Virtual cloud
Virtual Cloud (1840- 1959), whose common name is Xiao, whose real name is also famous at the beginning, whose real name is Deqing, is called Virtual Cloud Fantasy Tour. My ancestral home is Xiangxiang, Hunan, and my ancestral home is Quanzhou, Fujian. He presided over the restoration of Sinnijorge.
Xu Yun was born in an official family, and his father Xiao Yutang went to Quanzhou as a magistrate, hoping that his son Jackie Chan would learn eight-part essay before he could become an official. However, Xu Yun was indifferent since childhood and loved to read Confucian Buddhist scriptures. His ambition is not fame. Father tried every means to force him to give in. In the seventeenth year of Guangxu (189 1), he suddenly became a monk, was discovered by his father and was ordered to go home. In the second year, he fled to Yongquan Temple in Gushan for a haircut and worshipped Monk Miaolian as a teacher. Then he lived in seclusion in a cave, holding a monk and sitting quietly for three years. Then I left the temple to travel around and studied Zen in famous temples in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui. In Jiangning, I met the famous Buddhist Yang Renshan. In the 26th year of Guangxu, Xu Yun went north from Mount Putuo and arrived in Beijing, just when the Boxer Rebellion broke out and Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing. He went west with the escape team of the Western Empress Dowager and Emperor Guangxu, left the Great Wall and went to Shaanxi, where he met many princes and ministers. After I arrived in Xi, I went to Zhong Nanshan, built a house under Lion Mountain and renamed it Virtual Cloud. In the 28th year of Guangxu, Xu Yun traveled all over the world, worshiped Emei, entered Xikang via Tibet and transferred to Ji Jiao, Yunnan. Ji Jiao is an important Buddhist shrine in history. At this time, there are only more than ten broken temples left, and no monks are allowed to take temporary jobs. There is nowhere to stay in the empty clouds. Later, the magistrate of Dali recommended it to the local magistrate of a county, and Fang found a ruined temple, the Bowl Temple, to live in and conduct religious activities. This year, he changed the alms bowl nunnery into Xiang Ying Temple, accepted monks from all directions, and raised funds to build the temple. In the thirty years of Guangxu, he traveled overseas, giving lectures in Luoluo (now Thailand) and Nanyang (namely Southeast Asia), and tens of thousands of people converted (Buddhism called physical and mental conversion to Buddhism, Buddhism and monks). He also went to Japan to visit the Buddha, passing through Kuala Lumpur, and got a letter from central Yunnan, saying that "the government has formulated a new policy to improve the temple property in various places" and asked him to try to save it. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu, Xu Yun was transferred to Shanghai. Please send a Zen monk to Beijing to complain. When I arrived in Beijing, I got the support of the princes and nobles I met that year and got the "metaphor" (that is, the notice) to protect the temple. As the saying goes, "Since then, local officials have urged local officials to protect all the property of all large and small temples and monks." From then on, temple property is no longer mentioned everywhere. After that, Xu Yun continued to stay in Beijing, and invited the temples in Yunnan (Buddhist scriptures published by the Qing Dynasty's internal affairs office) to collect the dragons. In July of the same year, the imperial edict named Xiang Ying Temple "Protecting the Country and Blessing the Holy Temple", named Xu Yun "Master of Buddhism", and gave him "Purple Clothes", "Jade Seal", "Zhang Xi Ruyi" and "Luan Jia Quan Pian". At this point, the virtual cloud is worth a hundred times and has a great reputation.
19 1 1 year (three years), in order to unite Buddhists, protect monasteries, and mediate the opposition between the Shanghai Buddhist Association and the Ning Datong Association, it left Yunnan for Shanghai. Then, I went to Nanjing with the monk to meet Sun Yat-sen, and agreed to amend the Buddhist constitution and cancel the name of self-reliance in various places. In April of the same year, due to the change of government, after calling on Sun Yat-sen, he went to Beijing to call on Yuan Shikai. The Chinese Buddhist Association was reorganized in Shanghai and the Chinese Buddhist Association was established. After the meeting, Xu Yun returned to Yunnan, met with Cai E, organized Buddhist branches in Yunnan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet, and took care of their affairs personally. Under the protection of the new "Great Protector", the incense of Zhu Sheng Temple is still very prosperous. 19 12, the Republic of China was founded, and there was a trend of monks destroying temples. Li Genyuan, the chief strategist of Yunnan, personally supervised the army to climb the mountain, and prepared to destroy the temple by monks, named Xu Yun. Virtual Cloud went to the root of Li See alone. Li asked, "What's the use of Buddhism?" Xu Yun replied: "Since ancient times, the founding of the People's Republic of China has always discussed the integration of state religion. Politics can manage the body and mind, and teaching can manage the mind. It is right that the heart is the foundation of all things. Why not die? " He fully understood the role of religion in the rulers. After several debates, he finally persuaded Li Genyuan.
