Common names and abbreviations: Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, Yingzhou Pagoda, Sakyamuni Wooden Pagoda and Yingxian Sakyamuni Pagoda.
Location: Shanxi Province-Shuozhou City-Yingxian County-Northwest China
2. Although there are many kinds of ancient buildings in China, they can be summarized into four basic features.
1, a solemn commemorative style. Most of them are embodied in ritual sacrificial buildings, mausoleum buildings and religious buildings with special meanings. It is characterized by simple group combination, prominent subject image and symbolic significance, and has some special provisions on the scale, shape and significance of the whole building. For example, the Ming Cheng Hall in ancient times, the emperor's mausoleum, large altars, and the King Kong Throne, the Ring Altar and the Giant Buddha Pavilion in Buddhist architecture.
2. Gorgeous court style. It is mostly reflected in palaces, mansions, yamen and general Buddhist temples and Taoist temples. It is characterized by rich sequence combinations, clear priorities, and appropriate size combinations of buildings in the group, which meet people's normal aesthetic standards; Single-seat building has strict modeling proportion, appropriate scale and gorgeous decoration.
3. Friendly and pleasant residential style. Mainly reflected in general housing, including halls, shops and other buildings that people use most often. Its characteristics are that the sequence combination is closely combined with life, and the scale is pleasant without twists and turns; Introverted architecture, simple modeling and exquisite decoration.
4. Free and euphemistic garden style. Mainly reflected in private gardens, including some royal gardens and mountain temples. It is characterized by rich spatial changes, eclectic scale and form of buildings, elegant colors and exquisite decoration; More importantly, the building is integrated with flowers, trees, mountains and rivers, and natural scenery is integrated into the building. The above four styles are often embodied in a group of buildings, such as princes' mansions and some temples, including palace, residence and garden, while imperial tombs include memorial and palace.
3. Fundamentally speaking, the difference between Chinese and western architectural art comes from the difference of materials: traditional western architecture is mainly made of stone for a long time; Traditional oriental architecture has always been framed by wood. Different building materials provide different possibilities for their own architectural art.
Different building materials and different social functions make Chinese and western classical architecture have different "artistic languages".
Different languages express different ideas and reveal different emotions; Different buildings carry different cultures and beliefs. Stone buildings in the west generally develop vertically, pointing directly at God. In this way, whether the high-density stone roof can be lifted to the sky has become the key to architectural art, and the pillars that perform this task have become the key. Therefore, the "basic vocabulary" of western architecture is columns, that is, those vertical and indomitable stones. If the column is the "basic vocabulary" of western architectural art, then the roof is its "main sentence". Different roofs lead to different styles, such as Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Gothic, Baroque and so on.
Different from the stone buildings in the west, the ancient wooden buildings in China took the bucket arch as the "basic vocabulary". The so-called bucket arch is the overlapping curved wood supporting the eaves, which can expand the longitudinal force to the lateral direction, thus constructing various cornices. Like the roofs of western buildings, as the "main sentence pattern" of ancient buildings in China, there are many types of cornices, which are drooping, standing or rising. Its different forms create different artistic effects, either light, simple or majestic. Not only pavilions should use cornices to identify themselves and express their feelings, but also the height and length of cornices will often become the difficulty and focus in architectural design. As the saying goes, "adding one point is too long, subtracting one point is too short", cornices must be properly designed, light but not frivolous, simple but not mechanical, dignified and not rigid.
There is also the attitude of China people towards architecture, which values novelty, while foreigners are full of respect and respect for ancient buildings.
In addition, western architecture is full of religious mysticism, while China's architecture is a reflection of Confucian culture.