The historical background and main contents of the formation of the new democratic revolutionary theory
While the Kuomintang die-hards oppose * * * militarily, they have also stepped up their ideological opposition. In the sharp and complicated historical environment of national struggle and class struggle, in order to China's national liberation and anti-Japanese democratic reunification, to point out the correct revolutionary road for the people of China, and to crush the political and ideological attacks of the Kuomintang die-hards, Mao Zedong wrote Producer's Introduction, China Revolution and China Producer * * * and Theory of New Democracy on the basis of scientifically summarizing China's revolutionary experience. While refuting the die-hards' fallacy against * * *, it enriched and perfected China's new-democratic revolution theory of the * * * production party, expounded all the opinions of the * * * production party on China revolution and building a new China to the people of the whole country, and put forward the fundamental line, program and policy of the new-democratic revolution.
Starting from the social nature of China and the historical characteristics of China revolution, Mao Zedong scientifically expounded the historical process of China revolution and the characteristics of new-democratic revolution. He pointed out that the semi-colonial and semi-feudal nature of China's real society determined that China's revolution must be divided into two steps: the first step is the democratic revolution, and the second step is the socialist revolution.
Mao Zedong further revealed the basic features of the new-democratic revolution. "The so-called democracy is not the old category of democracy, not the old democracy, but the new category of democracy, but the new democracy." Specifically, from the revolutionary front, the new-democratic revolution is a part of the world proletarian revolution that started from the October Revolution, and it is no longer a part of the bourgeois revolution in the old world aimed at establishing bourgeois harmony. From the viewpoint of revolutionary leadership, the leader of the new-democratic revolution is already the proletariat of China, not the bourgeoisie. Mao Zedong pointed out that this historic change of China's revolutionary leadership is the main symbol of the transformation from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution. From the May 4th Movement 19 19, China's democratic revolution was transformed into a new-democratic revolution, that is, an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolution led by the proletariat. From the perspective of the future of the revolution, "the new-democratic revolution is a necessary preparation for the socialist revolution, and the socialist revolution is an inevitable trend of the new-democratic revolution." Mao Zedong pointed out that only by completing the previous revolution can the latter revolution be completed, and it is impossible to "do our best". However, it is "impossible" to insert a stage of bourgeois dictatorship between these two revolutions.
These works by Mao Zedong also depict the blueprint of the new democratic social system. He pointed out the basic program of new democracy: politically, it is necessary to establish a "democratic republic under the joint dictatorship of all anti-imperialist and anti-feudal people led by the proletariat, that is, a * * * new democratic republic". Economically, all "big banks, big industries and big enterprises should be owned by this country"; "This * * * Republic does not confiscate the private property of other capitalism, and does not prohibit the development of capitalist production that cannot manipulate the livelihood of the people"; This * * * country will take some necessary measures to confiscate the land of landlords and distribute it to farmers who have no land and little land. Culturally, we should get rid of the slavery of imperialism and feudalism and implement the people's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal culture, that is, "democratic and scientific mass culture." These basic programs of new democracy are different from the old bourgeois democracy and socialism.
Finally, Mao Zedong's works also profoundly summarized three main experiences in defeating the enemy: United front, armed struggle and Party building. Mao Zedong believes that the United front, armed struggle and party building are the three magic weapons for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to defeat the enemy in the China Revolution, while the United front and armed struggle are the two basic weapons to defeat the enemy. The United front is the United front of armed struggle. The party organization is "a heroic warrior who has mastered the United front and armed struggle to charge the enemy." Mao Zedong believes that "a correct understanding of these three issues and their interrelationships is equivalent to leading all China revolutions correctly".
In short, during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, led by Mao Zedong, further combined Marxism-Leninism with the reality of the China Revolution, scientifically analyzed the social nature of China, the historical characteristics of the China Revolution and the basic laws of the China Revolution, thus dividing the democratic revolution into the new-democratic revolution and the old-democratic revolution for the first time in the international capitalist movement, forming a complete system of the theory, line and corresponding basic policies of the new-democratic revolution. This marks the further development of Mao Zedong Thought, which combines Marxism-Leninism with China's revolutionary practice. Mao Zedong's exposition on China's new-democratic revolution theory made the people of China see clearly the development law and future of China revolution, greatly encouraged their confidence in winning, and effectively guided and promoted the victory and development of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and China revolutions.
New democratic revolution (19 19- 1949)
The May 4th Movement, which took place in 19 19, is regarded as the ideological source of many important events in China's modern history. The direct reason is the unequal clauses imposed on China after the First World War. Strong patriotism led to this protest movement initiated by students and then developed to all levels of the country. At the same time, it triggered all kinds of new ideas into China, the most striking of which was the spread of Marxism–Leninism in China. 192 1 year, Mao Zedong and others 12 people held the first national congress on behalf of local * * * production groups, and the China * * * production party was born.
