ministry of Transport
2065438+July 24, 2008
(This work is released to the public)
Cc: General Office of Emergency Management Department, port administrative departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, China Port Association, China Classification Society, Ministry of Water Science and Technology, Ministry of Security, Ministry of Science and Technology, Search and Rescue Center and Maritime Bureau.
Safety guide for large-scale machinery in ports to resist gusts and typhoons
Scope of application of 1
This guide stipulates the safety requirements and measures for preventing gusts and typhoons of large port machinery, so as to guide port enterprises and port administrative departments to carry out the work of preventing gusts and typhoons of large port machinery.
This guide is applicable to large-scale port machinery operating in the open air, and other large-scale port machinery can refer to it.
2 normative reference documents
By referring to this guide, the clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this guide. For undated reference documents, the latest edition (including all revisions) is applicable to this guide.
Technical specification for high-strength bolt connection of steel structures JGJ 82
Wind load calculation and wind-resistant safety requirements of JT/T 90 port loading and unloading machinery
JTS 169 Technical Specification for Terminal Ancillary Facilities
JTS 3 10 Technical Specification for Maintenance of Port Facilities
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this guide.
3. 1 port large machinery
It refers to large-scale port machinery such as port portal crane, quayside container crane, rail gantry crane, ship loader (ship unloader), grain sucker, oil boom, tire container gantry crane, bucket wheel stacker/reclaimer, tire crane (25 tons and above) and outdoor fixed belt conveyor.
3.2 gust
Sudden gale with wind speed15m/s (level 7).
3.3 Typhoon
Refers to tropical storms, strong tropical storms and tropical cyclones with central wind force 12 or more.
3.4 windproof device
Refers to the safe and effective components or devices with the functions of preventing gust and typhoon and their foundations.
The windproof device mainly includes:
(1) windproof devices related to large-scale port machinery installed on the wharf, including anchorage foundation, anchorage pit support, mooring foundation, windproof stay cable (tie rod) support, windproof pull ring, stop device, etc.
(2) Windproof devices provided by large-scale machinery in the port include anchor insert plates (pins or hooks), windproof stay cables (pull rods), anti-creepers, wheel clamps, rail jacking devices, rail clamps, iron wedges, brakes, movable cab pins, pitching hook (pins) devices, etc.
(3) Windproof early warning (alarm) device, including equipment and facilities that receive, measure and record gust and typhoon information and send out alarms and alarms, mainly refers to anemometers with recording and alarm functions.
4 General provisions
4. 1 port enterprises should comprehensively consider the technical conditions of large-scale machinery in docks and ports, local typhoons, gusts and other factors, equip large-scale mechanical windproof devices in ports, formulate practical windproof measures, working procedures and special emergency plans, and conduct regular drills according to emergency plans.
4.2 Port enterprises should train port production personnel to make them have wind safety knowledge and operational ability.
4.3 Port enterprises shall establish windproof management ledger, including but not limited to the following contents:
(1) records of windproof equipment;
(2) Inspection, maintenance and maintenance records of windproof devices;
(3) Training records of port production personnel;
(4) windproof measures, working procedures and special emergency plans;
(5) Record of the wind-proof special emergency plan drill.
4.4 Port enterprises should make judgments and carry out typhoon and gust prevention work according to the mastered meteorological information, combined with the information of large-scale mechanical anemometers in the port and on-site meteorological observation.
4.5 Port enterprises should equip large port machinery with windproof emergency materials, such as binding equipment, blocking equipment, emergency power supply and tools.
4.6 Port enterprises should regularly check windproof devices and windproof emergency materials, at least once a month in typhoon and gust-prone seasons and at least once a quarter in other periods.
4.7 Port enterprises should evaluate each windproof action or windproof emergency drill.
4.8 Monomer typhoon prevention measures should be taken for large-scale machinery in ports. When it is really necessary to take the combined typhoon prevention measures, port enterprises should formulate the combined typhoon prevention plan according to the actual wind conditions and expert argumentation to ensure the safety of large port machinery during the typhoon.
