1 the importance of project management informatization
1. 1 Problems in project management
In practical work, we often find that some projects have been under construction for some time, but the drawings have not been completed. In order to avoid delaying the project, materials and labor have been put in place, and construction has been carried out without budget. Individual projects can't get complete drawings even in the middle of the construction period. In the long run, it will cause immeasurable losses to future projects. To this end, we have formulated many systems and management methods to control the project cost, but these hard rules and regulations are not implemented effectively in the implementation process. Since it can't be carried out by employees themselves, it needs a set of mature and systematic information tools to implement, and these processes are standardized by computers, in order to make the whole process of the project more transparent, standardized and scientific, so as to achieve the purpose of effectively controlling the project cost.
1.2 cost control is the focus of project management informationization.
Cost control is the biggest problem in project management, and it is also the most important problem for the company and the project department. Among them, the material cost accounts for about 80% of the total project cost. Whether the materials can be effectively managed can be said to be the key to the operation of project funds. For example, in the preparation of the construction task book, many projects are not settled manually as required, but are settled manually by "picking goods", and then the construction task book is re-prepared according to the result of "settlement". This way of "taking the lead and not consuming" has always been a long-standing drawback in project management. As a result, the management process has been seriously reversed, and the "pre-control" in the original management thought has become "post-summary".
The focus of project management software development is to control costs, which mainly includes the following points:
① Control the direct cost of the project: material cost, labor cost and machinery cost.
② Strengthen quality management and control quality cost. Quality cost refers to all the expenses incurred by the project to ensure and improve the product quality, and reducing this part of the expenses can also greatly improve the cost control ability.
③ Organize continuous, balanced and rhythmic construction, make rational use of resources, shorten the construction period and reduce costs.
(4) Strengthening the timely arrangement of engineering data can not only reduce the data processing time during the completion of the project, but also claim compensation in time in case of disputes, thus reducing the cost.
1.3 Improve the management ability of employees and standardize the construction system.
In many projects, the project manager will find that the consciousness of the employees in the project department is not enough, which is actually caused by many reasons. Among them, the members of the project department don't know the progress of the project, which leads to the project personnel not knowing what to do in the near future, which increases the workload of the project manager and makes the owner feel that the construction situation is chaotic. The implementation of project management informatization is to standardize all divisions and sub-items of project management through software, and clearly tell project implementers what to do and what to do. The purpose of the whole informatization is to make the company's project management concept form a unified model, and the management methods can be diversified, which can also be said to be the corporate culture of the company in the construction process. When the company completes the information project management, employees can define the current work content and work objectives through corresponding auxiliary means. When everyone in the project department is clear about their work, the project manager can also have more time to deal with other affairs, which can also reduce production costs, improve efficiency and establish the image of standardized management of the company.
2 project management system software
2. 1 Design and development concept of project management software
Project management is a complex, multi-directional behavior activity, which consists of a main process and multiple branches. The operation of a project includes not only the management of materials and personnel, but also a large number of plans, schedules, materials and forms. Although these tasks do not require much technology, they are equally tedious and important. For these tasks, we have established corresponding work modules and provided detailed data and various forms. Integrate a large number of original materials and tables into a simple and clear module.
From the development purpose and the concept of project management, the focus of our project management system is to create a management software that can effectively control the project cost and standardize the behavior of personnel. Our solution is based on budget management. Firstly, determine the authority and work of the project manager, and clarify the responsibility and authority of each project personnel. Then, each builder completes his own departmental budget and forms a total budget. The system takes the total budget as the basis of project startup and system operation, which limits the necessity of mandatory budget (the software sets that each project must have a budget at the beginning, otherwise it cannot be carried out), effectively ensuring that the cost of the project will not exceed the budget. Although the budget needs to be changed, it can be revised through various visa forms, but strict conditions and data exchange can also clearly record each expense change and quickly query and analyze it through the module called "Expense Management". Even in the absence of drawings mentioned above, the cost of materials and labor can be clearly managed and every penny of the project can be clearly remembered.
After the completion of the master budget, every purchase and requisition after the budget is directly exchanged with the master budget, and the warehousing and use of each material have clear records and additional information, so that the materials and labor costs of the project can be seen at any time. Strictly limit the relationship between picking work, budget and picking plan, so that off-budget picking can not pass, plug the loopholes of overspending picking from the management point of view, and effectively prevent waste caused by extensive management.
Of course, there will be many uncertainties in the project implementation process, which will lead to the continuous change of the plan. Based on the requirements of the comprehensive pilot project team and the situation learned on the spot, the components such as the construction task change order are designed. After defining the rights and responsibilities of project managers, the content and purpose of the budget can be changed to ensure that the acquisition or manual call can be successfully completed after the field situation changes, and the information about the project can be recorded. Although this is only a simple widget, it makes the budget-based design idea of the whole system more flexible rather than rigid.
Because the project management system adopts the unified login mode of personnel authority and identity authentication, it standardizes the work of personnel and clarifies everyone's job responsibilities. We decompose the whole project management process into several parts and correspond to the corresponding modules, and set up certain work leaders for these work modules through the allocation of administrators.
2.2 Software structure and process
Shang 'an Project Management System is a software project management system based on C/S structure. It takes a single project as the operation unit, as long as there is a computer that can act as the host, it can work, the number of clients is unlimited, and people can use the system on any computer.
After completing the system installation, we need to configure the project personnel and permissions. This step can determine the members of the project and their work, as well as the right to consult and approve various forms and documents. Adopt two-level authority distribution, that is, the first level gives the project manager (generally considered as the project manager) the management content of the whole project; On the second floor, the project manager will make more detailed work assignments for the three bosses and other personnel in the actual project. This allocation is very flexible and can be carried out according to the actual situation of the project.
The project management system is divided into 10 main functional parts: cost management, contract management, labor management, plan management, material management, engineering data management, construction budget, progress plan, safety management, quality management and statistical analysis. Among them, contract management, labor management, plan management, material management and construction budget are the main components of the whole system. It is supplemented by five auxiliary tool modules: cost management, engineering data management, schedule management, safety management and quality management.
2.2. 1 Main management processes of the system
① Input of basic information and data: This part of work is the premise of all subsequent work. The administrator establishes the project personnel and assigns corresponding rights, and then determines the contracting and subcontracting relationship in the project in the "Contract Management" section. In this way, we can establish the basic structure and working conditions of a project in the system.
Then a total construction budget is generated or imported through the "Construction Budget", and the work of this project is determined by generating the unit project registration form and the partial registration form in the "Plan Management", and the subcontracting contract is associated with the partial registration form. At this point, we will find that the preparation work before the start of a project has been fully prepared in the system. See figure 1 for the flow chart:
② Supplier management: After entering the basic information and budget, the suppliers and subcontractors in the project should be determined. First, the steps of supplier management are as follows:
According to the EXCEL file of the list of qualified suppliers provided by the company every year, slightly modify it to make it conform to the required format;
Import these suppliers in basic information maintenance. After checking the supplementary information to ensure that it is correct, you can enter the Qualified Supplier Entry Form for project selection and cooperation;
One-time suppliers who need temporary cooperation in the project can fill in the One-time Qualified Supplier Application Form and enter the Qualified Supplier Entry Form after approval.
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