China * * * Production Party experienced the Northern Expedition (1924- 1927), the Agrarian Revolutionary War (1927- 1937) and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1937) in the process of leading the people to carry out the new-democratic revolution. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, China's * * * production party cooperated with the Kuomintang to fight against the invaders and won the victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. However, in 1945, the Kuomintang launched a civil war. After three years of the war of liberation, the China * * * Production Party finally overthrew the Kuomintang government in 1949.
The great significance and basic experience of the victory of China's new-democratic revolution
1949 1 year 1 October1day, the Central People's Government Committee held its first meeting, announced the establishment of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC), and accepted the "China People's Political Consultative Conference" as the policy of the Central People's Government. The meeting elected Lin as Secretary General of the Central People's Government Committee, appointed Premier the State Council and Foreign Minister of the Central People's Government, chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government, commander-in-chief of the China People's Liberation Army, Shen Junru as President of the Central People's Government the Supreme People's Court, and Luo Ronghuan as Attorney General of the Central People's Government the Supreme People's Procuratorate. The meeting instructed them to form a government agency as soon as possible and start implementing various government work. At the same time, the meeting also announced to governments all over the world that the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) is the sole legal government of China and is willing to establish diplomatic relations with any foreign government that abides by the principles of equality, mutual benefit and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty.
On the afternoon of April, 300,000 people from the capital gathered in Tiananmen Square to hold a grand founding ceremony. Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Central People's Government, personally raised the first five-star red flag, and then read the Proclamation of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC), solemnly announcing to the world that People's Republic of China (PRC) was established! Since then, the people of China have stood up!
The victory of the China Revolution is of great historical significance.
First of all, the victory of China's new-democratic revolution ended the rule of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism in China and established a new China under the people's democratic dictatorship. For thousands of years, the history of China has been dominated by a few exploiters. Over the past century, western capitalist powers have dragged China into the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society step by step with their strong ships and guns. Although the Revolution of 1911 overthrew China's feudal autocracy which lasted for more than two thousand years, it did not change the social nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. China people struggled for freedom, democracy, independence and unity for a whole century, and finally won the great victory of China's democratic revolution under the leadership of China's * * * production party. Since then, the working people have become the masters of the new China. This is a great turning point in the history of China and marks a new period in China society.
Secondly, the victory of China's new-democratic revolution has also had a great impact on the development of world history. The victory of China Revolution is the most important event in the history of international proletarian movement after the victory of October Revolution. It broke through the eastern front of imperialism and dealt a fatal blow to the imperialist colonial system, thus greatly changing the balance of world political power. China has changed from the rear base of imperialist rule to the outpost of anti-imperialist struggle, which has greatly enhanced the world's anti-imperialist and anti-colonial power. The victory of the China Revolution greatly inspired the people of many countries like China who were exploited and oppressed by imperialism and colonialism, and strengthened their confidence and determination in their struggle. It has also had a profound and far-reaching impact on the development of the international situation and the revolutionary struggle of the people of the world.
Finally, the victory of China Revolution is the victory of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. Since the Opium War, countless people with lofty ideals have struggled for the country's independence and prosperity, but failed to achieve revolutionary success. Only in the process of the new-democratic revolution, under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party and the correct guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, the people of China combined the universal truth of Marxism–Leninism with the China Revolution, and successfully overthrew the rule of the three great mountains in old China. Thanks to the victory of China's new-democratic revolution, China's * * * Production Party is recognized as the leading core of the people of all ethnic groups in China, China's * * * Production Party's first generation leading collective Comrade Mao Zedong is recognized as the great leader of China's * * * Production Party and China's people of all ethnic groups, and Mao Zedong Thought is recognized as the guiding ideology of China's * * * Production Party. These basic conclusions formed on the basis of summing up the positive and negative experiences and lessons of the China Revolution have become great spiritual wealth for the people of China.
The victory of the China Revolution has also provided us with many valuable experiences.
First of all, China's * * * production party was able to lead the China revolution to victory because she adhered to the correct direction of combining the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the China revolution. This is one of the most basic experiences of the Party. During the nearly 80 years from the Opium War to the May 4th Movement, the people's struggle against China never stopped. However, the people of China do not have any ideological weapons to resist imperialism. After the October Revolution, Marxism began to spread widely in China, and the people of China had a new ideological weapon. Marxism is the scientific world outlook and social revolutionary theory of the proletariat. Its vitality lies in its close combination with social practice and its ability to open up the way for people to know the truth in practice. Mao Zedong and his comrades-in-arms, with a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, adopted the working method of the mass line from the masses to the masses, independently thought about and solved the China issue, combined the universal truth of Marxism with the revolutionary practice of China's long-term revolutionary struggle, and successfully made it a national style and form that China people understood, accepted and loved. Mao Zedong Thought is the product of combining the universal truth of Marxism with the reality of China revolution, the application and development of Marxism–Leninism in China, the correct theoretical principle and experience summary of China revolution proved by practice, and the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s collective wisdom. The formation and development of Mao Zedong Thought made Marxism–Leninism deeply rooted in China, and was transformed into a great material force to promote the revolutionary changes in China society by the Chinese Production Party and the people of China. It can be said that without the correct guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, there would be no victory of the China Revolution.