5 Safety requirements for windproof devices
5. 1 The windproof device shall be equipped and set to meet the requirements of windproof capacity of large-scale machinery in the port.
5.2 The wind resistance rating of large machinery in the port is based on the maximum wind speed once every 50 years. If the 50-year maximum wind speed in the area where the newly built, expanded or rebuilt coastal wharf is located is lower than the JT/T90 fortification requirements, the wind resistance level shall be based on JT/T90 fortification. The windproof device shall meet the requirements that large-scale machinery in the port will not slip and overturn under the fortification wind speed.
5.3 When mooring devices and windproof mooring devices are not used, other windproof devices should meet the requirements that strong winds act along the running direction of large port machinery at the speed of 35m/s (coastal ports and docks) or 30m/s (inland ports and docks), and large port machinery will not slip; When the wind speed exceeds 35m/s (coastal ports and docks) or 30m/s (inland ports and docks), the wind resistance should be determined according to the actual demand, and effective windproof devices should be configured to ensure that large machinery in the port does not slip.
5.4 The windproof devices of large port machinery installed on the wharf shall comply with the relevant provisions of JTS 169.
5.5 The traveling mechanism of large port machinery should have good braking function, and its braking and releasing actions should be interlocked with the traveling mechanism. Except for manually controlled windproof devices, other windproof devices shall be capable of automatic operation from the control room. Large port machinery should be equipped with ground emergency stop switch.
5.6 The windproof pre-alarm device shall have the function of displaying instantaneous wind speed and alarming, and store the wind speed value when alarming. The anemometer shall be installed in the design position. The windproof early warning (warning) device shall be equipped with emergency power supply. Conditional ports can choose to configure meteorological radar.
5.7 Anchoring devices and windproof mooring devices shall ensure that large port machinery will not move and overturn under the action of the designed maximum fortification wind speed.
5.8 Anchorage insert plate (pin or hook) can be fastened by inserting triangular cone into anchorage pit bracket to prevent large machinery from shaking, collision or foundation deformation in the harbor.
5.9 The connection of windproof device shall be safe and reliable. The connection with high-strength bolts shall comply with the provisions of JGJ 82.
5. 10 When the windproof device fails or partially fails, the door frames or legs of large port machinery shall be connected with the wharf facilities. Effective measures should be taken to fix the trolley anchorage when it is misaligned and cannot be anchored.
5. 1 1 windproof devices shall be classified, marked and numbered according to the types, models and typhoon protection positions of large port machinery. The logo should be clear and durable, and the number should correspond to the corresponding port large machinery.
5. 12 A new type of windproof device with windproof and self-locking function can be selected for conditional ports.
5. 13 The video monitoring system of large-scale machinery in the port shall be equipped with emergency power supply, and video records shall be kept.
5. 14 Port enterprises should regularly inspect, maintain and repair windproof devices, clarify the responsible person and inspection and maintenance requirements, ensure that windproof devices have good windproof ability, and keep records.
5. 15 Port enterprises should take the following inspection, maintenance and maintenance measures for windproof devices of large port machinery installed on the wharf:
(1) regularly clean and dredge the outlet holes of anchor foundation and tie foundation to prevent water accumulation or corrosion. Keep the anchorage foundation and binding foundation clean and free of sundries.
(2) Ensure that the internal parts of the anchor pit bracket and the windproof stay cable (tie rod) bracket are complete and effective. The corrosion of buried anchor pit support and windproof cable (tie rod) support is evaluated, and it is confirmed that it has no effect on the overall strength of windproof device. Regularly lubricate the movable parts in the anchor pit bracket and the windproof cable (tie rod) bracket to ensure their flexible rotation.
