First, the function of official document writing
When it comes to writing skills, some industrial and commercial cadres will think that it is a secretary's business, a "pen" business, and has little to do with themselves. In fact, writing ability is the embodiment of a person's comprehensive quality and ability, which can better reflect the overall quality of a unit and a department. Official document writing ability is an important part of administrative law enforcement ability, which has a particularly important position and role.
(a) an important tool for industrial and commercial supervision and administrative law enforcement. Industrial and commercial supervision is to determine the supervision objectives and supervision and management priorities according to national policies, and the basis for industrial and commercial administrative law enforcement is laws, regulations and rules. Industrial and commercial supervision and management and administrative law enforcement first read laws, regulations, rules and official documents of governments at all levels, and then understand and master their spiritual essence and apply them. Writing ability is an indispensable tool in the process of industrial and commercial administrative law enforcement. On-site inspection transcripts, inquiry transcripts, case investigation reports, hearing notices, administrative punishment decisions and other handling documents all need corresponding writing skills. The writing quality of handling documents is directly related to the level of handling cases and the ability of administrative law enforcement.
Industrial and commercial supervision is also inseparable from the official documents of administrative organs, and the red-headed documents issued by administrative organs have the functions of administrative guidance and abstract administrative behavior. In 2006, the Hanchuan Municipal Government of Hubei Province issued a red-headed document, giving the task of drinking "little confused fairy" wine, and the voice of opposition is still endless. Some media reported that Harbin issued a red-headed document, requiring all official vehicles to be upgraded and all local "Hafei Saibao" should be purchased. The government of huangping county County of Guizhou Province also requires cadres to change color ring tones in the form of red-headed documents. In the eyes of ordinary people, red-headed documents are policies, governments and their most reliable things. It can be seen that the consequences of the abuse of red-headed documents by administrative organs are quite serious.
(two) the carrier of communication information, exchange of experience and innovation of industrial and commercial supervision. Working in the front line of industrial and commercial supervision, you will be exposed to a lot of information every day. It is very important to sort out and communicate these information in time, find out the problems in grass-roots work in time, reflect the situation, take countermeasures for higher-level leading organs and make correct decisions. The government information work of Sujiatun Branch has been among the best in Shenyang industrial and commercial system for more than ten years in a row, and has been commended by the General Office of the Municipal Party Committee, the General Office of the Municipal Government and the Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce, and more than 300 pieces of information are compiled and published every year.
All units of Shenyang Administration for Industry and Commerce attach great importance to research work. The whole system organizes more than ten research topics every year, writes more than 100 research reports, and selects and compiles special issues of the municipal bureau.
Shenhe Sub-bureau, Dongling Sub-bureau, Sujiatun Sub-bureau and other units summed up new achievements and experiences in their work through investigation, and put forward new measures and innovative ideas through investigation. In 2006, eight experience exchange meetings, on-site meetings and special seminars were held in Shenhe Branch, and millions of words of various documents were edited.
(three) the media platform to serve the society, contact the masses and establish the industrial and commercial image. Writing ability is an effective means and communication platform to serve the society, connect with the masses and establish an industrial and commercial image. Office administrative law enforcement bulletin boards for industrial and commercial administration, various market consumption tips and consumption warnings, and various news media industrial and commercial administration news reports. It has played an important role in making government affairs public, facilitating services, publicizing industrial and commercial supervision laws and regulations, strengthening industrial and commercial functions, contacting the masses, and establishing a good image of industrial and commercial law enforcement. In 2006, Shenhe Branch and Sujiatun Branch published more than 100 articles in various news media.
Second, the ability to write official documents.
Official document writing ability is the embodiment of comprehensive ability. To write a good article, we should not only master the basic knowledge of writing, know some writing methods, but also have the ability to write official documents for industrial and commercial administration. I think we should focus on the following aspects:
(1) Information collection and research ability. As the saying goes, "a clever woman can't cook without rice", so can writing. You can't write without the material and the processing of the material. Receiving, collecting, screening and using information is the first procedure of writing, and the work of accumulating and selecting materials is accompanied by the whole process of writing. The accumulation of data requires good research ability and reading comprehension ability.
1. Good research ability. Industrial and commercial administrative cadres work in the front line of industrial and commercial supervision, and they are exposed to a lot of fresh new situations and new problems every day. Whether they can collect information and find problems in seemingly ordinary and complex phenomena requires strong research ability, that is, the ability to find problems, analyze problems and comprehensively summarize problems. Having the corresponding research ability should be the basic ability of civil servants working in industrial and commercial administrative supervision positions. They care about everything, ask "what", "why" and "how to do it", ask more and think more, and master the methods of investigation and research.