1920, Xu Yun went to Kunming to rebuild Huashan Huating Temple at the invitation of Governor Tang of Yunnan. During the construction process, the ancient monument of "Cloud Tower" was excavated, so Huating Temple was renamed Yun Qi Temple. According to ancient tablet records, Tang announced the production figures of temples, and redeemed hundreds of acres of fields and dozens of mountain fields to temples at low prices, causing public resentment. After he got the property, he organized charity to win people's hearts.
1929, at the invitation of Fujian Kuomintang bureaucrats Lin Sen and Yang Shuzhuang, Xu Yun went to Yongquan Temple in Fuzhou as the abbot (monk temple abbot). At first, the monks said that they would give up 53 days. Later, they got rid of the old habits in the temple, and then began to sort out the Taoist style, revitalize the Su Zen Hall and the Buddhist Hall, and restore the Zen rules of resuming seven festivals and giving up in late spring. On this basis, there are more than ten buildings, halls, pavilions, palaces, courtyards, temples and caves. Xue Jietang was established and later changed to Buddhist College, with Yang Shu Zhuang Ren, Chairman of Fujian Province, as honorary dean and Xu Yun as dean to train young monks. Yang Shuzhuang's mother worshipped Xu Yun as a teacher, and many bureaucrats in Yang and Fujian became the great protectors of Xu Yun. Yongquan Temple has a large number of classics since Ming and Qing Dynasties. Xu Yun invited a monk to organize it, compiled it into a Catalogue of Gushan Tibetan Scriptures, and published it. 1933, a war broke out in Fujian, and most temples in the province were no longer alone. Monks have no accommodation, but Gushan still stays in the ocean bill of lading, and more than 1000 monks travel around. Virtual cloud has made efforts to maintain a porridge and a meal.
1934, at the invitation of General Li Hanhun, he went to Qujiang, Guangdong Province to preside over the reconstruction of Nanhua Temple. Nanhua Temple is the Dojo of Huineng, the sixth ancestor of Zen Buddhism. At this time, it has been destroyed. Xu Yun put forward four conditions, the fourth of which is: "All donations, cleaning up the industry and negotiating lawsuits will be responsible." This requirement sums up his experience of "Great Buddhism" for many years, that is, relying on the power of reactionary rulers to expand the power of Buddhism. After Li Hanhun promised, he offered hundreds of thousands of gold to his face. After all the preparations were made, he asked the authorities to send someone to inspect the painting industry, confiscate the "temple property" in the industry without a deed, and redeem it by deed. When the endless temples were taken back, the residents were expelled, leaving more than 20 poor families homeless. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/935, the virtual cloud was built from Pengshan to Qujiang. The residents in the temple were driven away by the police, and the craftsmen personally supervised the construction. After ten years, a total of 243 temples have been built and 690 large and small Buddha statues have been newly built, making this temple the largest Buddhist shrine in Guangdong. Soon, the Thousand-Buddha Competition was held, with hundreds of beneficiaries, attracting a large number of rich people from Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao to visit.
1942, Lin Sen, Chairman of the National Government, launched the "Law Protection Society" in Chongqing, which was presided over by Xu Yun. Xu Yun arrived in Chongqing and presided over the Fa Conference for 49 days. He praised the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang at the French meeting, saying that "the four parties all praised Yao Tianshun and Deming for their inaction." Chiang Kai-shek personally hosted a banquet for vegetarians, including Lin Sen and others. 1946, at the invitation of Guangdong authorities, Xu Yun held a ceremony in Jingci Temple, Guangzhou, which once again caused a sensation in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao. Among them, the number of people from Hong Kong and Macao who attended the Law Conference exceeded100000. At that time, Tiechan, the abbot of Liuta Temple in Guangzhou, was imprisoned for treason, and Xu Yun wrote to the authorities for bail, which was opposed by some local monks, but failed. 1947, Chiang Kai-shek wrote an inscription for the "Same Record" of Nanhua Temple: "Pi Zheng Degenerate Wind" to commend Xu Yun's achievements.