(3) Ensure that the stop of the end stop device is in good condition, the fastening nut between the end stop device and the supporting foundation is not loose, and the weld is not corroded or cracked.
(4) Regularly check and adjust the track, keep the track flat and ensure that the tolerance meets the standard. Clean up the sundries on both sides of the track in time, and take anti-corrosion measures regularly.
(5) Inspection, maintenance and maintenance of windproof devices shall comply with the provisions of JTS 3 10 on maintenance.
5. 16 Port enterprises should take the following inspection, maintenance and maintenance measures for windproof devices installed in large port machinery:
(1) There is no damage trace on the surface of the windbreak line, and there is no deformation or looseness at each connecting end. The rotating mechanism can retract freely, and the connection weld is intact.
(2) The windproof tie rod has no deformation as a whole, no damage to each connecting weld, good thread lubrication of the connecting piece and normal use of the rotating mechanism.
(3) The gap between the brake pad of the wheel clamp and the wheel is appropriate, the connecting mechanism is free from deformation, the movable joint is well lubricated, the surface of the clamping piece is free from oil pollution, the hydraulic system is free from oil leakage, and the electrical control is sensitive and effective.
(4) The clearance between the brake block of the rail clamp and the jack and the rail is appropriate, the connecting mechanism is free from deformation, the movable connecting parts are well lubricated, the hydraulic system is free from oil leakage, and the electrical control is sensitive and effective.
(5) The appearance of the iron wedge is free from deformation, the engagement size with the track meets the requirements, and the contact surface with the wheel should be curved. Large machinery in the port adopts electric iron wedge to ensure the reliable connection between push rod and iron wedge.
5. 17 Port enterprises should check the integrity and accuracy of the windproof early warning (warning) device alarm, and carry out regular maintenance.
6 typhoon prevention measures
6. 1 Pre-typhoon inspection measures
6. 1. 1 After receiving the typhoon forecast, port enterprises should immediately start the special emergency plan for windproof of large machinery in the port and deploy typhoon prevention measures.
6. 1.2 Before the typhoon lands, port enterprises should focus on the typhoon prevention of large port machinery, with the following contents:
(1) Integrity of windproof device;
(2) the firmness of moving and swinging parts;
(3) the effectiveness of power supply lines and communication lines;
(4) The tightness of equipment and facilities such as machine room, electrical room, driver's cab, elevator and outdoor electric box;
(5) The firmness of lamps, lightning rods, nameplates, doors and windows, glass and other equipment and facilities.
6. 1.3 port enterprises should deal with the problems found in typhoon prevention inspection in time, and record the results on file.
6.2 typhoon prevention measures
6.2. 1 The port portal crane adopts different platform protection measures according to whether the rotating mechanism of the crane is allowed to rotate freely.
6.2. 1. 1 When the single-port portal crane is allowed to rotate freely, the following measures should be taken:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. The safe distance between cranes should be more than 50 meters, or ensure that the boom will not collide at the maximum amplitude.
(2) Dismantle the crane grab or other lifting tools, and lift the hook to the designed windproof position.
(3) When the placing range of the boom is less than two thirds, lock the luffing brake, fix the luffing counterweight box, and release the slewing brake.
(4) The anti-skid braking device is in the locked state, and the windproof stay cable (pull rod) is connected and tightened and locked.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug the iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps.
6.2. 1.2 When the single-port portal crane is not allowed to rotate freely, the following measures should be taken:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. The safe distance between cranes should be greater than 15m.
(2) It is suggested to dismantle the crane grab or other slings.
(3) Install the rotary anchor, lock the rotary brake, put the boom in the designed windproof position, lift and tighten the wire rope, and tie it on the side leg. Lock the luffing brake and fix the luffing counterweight box.
(4) Make the anti-skid braking device in the locked state, connect and tighten the windproof stay cable (pull rod) and lock it.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug the iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps.