2. Reading comprehension. Personal practice is always limited, and it is impossible to do everything yourself. People can't get information through practice, but mainly through reading, which is the basic condition of writing. It can be seen that reading is the first process of writing. Therefore, having strong reading ability is the main way to obtain information. Reading is to obtain information by reading, understanding, analyzing and summarizing various written materials (laws, regulations, rules, administrative documents, research reports, government information, etc.). ).
(2) thinking ability. Think clearly before you can write clearly. Writing is the materialization of thinking results. Writing ability mainly reflects thinking ability and thinking result. The thinking of official document writing is mainly the logical thinking of using concepts, judgments and reasoning, which has its own characteristics.
1. Reflect the consciousness of administrative organs. The thinking starting point of official document writing should be the perspective of units and departments, that is, the administrative functions and duties of units and departments can neither exceed their authority nor be absent. The result of thinking is also the way and thinking of solving problems in this unit and this department. The result of thinking must reflect the will of this administrative organ and cannot be "free thinking" with personal feelings. The intention of the administrative organs is mainly reflected in the understanding and grasp of the principles and policies of the party and the state in managing the market economy, and the profound understanding and grasp of the legislative purposes and legal principles of laws and regulations. Embodying the intention of the administrative organs is to understand the intention of the leaders, because the administrative organs implement the leadership responsibility system, because the leaders of the administrative organs master the spirit of instructions from their superiors and understand the overall situation.
2. Ability to solve problems. The result of thinking is to finally come up with operable solutions or opinions and suggestions to solve problems. The ability to solve problems is to find and ask questions first. Civil servants in the front line of industrial and commercial administrative law enforcement are exposed to a large number of new situations and problems every day in their daily supervision activities. It is particularly important to find the tendentious problems that need to be solved urgently in work from seemingly ordinary phenomena, and to have the ability to find problems. The ultimate goal of finding problems is to solve them. Problem-solving ability refers to the in-depth analysis of the problems raised, the demonstration of the methods to solve the problems, and the proposal of solutions or opinions or suggestions. The scheme should be targeted and operable. After analysis and comparison, choose the best solution to the problem, and it is better to choose more than two.
3. Innovative thinking ability. Innovation ability is the objective requirement of new situation and new task, and it is an important symbol of keeping pace with the times. Innovation must first have innovative thinking, without which it is impossible to produce innovative practice. Innovative thinking is a way of thinking that people use their own knowledge and experience to produce new ideas and new ideas through analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction and reasonable imagination in the process of understanding things. In essence, innovative thinking is a thinking that comprehensively uses image thinking and abstract thinking, breaks through convention and innovates in process or result. Mastering the means and ways to acquire truth knowledge, learning scientific thinking, improving thinking ability in all directions and constantly cultivating thinking innovation ability are the keys to improve writing level. We should try our best to master scientific thinking methods. For example: divergent condensation method. First of all, we should think divergently about the existing materials or problems to be solved, examine the existing materials or problems to be solved from many sides, angles and levels, and draw various conclusions, and then make comparative judgments to find out the most powerful and optimal point of view and discuss it as our own. Divergent thinking can make people active and agile, there are many new methods, and a large number of alternative schemes, methods or suggestions can be put forward, especially some original and completely unexpected fresh ideas, so that the problem can be miraculously solved. Associative analogy Screening the existing materials and selecting small things with typical enlightening significance, the purpose is to make association and analogy from small to large, from near to far, or from small to many, from small to large, from local to whole, from small to large. There are also methods such as abstract generalization, tracing back to the source and comparative thinking.
(3) the ability to express words. With materials, topics and methods to solve problems, how to express them accurately in words requires a certain degree of language expression ability. Mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Layout planning ability. The ability of layout is not only the ability of article structure, but also the ability of article content and form. With the theme and materials of the article, we should consider organizing the materials according to the central idea, thus forming the whole article. The structure of the article is to study the relationship between the content of the article and the whole and part, so that the content of the article has internal logical connection. Specifically, it is to consider determining a clue to connect the materials in series, how to determine the order, what form to take to arrange the materials, how to start and end, how to divide paragraphs and levels, how to transition and take care of them, so as to make the content of the article orderly.
