Course code: 4576
I. Nature and purpose of the training course
I. Nature and characteristics of the training course
English interpretation is an important practical course for English majors in higher education self-taught examination, and it is a synthesis and continuation of listening and speaking in basic courses. On the basis of consolidating listening and speaking skills, this course will further improve the listening and speaking interpretation ability of candidates in this course to meet the actual work needs.
This course is based on practical application, closely combined with the current social and economic development, focusing on political, economic, social, environmental protection, tourism, culture and other aspects of training, and on this basis, learn common explanation skills and common methods to deal with difficulties.
Language learning generally emphasizes five skills, namely, listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation. Among the five skills, translation is the most difficult to master, because translation not only requires a person's comprehensive skills (such as listening and speaking), but also challenges a person's comprehensive knowledge. Interpretation is different from translation. Interpretation requires not only the quality of translation, but also the speed of information transmission. In addition, compared with translation, interpretation requires more vocabulary and reaction ability of candidates, because in the process of interpretation, interpreters are not allowed to have more time to think, consult colleagues or teachers, and of course consult dictionaries or other reference materials. From this perspective, vocabulary and knowledge are very important. Therefore, interpretation is a very difficult course.
This examination syllabus is based on the principles of scientificity, guidance, operability and inspectability, and is the basis for individual self-study, social assistance and examination to check the learning quality.
Second, the purpose of the course.
The purpose of English interpretation course is to enable candidates to master basic interpretation skills and understand the essence of interpretation through systematic study of the course and a lot of classroom training and practice, so as to undertake general Chinese-English/English-Chinese interpretation tasks.
Third, the relationship with other courses in this major
Because this course embodies the comprehensive quality of language, interpretation course and other English major courses complement each other. Interpretation, as a practical course, depends on other courses, such as basic English, advanced English, listening, oral English, English-speaking countries and college Chinese, to lay a good foundation for self-learners. Only by mastering certain vocabulary, knowledge and comprehensive language skills can we have the conditions and ability to interpret.
II. Course content and evaluation objectives
First, the course content
Interpretation course involves a wide range of topics and rich content, which is divided into two main parts: regular part and special part. The routine part mainly includes the handling methods of different types of speeches in various common occasions, such as opening ceremony, closing ceremony, welcome speech, toast and so on. The topic part mainly includes the ways to deal with the topic language of different contents and industries, such as tourism, economy, education, environmental protection, politics, science and technology, sports and other common social problems.
(1) General section
1, Opening Ceremony 2, Closing Ceremony 3, Welcome Speech 4, Toast Speech 5, Declaration of the Conference
(2) Theme part
1, tourism 2, economy 3, politics 4, education 5, science and technology 6, sports 7, environmental protection 8, industry 9, agriculture 10, social issues 1 1, living environment and sustainable development II. Evaluation target
(1) General section:
Master the interpretation procedures of general meetings, common formats and interpretation skills of various courtesy speeches, such as opening and closing ceremonies, welcome speeches, toasts, conference declarations, etc. Can quickly, fluently and accurately convey the speaker's speech content, tone and intonation are basically correct, words are basically appropriate, and syntax is standardized.
(2) Special topics:
Each topic has its own characteristics, such as introducing tourism-related content, including historical knowledge, geographical knowledge, tourism resources and so on. General proper nouns, such as names and place names, appear frequently in special topics. When learning, we should have a clear aim and master the vocabulary, fixed usage and related knowledge in the textbook according to the different requirements of different topics. Be able to convey the content of the speaker's speech fluently and basically accurately, with basically correct tone and intonation, appropriate words and no major mistakes in syntax.
Candidates should master all the contents of the textbook through systematic study and hard training, and complete the interpretation task within the specified time.
Ⅲ. Relevant explanations and implementation requirements
First, the designated teaching materials
Interpretation and Listening, edited by Yang Junfeng, Liaoning University Press, 200 1 edition.
The second and third parts of this textbook are mainly interpretation training, including texts, words, explanations and exercises.
Second, the guidance of self-study methods
1. Before studying this course, candidates should first study and read this outline carefully to understand the nature, purpose, assessment objectives and related course propositions of this course.
2. On the basis of fully understanding the requirements of the syllabus, carefully study the designated teaching materials. Reading textbooks is the most basic learning link and the first step to learn this course well. When reading the textbook, you should read the whole text, understand the main idea of the whole text, and then interpret it sentence by sentence. When interpreting, whether it is Chinese-English translation or English-Chinese translation, you should make the language as authentic and accurate as possible, and then focus on practicing your reaction ability and translation speed on the basis of accuracy. The interpretation of the text by comments is also very important. Candidates will get some useful inspiration by reading this part against the original text.