6.2.2 The following typhoon prevention measures shall be taken for quayside container cranes and rail gantry cranes:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor. Make the anti-skid braking device in the locked state, connect and tighten the windproof cable (pull rod) and lock it.
(2) Put the front girder away or in the design position according to the design requirements, and fix the girder with safety hooks (bolts).
(3) Lift the loading and unloading spreader to the designed windproof position. If the sling is equipped with anti-swing wire rope, tighten the anti-swing wire rope.
(4) Park the cab and car in the parking space and lock them.
(5) For cranes equipped with iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps, measures should be taken to plug the iron wedges, wheel clamps and rail clamps.
6.2.3 The ship loader (ship unloader) shall take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) According to the structure and type of the ship loader (ship unloader) and the actual situation of each port, the rail loader (ship unloader) can be implemented according to the typhoon prevention measures in Article 6.2. 1 or Article 6.2.2.
(2) Stop the tire loader (unloader) at the typhoon-proof position and wedge the walking tires.
(3) The wharf is equipped with a loader with a reverse platform. Move the loader to the vicinity of the anti-platform, place the cantilever in the designed windproof position, and fix the cantilever and the slideway on the anti-platform with chains or steel ropes.
(4) Lower the unloading conveyor belt of the loader to the supporting position or the designed windproof position, and firmly tie the conveyor belt to the frame with windproof chain or rope.
(5) Lower the chute of the loader to an appropriate height from the ground and fix it.
(6) Lock the recovery device baffle of the water side discharge port of the ship unloader.
6.2.4 The following typhoon prevention measures should be taken for the grain suction machine:
(1) The anchoring and anti-skid braking measures of the grain sucker shall be implemented in accordance with Article 6.2. 1.
(2) Connect and tighten the wind strut (tie rod) and lock it.
(3) Rotate the boom to a position parallel to the track, put the suction nozzle on the bracket or the ground, and fix the boom and the suction nozzle of the grain suction machine.
6.2.5 The following typhoon prevention measures should be taken for the booms:
(1) Fix the rotating parts.
(2) Fold and fix the oil delivery arm, and lock the bolts that fix the oil delivery arm.
(3) Ropes should be used to bind and fix the oil delivery arm.
6.2.6 Tire container gantry crane shall take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Stop at the anchorage and anchor.
(2) Arrange the tires at 0 degrees and 90 degrees, lock the braking device and steering device, and wedge the walking tires, so that the two wheels of the same group of tires are relatively padded.
(3) Connect and tighten the wind strut (tie rod) and lock it.
(4) According to the design requirements, connect the container spreader with the landing box, and tighten the spreader wire rope, or hoist the container spreader to the highest position.
(5) Park the car in the parking space and break down.
6.2.7 The bucket wheel stacker reclaimer shall take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Move back to the anchorage position and anchor.
(2) Confirm that the service braking device is locked, and take anti-skid braking measures according to Article 6.2. 1.
(3) Connect and tighten the wind strut (tie rod) and lock it.
(4) Put down the cantilever, fix the front end of the cantilever on the cantilever anchor frame, and lock the arm frame. If there is no cantilever anchor frame, the bucket wheel or cantilever front section should be placed on the pile that will not collapse. When using luffing wire rope, the wire rope should be in a relaxed state.
(5) Hang the belt windproof chain at the transition between the tail car and the ground belt, or bind the belt on the belt rack.
6.2.8 Tire cranes (25 tons and above) shall take the following typhoon prevention measures:
(1) Stop at typhoon-proof position.
(2) Lower the boom to the ground or support position. If the boom cannot be lowered to the ground or support, fix the hook.
(3) Set crane legs.
(4) Lock the rotating mechanism and walking brake, and wedge the walking tires.
6.2.9 The following typhoon prevention measures should be taken for outdoor fixed belt conveyor:
(1) Tie the conveyor belt to the frame with windproof chain or rope.
(2) The conveyor equipped with dust cover shall be fixed with bolts.
