Targeted drugs for the treatment of intestinal cancer
There are two kinds of targeted drugs for pre-colon cancer in China. One is an EGFR receptor monoclonal antibody acting on the surface of tumor cells, which is called abidol. After the drug acts, it blocks the signal transduction pathway of tumor cells and achieves the anti-tumor effect.
There is also an epidermal growth factor (VEGF) that acts on tumor vascular endothelium, called Avastin. Combined with chemotherapy drugs, on the one hand, it increases the permeability of tumor blood vessels, makes chemotherapy drugs pass through smoothly, kills tumor cells, and makes some disordered tumor blood vessels contract and block.
The two targeted drugs have different targets, and both of them have good effects after combined chemotherapy. The effective rate of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer can reach 40% to 50%, and if combined with targeted therapy, the effective rate can be increased by more than 10%. For colorectal cancer patients with only liver metastasis, chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy can improve the effective rate to 70%, which will be of great benefit to the survival of patients.
One targeted drug acts on blood vessels, cutting off tumor blood vessels, and the other directly targets tumor cells. We need to test the gene of drug, which acts on epidermal growth factor. If the K-ras gene is wild-type, combined chemotherapy can obviously improve the curative effect. If Kras is mutated, the effect is not as good as chemotherapy alone, so the detection of Kras gene is an effective biomarker of Erbitux.
Early symptoms of intestinal cancer
Bloody stool: Early pathological changes of intestinal cancer are limited to mucous membrane, but there are no symptoms or only changes in defecation habits. When the tumor grows to a certain extent, bloody stool may appear, and the blood color is dull and attached to the appearance of stool. Fecal microscopic examination can find red blood cells, and fecal occult blood test is positive. For patients with hematochezia or persistent occult blood in stool, the possibility of colorectal tumor should be considered first, and further relevant investigation should be made;
The change of defecation custom: the frequency of defecation is changed from once a day to two or three times, and it will be endless after each defecation;
Abdominal pain and abdominal distension: Patients with early symptoms of intestinal cancer will have abdominal distension and abdominal pain due to intestinal obstruction, and the incidence of abdominal pain is higher than abdominal distension. Pain and sadness are mostly in the middle abdomen and lower abdomen, with different degrees, mostly dull pain or swelling pain;
Alternating diarrhea or constipation: if the early symptoms of intestinal cancer have symptoms such as alternating diarrhea and constipation, it is probably because the growth of cancer affects the normal physiological results of the intestine, so canceration should be considered;
Blood deficiency and emaciation: With the expected course of the disease, patients may have chronic bereavement symptoms such as blood deficiency, emaciation, fatigue, fever, and even cachexia, often accompanied by weakness and unexplained weight loss, which is related to blood in the stool, insufficient intake and excessive bereavement.
High-risk group of intestinal cancer
Although the exact cause of colorectal cancer is unknown, the following factors will greatly increase the risk of colorectal cancer, including:
(1) age: with the increase of age, the time for various pathogenic factors to stimulate the large intestine mucosa also increases, and most patients get sick after 50 years old;
(2) Family history: If a person's first-degree relatives, such as parents, have had colorectal cancer, the risk of developing this disease in his life is 8 times that of the general population [if one of your immediate family members (parents, siblings or children) has colorectal cancer under 50 years old, or there are two or more people in the paternal family or maternal family, about14 new patients have colorectal cancer.
(3) History of colitis: Some colon diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may increase the incidence of colorectal cancer. Their risk of colon cancer is 30 times that of ordinary people;
(4) History of colorectal polyps: Most colorectal cancers are developed from tiny precancerous lesions, which are called polyps. Among them, villous adenoma polyps are more likely to develop into cancer, and the probability of malignant transformation is about 25%; The malignant rate of tubular adenomatoid polyp is 65438 0-5%.
(5) Genetic background: Both familial adenomatous polyposis and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer are caused by the mutation of corresponding genes. This kind of patients not only have a significantly increased incidence rate, but also have a younger onset age.
Guess you like:
1. Complete works of targeted drugs for cancer treatment
2. Targeted drug therapy for liver cancer
3. The difference between colon cancer and rectal cancer
4.20 17 what drugs are included in medical insurance?
5. Basic knowledge about cancer