2. Correct use of stylistic ability. Official document writing has its specific style and format requirements, and appropriate style selection and standardized format are the basic requirements of official document writing. The official documents used in industrial and commercial administration are very rich in style. It takes a certain amount of time for in-depth study and research to correctly use all kinds of official documents and give full play to their unique functions. Government information, industrial and commercial research, publicity reports and official documents involve a large number of official documents, which should be carefully analyzed and studied. For example, when choosing official documents, we should pay attention to the difference between announcement and notice, notice and notice, request and report, and the connection and difference between letters and reports and requests.
3. Ability to express words. To improve the expression effect of language, we must master modern Chinese knowledge and have a good language foundation. The written expression of words begins with words, then phrases, sentences, sentence groups and paragraphs, and finally forms a chapter. Make the meaning of words clear first (most nouns represent concepts), which requires accuracy, certainty and no ambiguity. A phrase is a combination of words and phrases according to certain grammatical rules, and a sentence is composed of words and phrases to express a relatively complete meaning. Sentences should conform to Chinese grammatical norms and Chinese expression habits, and the meanings expressed by sentence groups should be coherent and clear. The whole article should consider the integrity of the structure, the beginning and end, the transition and reference, the harmony and rationality of levels and paragraphs.
Third, ways to improve the writing ability of official documents
Although the civil servants of Shenyang Administration for Industry and Commerce have made great achievements in official document writing, and a number of "penholders" and "great writers" have appeared, on the whole, their ability level is unbalanced, and the overall official document writing ability of industrial and commercial cadres is not strong, which can not fully meet the needs of industrial and commercial supervision tasks. There are some problems in the administrative law enforcement documents: the transcripts of inquiry and on-site inspection, with more typos, more alterations, scrawled handwriting, and confusion in answering questions recorded in simplified codes. There are some problems in the case investigation report and penalty notice, such as the content is not specific enough, the original law is not accurate and complete enough, and the format is not standardized enough. There are some problems such as nonstandard format and improper language selection. It is urgent to improve the ability of official document writing. We must pay close attention to achieving results. It is very important to find a good way and method as soon as possible to improve the overall writing ability of the industrial and commercial team. The author analyzes and summarizes the overall situation of several branches of Shenyang industrial and commercial system, such as government information, industrial and commercial research, publicity and reporting, official document writing, etc. Their practices in the following aspects are worth learning and popularizing.
(A) the leadership attention and personal interest. The attention of leaders is undoubtedly an important condition for administrative organs to do all the work well, and so is improving their writing ability. Sujiatun Branch has changed three leading bodies since 1990, and each leading body regards improving the writing ability of the whole cadres as the "number one" project. The attention of leaders is mainly reflected in the leadership taking the lead, practicing, establishing rules and regulations, and paying close attention to implementation. The best effect of leaders' attention is to form a good atmosphere under the strong advocacy and guidance of leaders, cultivate cadres' personal interest under the influence of this atmosphere, and drive individuals to write and practice more under the interest, so as to achieve more results. Many cadres' government information has been adopted by higher authorities, and the research results have been used and popularized. Various articles and propaganda reports appear in various news media. A large number of achievements have given cadres a sense of honor and accomplishment, which is a powerful driving force to promote all cadres to participate in official document writing activities.
(2) From "forcing you to write" to "I want to write". Sujiatun Sub-bureau, Shenhe Sub-bureau and Dongling Sub-bureau have made special efforts in system construction and implementation in order to improve the ability of official document writing. For example, Sujiatun Branch regards official document writing ability as an important content of 100. 100. The official document writing is divided into several specific indicators, such as government information, industrial and commercial research, publicity reports, official documents, etc., and corresponding scores are set for each item. Percent assessment has become an important indicator of the annual assessment of units and civil servants. Percent assessment is linked to the evaluation of units and departments and the cash of bonuses. The interconnection between the 100-point system assessment and the annual assessment of civil servants is of great significance to individual evaluation, promotion and promotion. The assessment of 100 has been implemented for more than ten years, and it has been continuously improved in practice, making it more scientific and reasonable.