(3) Fix the duty room connected with the belt conveyor conversion platform with the platform.
6.2. 10 Special typhoon prevention measures shall be formulated for large port machinery under repair according to meteorological conditions, equipment conditions and other factors. Large-scale machinery in idle ports should adopt typhoon prevention measures of large-scale machinery in original ports to ensure their typhoon prevention functions are intact.
6.2. 1 1 Before personnel are evacuated, the power supply for operation should be cut off, and the wind warning device and video monitoring power supply can be kept.
6.3 Inspection and recovery after typhoon
6.3. 1 port enterprises should dismantle the typhoon prevention and reinforcement facilities of large-scale machinery in the port, restore the normal production state, and put back the used windproof emergency materials after maintenance.
6.3.2 Port enterprises shall inspect and maintain large-scale mechanical windproof devices, communication and electrical equipment and facilities in the port and keep them in good condition.
6.3.3 Port enterprises should carry out single-machine debugging and linkage debugging for large-scale port machinery. Large-scale port machinery can only be officially put into use after it has operational conditions.
6.3.4 Port enterprises shall make statistics and records on the loss of relevant windproof emergency materials, and supplement the missing materials.
7 gust prevention measures
7. 1 port enterprises should pay close attention to the gust state according to meteorological data and deal with it in time in the season with frequent gusts.
7.2 During normal operation of large-scale machinery in the port, when the gust reaches the early warning wind speed, the operators should quickly finish the operation and take windproof measures on the spot, such as braking the cart, clamping the wheels, clamping the rails and placing iron wedges. Operation drivers and relevant personnel should take protective measures.
7.3 In the season with frequent gusts, considering the factors such as gust forecast and moving frequency of portal crane, iron wedges can be placed during portal crane operation.
7.4 After the large-scale mechanical operation in the port is temporarily stopped, windproof measures such as truck braking, wheel clamping, rail clamping and iron wedge placement should be taken, and the anchor can be anchored nearby.
7.5 After the large-scale mechanical operation in the port stops, windproof measures such as truck braking, wheel clamping, rail clamping and iron wedge placement should be taken. Port portal crane, quayside container crane, rail gantry crane, ship loader (ship unloader) and grain sucker should be moved to anchorage or typhoon-proof anchorage, and tire container gantry crane and bucket wheel stacker-reclaimer should be moved to anchorage or typhoon-proof anchorage. Before leaving the machine, the operator should check and confirm that all windproof devices are in normal working condition, and cut off the working power supply after taking the following measures:
(1) For the port portal crane whose rotating mechanism is not allowed to rotate freely, install the rotating anchor and lock the rotating brake. When using the hook, the hook should be lifted to the designed windproof position; When using grab bucket or other slings, it is advisable to drive the grab bucket or other slings to a safe area that will not affect traffic and fire fighting, and keep the steel wire rope moderately slack. For the port portal crane that allows the rotating mechanism to rotate freely, remove the grab bucket or other spreader.
(2) According to the design requirements, put the front girders of the quayside container crane and the rail gantry crane in place or in the design position, fix the girders with safety hooks (bolts), and hoist the spreader to the design windproof position.
(3) The ship loader (ship unloader) can take gust prevention measures with reference to port portal cranes and shore container cranes.
(4) Rotate the boom of the grain suction machine to a position parallel to the track, and put the suction nozzle on the bracket or the ground and anchor it, so it is appropriate to fix the boom of the grain suction machine.
(5) Fix the rotating part of the oil delivery arm, fold and fix the oil delivery arm, and lock the bolt fixing the oil delivery arm.
(6) According to the design requirements, connect the container spreader of the tire container gantry crane with the landing heavy box, and tighten the wire rope of the spreader, or hoist the container spreader to the highest position. Lock the braking device and steering device, and wedge the running tires.
7.6 Inspection and recovery measures after gust shall be implemented in accordance with Article 6.3.
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