How many parents and children turn pale when it comes to application problems, because application problems have become a big pain point for many children to learn mathematics, some can't do it at all, and some can't get full marks.
In daily teaching, we often encounter blank problem-solving parts at the back of the test paper, or the scoring rate is extremely low; There are also many children who are extremely disgusted when faced with application problems in their daily study.
Why is it difficult to apply for the topic? Every application problem is not just a knowledge point, which is very difficult. When children solve an application problem, the first step is to examine the problem, the second step is to judge the quantitative relationship, the third step is to determine the operation method and order, the fourth step is to calculate in column form, and finally the answer is tested.
In this whole process, children should read words and see questions; Have logical thinking ability and understand problems; Also have common sense of life, when there are many 1, when there are few1; Ability to imagine, assume and read charts.
It is precisely because of its comprehensiveness that it can highlight its role, which not only tests children's mathematical ability, but also exercises their comprehensive quality. Of course, how much a topic promotes students, then its screening effect on students is obvious, which is one of the reasons why the application problem is difficult.
Why is it difficult to apply for the topic? The difficulty lies in the high flexibility of the questions. There is no fixed model for the proposition of mathematical application problems, and relying on a certain knowledge point can often produce some novel and error-prone problems.
In recent years, more and more "wonderful questions" that have puzzled heroes from all walks of life have been designed by problem teachers, and some classic error-prone questions have also appeared frequently. We often use "pit" to describe this kind of problem.
For example, the unit "pit" in geometry application problems and the "division" and "minimum" and "maximum" in division application problems all need to be scrutinized repeatedly.
And our children are often formulas, but their practical application and flexible transformation ability can't keep up, so they can't do application problems and can't get full marks.
From the difficulty analysis of the above two application problems, we know that doing an application problem not only tests the child's all-round ability, but also avoids the pit dug by the questioner. It's too difficult to do it right.
Is it possible to solve the application problem only by improving the ability in all aspects first? Is your child hopeless?
Of course not. If you want to solve the "difficult" problem of application, you can ask your child from the following points:
Read more and accumulate more.
Reading more books is not only very helpful for children to learn Chinese, but also closely related to solving mathematical application problems. Reading more can help children quickly understand the meaning of the topic, find the logical and quantitative relationship in the topic, and help children understand the topic.
If you can't even understand the questions, you will inevitably answer irrelevant questions. There are also some hidden known situations that need common sense of life and daily accumulation.
Learn to draw a circle
The circle painting here is not a simple graffiti, but a circle painting "keyword"! Many children don't want to do application problems because the topics are too long. An application problem has four or five words and only a few numbers, just like reading a paragraph of Chinese.
Therefore, children will feel very troublesome and don't want to read it, and the long text will give them the illusion that "this problem must be very difficult."
Learning to circle keywords can help children quickly circle numbers and draw key sentences, and filter out useless text descriptions, thus achieving the effect of simplifying the complex; Circle drawing keywords is also very useful for solving error-prone problems.
For example, if you circle the unit, you can see at a glance whether there is a "pit" in the unit and draw the question, so that you can clearly know what the question is and avoid the situation of questionnaire, answering area and missing questions.
Learn to draw.
The combination of numbers and shapes can concretize abstract problems, and the pure text narration of application problems is too abstract, which will make children confused and unable to find or find the quantitative relationship.
So there is no way to start, and some children are wrong even if they do it. Graphics are more intuitive than words. The logical relationship and quantitative relationship in the diagram are clear at a glance.
In elementary school math application problems, children should learn these kinds of graphics:
One is a tree diagram. Tree diagram is often used for classification and step-by-step application problems.
Second, venn diagram is also called Venn's diagram. Venn diagram is generally used for inclusive application problems, and senior students will continue to learn to use it.
The last and most important graph is the line segment graph. Line drawing is widely used in elementary school application problems, such as sum and difference times, engineering problems, travel problems, fractional application problems, proportional application problems and so on.
Therefore, learning to draw pictures is extremely important in solving application problems. For many topics, drawing the correct picture is half the battle, and drawing can achieve twice the result with half the effort.
Get into the good habit of checking.
Inspection is to check for leaks and fill gaps, and inspection plays an important role in solving application problems. Why do many children know how to do it but can't get full marks?
It is because I never look it up, either missing the unit or forgetting to answer it, the formula is listed correctly, and the final calculation result is obviously wrong. Learning to check can largely avoid these situations of losing points because of details, and the scores of application questions will naturally be high.