What is deep reading? I found that many of our teachers have a common problem in class, that is, they don't have or do little thinking training and reading training, and they don't use language in Chinese class. Many classes are indoctrinated, with teachers talking and students remembering. According to the book, even if they can assign homework first, most of them copy everything without their own thinking. Even if there is something that makes students think, it is very superficial. Imagine, if this continues, where does the students' perception and understanding come from?
Suhomlinski pointed out in "Suggestions for Teachers" that "whether a student can study smoothly in middle and senior grades depends first on whether he can read with understanding, that is, he can think while reading, and read while thinking." He pointed out that students with this ability will certainly not fall behind in their studies. This ability can only be cultivated in the teaching of deep reading.
In addition, let's look at the Chinese textbook of senior one. Many articles in classical Chinese are difficult to understand. How to understand the characters after class and analyze the writing methods. Obviously much deeper than the sixth grade of primary school, there is a sense of disconnection. That's because our primary school teaching is shallow. No wonder many parents and teachers report that many students get high marks in primary school and soon fall off in middle school.
Therefore, our studio proposes that Chinese teaching should guide students to read deeply. Deep reading refers to reading that points to language and text perception; Deep reading refers to reading that allows students to explore; Deep reading is reading that points to the development of thinking; Deep reading refers to reading that points to emotional edification. ? Deep reading not only points to the deep excavation of the connotation of teaching materials, but also pays more attention to the multiple training of students' thinking. In-depth reading means that students can concentrate on reading materials and have a deeper understanding on the basis of understanding the basic content of the text, and add personalized and reasonable understanding, feeling or speculation to the text.
How can we guide students to read deeply? Teacher Yu Yongzheng once said: "Teaching is to re-enter the road of reading and understanding under the guidance of teachers. Only when the teacher understands can the students be guided to understand. Only by drilling through the taste can the teacher lead the students to understand the taste. " This passage clearly shows the importance of teachers' interpretation of the text. In other words, how deep a teacher understands is it possible to guide students to read. The teacher himself doesn't understand the intention of the author and editor, so he can't guide the students to read deeply. Therefore, teachers' in-depth interpretation of the text has become the key to in-depth reading teaching.
Second, how to deeply interpret the text
(1) What to interpret?
What does the author want to express and how to express it? What is the editor's intention? What is the teaching goal of the text, what are the key and difficult points of teaching, how to break through and where is the breakthrough point? Where can language training be conducted and students' imagination be expanded? What questions should teachers ask to stimulate students' thinking and guide them to better understand the text? What else to expand? These are all things that teachers should think carefully when interpreting the text.
(2) How to interpret it? Take the boat of father's love as an example;
Preparatory work:
1. First of all, which volume is this? In which unit, what are the language elements of the unit? What is the text in the unit and what role does it play? What is the content of the exercise?
2. Understand the students' learning situation. Have you learned any articles that reflect the affection of father (mother) and son before? What is the basis of learning?
When writing this article, consult the author's information, growth process and social background.
After making the above preparations, let's read the text carefully and interpret it.
General explanation:
1. What unforgettable scenes have appeared in the dream? What kind of emotion did the author express? What scenes and details should guide students to read and taste carefully?
2. Why should the article be titled "The Boat of Father's Love"?
How does the author express his father's love for me? What are the characteristics of writing?
Deep interpretation:
1. Is the article just to express my father's love for me? What else do you feel?
2. Why should the article be titled "The Boat of Father's Love"? How to break through this difficulty, what is the good starting point?
How does the author express his father's love for me? What are the characteristics of writing? Why do you want to deal with it like this? What are the advantages?
4. How does your father love you? If you were to write about your father, what would you call "what does father love"? Where's mom?
How can we guide students to read deeply? Teacher Yu Yongzheng once said: "Teaching is to re-enter the road of reading and understanding under the guidance of teachers. Only when the teacher understands can the students be guided to understand. Only when the teacher drills through the taste can he lead the students to understand the taste. " This passage clearly shows the importance of teachers' interpretation of the text. In other words, how deep a teacher understands is it possible to guide students to read. The teacher himself doesn't understand the intention of the author and editor, so he can't guide the students to read deeply. Therefore, teachers' in-depth interpretation of the text has become the key to in-depth reading teaching.
From the above comparison, we can easily find that in-depth interpretation has the following characteristics compared with general interpretation:
1. Have a deeper understanding of the text. Or take this article as an example. "The article just expressed my father's love for me? What else do you feel? " This is reflected in the article, for example, I refused to change rooms and couldn't bear to let my father buy delicious food and fun. In addition, there are more explicit contents in the original text. So the teacher should interpret this in place.
2. There should be a way to break through the teaching difficulties. For example, "Why should the article be titled" The Boat of Father's Love "? How to break through this difficulty, what is the good starting point? " The clue of the text is "ship", and several things in the text happen on the ship. At the end of the article, I wrote, "When can I draw a boat carrying my father's love?" Moreover, the author Wu Guanzhong is a painter, and later he really painted many classic boats. For example, there are two illustrations in the book. Then can you first introduce the author as a painter and appreciate the boat he painted? Then look at the questions and ask questions. The main point of the text is "What kind of boat is this leaf? What's unique about it?" . At the end of the teaching, I will return to the description of the boat at the end of the article, which leads to the discussion "Why should the article be titled" The Boat of Father's Love "? "In this way, students will naturally understand.
3. We should not only pay attention to the understanding of the content, but also pay attention to the characteristics of writing and the benefits of writing like this, especially how to use it. For example, how does the author express his father's love for me? What are the characteristics of writing? Why do you want to deal with it like this? What are the benefits? ""How does your father love you? If you want to write about your father, you will think, "What does father love?" ? Where's mom? Guide students to think deeply about life and themselves, so as to achieve what romain rolland said: "No one has ever read for the sake of reading, just to read himself in the book, find himself in the book, or check himself." Only when there are examples can we learn the content of the text, and the text has become a bridge from reading to writing.
4. magic weapon-repeated reading. Read aloud again and again, read and read, and you will have your own discoveries. Reading and reading will inspire you. Teacher Wang Zhixing, a special-grade teacher, said that they had to read the text dozens or even hundreds of times when they were studying in an open class. Yu Yongzheng, Jia Zhimin, Zhi Yuheng and other education masters even asked themselves to read the text repeatedly and even recite it. Only in this way, teachers' thinking can be far away and targeted, and students can be guided to read deeply.
5. Have a sense of style. Different styles have different reading methods. Only a strong sense of style can "return his original taste". For example, novels focus on characters, storylines and environmental descriptions; Poetry should grasp the vision of poetry and the cultural rhyme it contains; Fairy stories reflect imagination and people's good wishes and realize romance; Prose should interpret the charm of the article.
6. To improve the ability to interpret the text, we must improve our literary literacy and professional literacy. Only when a person's literary accomplishment and professional accomplishment reach a certain level can we interpret the text accurately and profoundly. Then how to improve your literary accomplishment and professional accomplishment? -then read, read, read again. Read literary classics, educational monographs, reading comments, and special-grade teachers' reading teaching cases. Accumulate, reserve and think in reading, and often write teaching reflections and teaching essays, so that the ability to interpret texts can be improved unconsciously. This is the growth path mentioned in the new education-the integration of professional reading, professional writing and professional development.