Sujiatun Branch put forward specific requirements for official document writing ability, requiring all civil servants to improve their research ability and write high-quality research reports. Every case handler can write administrative law enforcement documents, and everyone can master the writing methods of common official documents. These goals and tasks are assessed by setting corresponding assessment indicators in the 100 scoring system, and are assessed in strict accordance with the standards. This system of "forcing you to write" puts pressure on all civil servants, and the pressure makes people motivated. Sujiatun Sub-bureau, while strictly implementing the assessment of 100, uses the incentive and commendation mechanism to encourage and give appropriate material rewards to those who have made achievements in official document writing. In 2005, a cadre of the supervision department of the sub-bureau published more than 50 articles of all kinds, and was rewarded by the sub-bureau 1 10,000 yuan. The implementation of the "forcing you to write" system has made all civil servants more deeply aware of the importance and instrumental role of writing ability, especially the cadres who have made achievements in official document writing have been rewarded, promoted and promoted, which has played a "demonstration and example" role in improving the interest of all cadres in official document writing.
(3) Popularization and improvement. We must correctly handle the relationship between popularization and improvement, and implement "improvement on the basis of popularization" and "popularization under the guidance of improvement" The "holistic system" implemented by Sujiatun Branch is actually promotion. On the basis of promotion, a number of "pens" and "big hands" have indeed appeared. Only the improvement on the basis of popularization is the real improvement. Only by a few improvements, the foundation is not firm and the arrogance is insufficient. Popularization and improvement should not be neglected. We should improve through popularization and consolidate through improvement. Cadres of Sujiatun Branch 186 people. In government information writing, in 2005, 155 cadres provided more than 500 pieces of information. Since 1990, nine information officers in Sujiatun Branch have been promoted to middle-level cadres, and three of them have been promoted continuously from 2003 to 2005, which has made great achievements in middle-level leadership positions.
(4) General training and self-study. It is an important way to improve the writing ability of official documents and do a good job in training. Combining with the construction of learning-oriented industry and commerce, it is an important content of industrial and commercial administration to continuously carry out political and business training, and the ability of official document writing is also the focus of training. How to carry out targeted and effective training, the branches of Shenyang Industrial and Commercial System have thought many ways and conducted a series of innovative explorations. In the discussion activities of Shenyang Administration for Industry and Commerce, such as "establishing rules and regulations for industry and commerce, creating an honest environment", "How to govern industry and commerce according to law" and "Innovation of industrial and commercial administrative supervision mode", Dongling Branch and Heping Branch invited the director of the Political Research Office of the Municipal Party Committee, the director of the research office of the Municipal Government and the teachers of the training center of the Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce to give targeted lectures on the writing methods and experiences of investigation reports and papers. Dongling, Shenhe and Heping Branch successively edited monographs and investigation reports.
Shenhe Branch organized and compiled the Responsibility System for Industrial and Commercial Administrative Law Enforcement and the Rules for Industrial and Commercial Administrative Law Enforcement. The two books have made a detailed interpretation of the laws, regulations and rules commonly used in industrial and commercial law enforcement, demonstrated the application of laws through typical case analysis, and provided simulated writing outlines and demonstration texts for common industrial and commercial law enforcement documents (on-site inspection transcripts, inquiry transcripts, case investigation final reports, administrative punishment decisions, etc.). As training materials, each cadre has one copy, which acts as a reference book and is welcomed by cadres.
Besides general training and key project training, self-training is also an effective way to learn the methods and skills of official document writing. The successful practice of Shenhe Sub-branch in improving writing ability is worth learning. He summed up the work of writing official documents in six words: "reading, listening, taking notes, editing, staying and thinking".
Look, it is to carefully observe everything that happens around you and turn the observed situation into material. For example, there are many cars in the yard of the sub-bureau, which is not to spend money indiscriminately, but to improve the efficiency of handling cases.
Listening is to filter the conversations around you and extract useful things. Attending various meetings and chatting with colleagues and friends will be rewarding.
Remember, when reading newspapers, documents, magazines and other written materials, record the essence for writing.
In the series, important articles and information downloaded from the Internet are stored in different categories for recall.
To stay is to pay attention to all kinds of new expressions, new terms and new data in laws, regulations, official documents and newspapers, to find out the meaning and source, and to ensure accuracy for reference.
Thinking, always ask "what", "why" and "how to do it", and get approval from newspapers, documents and superiors.
Xiuhe leaders "find" the focus of work and determine the writing angle.
Official document writing ability is an important part of administrative law enforcement ability. Improving the writing ability of official documents as soon as possible is the need of the new situation and new task of industrial and commercial administration and administrative law enforcement. To solve the problem of unbalanced and weak official document writing ability of industrial and commercial administrative cadres, leaders and every civil servant should attach great importance to it and take time and energy to solve it seriously.