3. Cultivate a wide range of interests and improve the effect of self-study. Interpretation is a course with strong practicality and comprehensive language quality. A wide range of interests may be a favorable factor for a candidate. An interpreter will encounter various contents or topics in the course of his work, such as history, military affairs, environmental protection and so on. If you usually pay attention to cultivate your extensive interests, read more books and newspapers, and gradually broaden your interest in various things, you will be handy at work. Wide range of interests, not only for different topics, but also including the culture, customs, life and language of various countries. I have a wide range of interests. The more things I usually read, the larger my vocabulary will naturally be. If you have a large vocabulary and a wide range of knowledge, you won't be so stuck in translation and you won't be so embarrassed. You won't translate the grey water in the topic of environmental protection into "grey water" or "reclaimed water" into "reclaimed water".
4. Listen more and practice more. Whether interpretation is done well or not mainly depends on three links: input, processing and output. Input means listening. If you don't understand the speaker, the latter two links can't be completed. Therefore, we should practice listening as much as possible, including what people with different speaking speeds, different accents and different cultural backgrounds say. On the basis of listening ability training, Shenzhen Translation Company, two-language switching training, anti-interference training, etc. This is processing. The so-called output refers to the code-switching expressed in spoken language on the basis of understanding the code of the source language. In other words, in the three links of information reception, information processing and information output, information reception is the foundation, and information reception mainly depends on listening, and the quality of listening directly affects the quality of translation. In the usual training, in addition to normal practice, we should consciously listen to some recordings with local accents, quirks, slang, old sayings and professional vocabulary. Let yourself truly appreciate the taste and happiness of "one minute on stage, ten years off stage".
5. Summarize more and summarize more. Learning interpretation does not have a fixed structure to follow like learning grammar, nor does it require a lot of practice and imitation like learning spoken English. When you speak for yourself, you have the initiative. When you translate for others, the translator is always in a passive position, and you can only predict and guess the words that will appear in a very limited range. Therefore, the translator must be good at summing up experience, especially after the end, to sum up and reflect on what information is transmitted through verbal forms (such as vocabulary and grammar) and what information is transmitted through nonverbal forms (such as intonation and expression). Each text in the textbook is followed by notes explaining the text. Some summarize language features, some summarize translation methods, and some systematize scattered language phenomena or translation skills to deepen candidates' understanding. Therefore, candidates should study this part attentively, and summarize the language phenomena and translation skills in each lesson by themselves through the study of this part.
6. Observe more and participate more. If possible, we should pay more attention to the current on-site translation, gain experience and lessons from others, and use them to guide our own interpretation practice. As long as there is an opportunity to interpret, don't miss it. Only by participating can we gain direct experience.
7. Strive to improve the level of Chinese. To engage in translation, one must master at least two languages, which is determined by the nature of translation. If your Chinese level is low, it is difficult to improve your English level to a rational level. Therefore, candidates should strive to improve their Chinese level and study the similarities and differences between Chinese and English expressions.
These learning methods are all "shortcuts" to improve interpretation ability. But no matter which way is adopted, the final effect depends on whether it can be sustained. If we can do this every day for many years, our interpretation ability will definitely make a leap.
Third, the requirements for social assistance.
Social assistance is an important form of running a school advocated by the state. Social assistance units should earnestly do a good job in social assistance and truly become guides for self-learners. It is suggested that social aid units and tutors pay attention to the following requirements:
1, grasp the correct direction of social assistance. Social aid units should seriously study the designated teaching materials, clarify the nature and learning requirements of this course, and provide effective guidance and learning methods for self-learners according to the examination contents and assessment objectives stipulated in the self-study examination syllabus. Special attention should be paid to guiding self-learners to master the contents stipulated in this course systematically and comprehensively, and resolutely oppose guessing and betting questions to prevent "helping students" from evolving into "helping exams".
2. Correctly handle the relationship between generality and emphasis, examination and study. The problems involved in interpretation practice are various and multi-level. In addition to normal language skills, you need to have the ability of interpretation and daily knowledge accumulation. Commonality and emphasis are interrelated and inseparable. It is impossible to grasp the key points without grasping all of them, which is also the relationship between quality and quantity. In other words, never give up face just because you are focused. Therefore, social aid units and tutors should comprehensively and systematically guide self-learners to learn and study textbooks, and then give key guidance on the basis of comprehensive study. It is necessary to guide candidates to combine comprehensive study with in-depth discussion of key points and avoid focusing on key points in isolation.
