Expressway adapts to the development of industrialization and urbanization. Cities are industrial and population gathering places, and the growth of automobiles is much faster than that in rural areas, becoming automobile gathering centers. The construction of expressway begins with urban ring roads, radial roads and busy traffic sections, and gradually becomes an urban traffic with expressway as the backbone. The development of automobile technology puts forward objective requirements for the construction of expressway. Cars have become an important means of transportation in human society. Infrastructure such as expressway can meet the development trends of light and heavy vehicles, and meet the requirements of high-speed passenger cars and heavy-duty freight cars. The rapid development of automobile industry and the promotion of urbanization have brought development opportunities to expressway Company. Expressway plays an important role in transportation in areas with tight railway transportation capacity and inconvenient transportation. Contemporary expressway is developing in the direction of intelligence, and gradually forms the scientific and technological concept of "Smart expressway". Wisdom expressway proposed to introduce Internet thinking and technology to reconstruct the traditional electromechanical system and management services in expressway. The initial construction task is to improve the operation and management level and travel service quality of expressway through information exchange and sharing, data fusion and mining, and realize the informationization and intelligence of provincial expressway's monitoring and management, emergency command, decision-making, business handling, travel guidance and other services. The future development trend is to introduce vehicle-road communication technology to realize the coordination of people, vehicles, roads and environment.
Expressway is a kind of highway classified by technical grade, which is higher than the first-class highway, the second-class highway, the third-class highway, the fourth-class highway and the foreign highway [40]. Expressway is cross-related to the national highway or provincial highway under the classification of road network status, that is, expressway is a part of China Road or provincial highway. In urban road system, expressways can be built according to expressway standards, because the basic structural characteristics of expressways and expressways are the same.
According to the National Highway Law of the People's Republic of China, Article 6 highways are divided into national highways, provincial highways, county highways and township highways according to their status in the highway network, and expressway, first-class highways, second-class highways, third-class highways and fourth-class highways according to their technical levels. The specific division standard shall be stipulated by the transportation department of the State Council.
New highways should meet the technical grade requirements. Existing roads that do not meet the requirements of the minimum technical grade shall take measures to gradually transform them into roads that meet the requirements of the technical grade.
Eighth the State Council transportation departments in charge of national highway work.
The transportation departments of local people's governments at or above the county level are in charge of highway work within their respective administrative areas; However, national highways and provincial highways shall be managed and supervised by the transportation departments of local people's governments at or above the county level, and shall be specifically determined by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
The people's governments of townships, nationality townships and towns shall be responsible for the construction and maintenance of township roads within their respective administrative areas.
The transportation departments of local people's governments at or above the county level may decide that highway management organizations shall exercise highway management responsibilities in accordance with the provisions of this Law.