Social security has the following functions: to ensure that citizens get material help from the state and society according to law in the case of old age, illness, work injury, unemployment and childbirth; Let citizens enjoy the fruits of development; Maintain the relationship between the unit and the workers; Promote social harmony and stability.
There is a difference between social security and five insurances and one gold.
(1) Social insurance is a social and economic system that provides income or compensation for people who are unable to work, temporarily unemployed or suffer losses due to health reasons. The main items of social insurance include endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance.
The social insurance plan is organized by the government, forcing a certain group to use part of its income as social insurance tax (fee) to form a social insurance fund. Under certain conditions, the insured can get fixed income or loss compensation from the fund. It is a redistribution system, and its goal is to ensure the reproduction of material and labor and social stability.
In China, social insurance is an important part of the social security system, occupying a core position in the whole social security system. In addition, social insurance is a contributory social security. The funds are mainly paid by employers and workers themselves, and the government finances give subsidies and bear the ultimate responsibility. However, workers can only enjoy the corresponding social insurance benefits if they fulfill their statutory payment obligations and meet the statutory conditions.
(2) Five insurances and one gold refer to several kinds of security benefits provided by employers, including pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, maternity insurance and housing accumulation fund. "Five insurances" refers to five kinds of insurance, including endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance; "One gold" refers to the housing accumulation fund. "Five risks" are legal, but "one gold" is illegal. The payment amount of five insurances and one gold varies from region to region, and the base is the total wages. Social insurance refers to the institutional arrangement that the state raises funds through various channels such as legislation in accordance with the principle of corresponding rights and obligations, and provides material help (including cash subsidies and services) to the insured in the case of old age, illness, work injury, unemployment and maternity, so that they can enjoy basic living security and avoid or reduce economic losses. Including old-age insurance, medical insurance, maternity insurance, unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance, commonly known as "five insurances". The housing accumulation fund system is actually a housing security system and a form of monetization of housing distribution. The housing accumulation fund system is an important social security system for housing stipulated by national laws, which is mandatory, mutually supportive and guaranteed. Units and individual employees must fulfill their obligations to pay housing provident fund according to law. The housing provident fund paid by individual employees and the housing provident fund paid by the unit shall be stored in special accounts and owned by individual employees. Housing accumulation fund is a long-term housing deposit paid by units and their employees, and it is the main form of monetization, socialization and legalization of housing distribution. The housing accumulation fund system is an important social security system for housing stipulated by national laws, which is mandatory, mutually supportive and guaranteed. Units and individual employees must fulfill their obligations to pay housing provident fund according to law. The units here include state organs, state-owned enterprises, urban collective enterprises, foreign-invested enterprises, urban private enterprises and other urban enterprises, institutions, private non-enterprise units and social organizations.
Legal basis: Article 2 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Social Insurance Law.
The state establishes social insurance systems such as basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, industrial injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance, so as to guarantee citizens' right to receive material assistance from the state and society in accordance with the law when they are old, sick, injured, unemployed and have children.