3. Social aid units should encourage candidates to finish their homework independently in class and after class, and put forward requirements for them according to the above learning methods. Remind candidates of the importance of completing homework independently. Although the course materials provide some translations and answers, don't take them as the only standard, recite them comprehensively and copy them. To explain clearly to them, explanation is very flexible, and many sentences can be expressed in different ways. Candidates should be encouraged to exert their subjective initiative as much as possible, pay attention to training and cultivate the ability to find answers independently, and improve their practical level.
4. Mentors should not encourage others. Interpretation skills need a long-term training process. Don't let candidates prepare for the exam by reciting reference translations, and don't just emphasize the importance of English, because Chinese is equally important in many cases. In practice, it can be seen that the translator's problem is not because his English level is not enough, but because his Chinese level is not up to the requirements. I know English, but I can't find the exact Chinese vocabulary, which leads to unsatisfactory words. Therefore, student-aided units and tutors should help candidates improve their Chinese while guiding them to learn foreign languages.
5. Student-aided units should be good at guiding candidates to summarize and summarize their own learning, and help candidates find their own weaknesses and existing problems, including the handling of certain topics and professional vocabulary. Teachers should not only give guidance according to the general idea of the assigned textbooks, but also impart their own interpretation experience to the candidates, providing them with some living good examples and making a useful supplement to the limited teaching materials. Student-aided institutions should also arrange special time to help candidates sum up their experience while taking remedial courses, sum up experiences that can have a positive effect on themselves, and systematize some regular things to enhance their confidence in their interpretation ability.
6. While cultivating candidates' language ability and skills, social aid units should also pay attention to a non-verbal but very critical issue, that is, consciously cultivate candidates' knowledge and professional ethics. Interpreters should have extensive knowledge, including political and economic knowledge, humanistic knowledge, scientific and technological knowledge, business knowledge, legal knowledge, historical and geographical knowledge, international knowledge, folk knowledge, common sense of life and so on. They should also have noble qualities and pay attention to foreign affairs etiquette, social etiquette and interpretation norms. In the process of interpretation, we should be faithful to the original text, not add or subtract the original content at will, not pretend to be the host and show off our knowledge, but also be dignified in appearance, generous in manners and appropriate in speech.
7. Focus on capacity-building. The remarkable feature of self-study examination is the separation of teaching and examination, that is, most social aid units and tutors only participate in teaching guidance and do not participate in examination propositions. This requires social aid units to pay special attention to the ability training of self-learners. Interpretation is a practical course, and more attention should be paid to the cultivation and investigation of ability.
8. Class arrangement. This course has 3 credits, not less than 54 hours.
Four, some provisions on the proposition test
1, examination methods and forms
The examination method and form are oral examination and closed book (that is, without reference to any materials and any form of dictionary). The examination time is about 15-20 minutes. Full score 100, 60 points pass.
2. The difficulty of the test questions
The difficulty of test questions is divided into four grades: easy, easy, difficult and difficult, and the score ratio of test questions with different difficulty grades is generally 2: 3: 3: 2. These four difficulty levels are distributed in different ability levels.
3. Test paper structure and question type
In order to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the learners' mastery of interpretation skills, we should not only be scientific and objective, but also consider the operability and the characteristics of the interpretation test itself. The English-Chinese examination of this course is in the form of paragraphs, which can be composed of several paragraphs. Each paragraph can be different in content, but the total translation should be controlled within 200-300 words, and the examination time is about 7- 10 minutes. The Chinese-English translation test is in the form of a single sentence, which consists of 10- 15. The content between sentences can be coherent or incoherent, but the total translation should be controlled within 350-450 Chinese characters, and the test time is about 7- 10 minutes.
4. Description of examination form
(1) Candidates and examiners face to face for individual interviews, and each group consists of 2-3 examiners, who take the English-Chinese exam first and then the Chinese-English exam.
(2) Test in the language lab. Candidates listen to the pre-recorded original text in chapters/clauses, and then take an English-Chinese exam before the Chinese-English exam. Leave an appropriate space after each paragraph/sentence for candidates to interpret. The length of interpretation time is controlled by the recorded signal, and candidates must finish the interpretation of relevant content between the "start" and "end" signals.
5. Source of test questions
No less than 50% of the interpretation questions are selected from the designated teaching materials of this course.