1In the autumn of 949, Guangdong was liberated. The people's government treated Xu Yun with courtesy, but secretly resisted the democratic reforms in Xumen and Nanhua Temple. Ben Huan, the abbot of Nanhua Temple, was arrested by the public security organs for counter-revolutionary crimes, and Xu Yun was wronged by him. (Note: 1943, Xu Yun recommended Ben Huan, a traitor in front of Wutai Mountain, as the abbot of Nanhua Temple. In the winter of the same year, Xu Yun was invited to Beijing to attend the preparatory meeting of the Buddhist Association, and set up the preparatory office of the Chinese Buddhist Association in Yuanying Guangji Temple and Zhao Puchu. 10 year 10 month 1 day, on behalf of Buddhists in China, he accepted the three treasures of "Buddhist relics", "Bayeux Sutra" and "Bodhi Tree" presented by the Buddhist delegation of Ceylon. In the same year, he was elected as a member of China People's Political Consultative Conference. In February 65438, Xu Yun went to Shanghai to attend the May World Peace Conference.
1953, the Chinese Buddhist Association was established, with Xu Yun as one of the four honorary presidents. Thanks to the struggle and unity of the people's government, Xu Yun got rid of the entanglement with the reactionary remnants of South China and created conditions for him to engage in normal religious activities. On July 5th of the same year, Xu Yun boarded Yunju Mountain at the invitation of Xinnan Temple, the abbot of Yunju Mountain in Jiangxi Province. Witnessing the founder of Daorong Zen Master in the early Tang and Yuan Dynasties, he won the Dojo for more than a thousand years. Only three temples were broken, most of them collapsed, and there were rubble and weeds everywhere. The Buddha statue of Pilu in Ming Dynasty was cast in bronze, sitting in the middle of wild smoke and weeds. Xu Yun is determined to keep Yunshan and rebuild the temple, and has been approved by the relevant departments. After the news that Virtual Cloud was stationed in Yunju came out, monks gathered in all directions and reached more than 50 people by the end of the year. 1in the spring of 954, Xu Yun responded to the call of the people's government, insisted on "paying equal attention to agriculture and Zen", reclaimed land and supported himself. 1955, the number of monks increased to several hundred. By 1956, both grain and sweet potatoes were produced, which basically met the needs of monks in the temple for rations. After virtual cloud fundraising and design, the temple lasted about three years, with dozens of temples, halls, buildings and halls. It has been rebuilt one after another, with 32 statues of Buddha/kloc-0, and the temples burned by the Japanese army have been repaired. Subsequently, Virtual Cloud organized monks to repair places of interest. 1956 autumn, the dredging of Yueming Lake and Bixi River and the re-drilling of the river reform project. During the construction, a huge stone engraved with Su Shi's inscription "Stone Forest" was excavated, which was placed by Xu Yun next to Fo Yin Bridge and named "Shan Xin Stone", which became a scenic spot and inscribed a poem as a souvenir. In addition, a granite paddock was built in Huiquan under Baiguoshu, and a stone altar was placed in front of it. Its outer edge is engraved with the word "Huiquan" written by Dan. At the same time, tea trees and fruit trees are planted outside the temple, and gardens are opened inside the temple. 1955 In the spring, Xu Yun was getting weaker, but he was still worried about everything in the temple. In July this year, Xu Yun was very happy to receive the manuscript of Yunjushan Annals edited by Cenlu Jushi on his behalf, and wrote "Rebuilding the Faith and Meaning of Yunjushan" and "Rebuilding the Circulation of Yunjushan Annals" for him. This record was jointly published by Hong Kong United Academy of Confucian Classics and Buddhist Scripture Circulation, and spread all over the world.
1959 10 13 In June, Xu Yun died of chronic malnutrition due to choking diaphragm] at the age of 120. Xu Yun practiced Zen and asceticism all his life, and was famous for being good at rectifying the Buddhist jungle and building famous temples. Virtual cloud is famous not only in Southeast Asian countries, but also in the North American continent. 1982, the Buddhist Zen Center in new york, USA, built a memorial hall for him and carved his life on a stone tablet in English. Xu Yun's poems in his life are highly respected, and 390 poems have been selected into Xu Yun's Buddhist Law Collection, which is published by Hong Kong Buddhist Publishing House. The rest recorded his life stories, such as Biography of a Monk in a Virtual Cloud, Chronicle of a Monk in a Virtual Cloud, and Collection of Painting Methods of a Monk in a Virtual Cloud.