Secondly, without the leadership of the China * * * production party, there would be no new China. China people's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal old democratic revolution failed because no advanced political party, like China Productivity Party, as the vanguard of the working class in China, has always represented the development requirements of China's advanced social productive forces, the orientation of China's advanced culture and the strong leadership of the overwhelming majority of the people in China in all historical periods of revolution, construction and reform. In the new-democratic revolution, the China * * * Production Party pointed out the goal for the people of China, found the road to victory in the practice of long-term struggle, and United and condensed the people of China, who were regarded as "fragmented", into a great force that no reactionary forces could defeat. Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, the revolutionary struggle of the people of China has experienced many setbacks and detours, but it has finally won the great victory of the China revolution. "Without the * * * production party, there would be no new China", which is a scientific conclusion drawn by the people of China according to the historical experience of the modern China revolution and a great truth confirmed by their own personal experience.
Third, the establishment of the broadest revolutionary united front is the foundation of China's revolutionary victory. The revolutionary object of China's new-democratic revolution is extremely cruel and vicious. At the same time, the proletariat and the landlord and big bourgeoisie account for only a few of the population, and the vast majority are farmers, urban petty bourgeoisie and other middle classes. Therefore, if the proletariat wants to win the revolution, it must strive for and unite with the broad middle class. In the process of the new-democratic revolution, the * * * Production Party of China always believed in this point, and adhered to the principle of taking the proletariat as the leader and the alliance of workers and peasants as the basis in the revolutionary United front, thus under the banner of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism, the people of all ethnic groups and people of all walks of life in the country were closely United around them, went through hardships and overcame many difficulties and obstacles, and finally overthrew the three mountains that were pressing on the people's heads and won the new-democratic revolution in China. This is another important experience of China's revolutionary victory.
Finally, the implementation of the people's democratic dictatorship system in China is the historical necessity of the development of China's revolution. In the process of China's democratic revolution, I tried bourgeois democracy and bourgeois * * * and China's plan, but they all failed in the end. Facts have proved that China's new-democratic revolution was successful because people's democracy replaced bourgeois democracy and the People's Republic replaced bourgeois republic. As Mao Zedong pointed out in his On People's Democratic Dictatorship, when summing up the experience of China's * * production party in leading the revolutionary struggle for 28 years: "To sum up our experience, focus on one point, that is, the working class (in the future," we can rely on the people's democratic dictatorship as a weapon to unite all people except the reactionaries and walk steadily to our destination) ". This is a profound summary of the revolutionary struggle experience of China's * * * production party for nearly a hundred years.
1949 1 year 1 October1day, the Central People's Government Committee held its first meeting, announced the establishment of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC), and accepted the "China People's Political Consultative Conference" as the policy of the Central People's Government. The meeting elected Lin as Secretary General of the Central People's Government Committee, appointed Premier the State Council and Foreign Minister of the Central People's Government, chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government, commander-in-chief of the China People's Liberation Army, Shen Junru as President of the Central People's Government the Supreme People's Court, and Luo Ronghuan as Attorney General of the Central People's Government the Supreme People's Procuratorate. The meeting instructed them to form a government agency as soon as possible and start implementing various government work. At the same time, the meeting also announced to governments all over the world that the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) is the sole legal government of China and is willing to establish diplomatic relations with any foreign government that abides by the principles of equality, mutual benefit and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty.
On the afternoon of April, 300,000 people from the capital gathered in Tiananmen Square to hold a grand founding ceremony. Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Central People's Government, personally raised the first five-star red flag, and then read the Proclamation of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC), solemnly announcing to the world that People's Republic of China (PRC) was established! Since then, the people of China have stood up!
The victory of the China Revolution is of great historical significance.
First of all, the victory of China's new-democratic revolution ended the rule of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism in China and established a new China under the people's democratic dictatorship. For thousands of years, the history of China has been dominated by a few exploiters. Over the past century, western capitalist powers have dragged China into the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society step by step with their strong ships and guns. Although the Revolution of 1911 overthrew China's feudal autocracy which lasted for more than two thousand years, it did not change the social nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. China people struggled for freedom, democracy, independence and unity for a whole century, and finally won the great victory of China's democratic revolution under the leadership of China's * * * production party. Since then, the working people have become the masters of the new China. This is a great turning point in the history of China and marks a new period in China society.
Secondly, the victory of China's new-democratic revolution has also had a great impact on the development of world history. The victory of China Revolution is the most important event in the history of international proletarian movement after the victory of October Revolution. It broke through the eastern front of imperialism and dealt a fatal blow to the imperialist colonial system, thus greatly changing the balance of world political power. China has changed from the rear base of imperialist rule to the outpost of anti-imperialist struggle, which has greatly enhanced the world's anti-imperialist and anti-colonial power. The victory of the China Revolution greatly inspired the people of many countries like China who were exploited and oppressed by imperialism and colonialism, and strengthened their confidence and determination in their struggle. It has also had a profound and far-reaching impact on the development of the international situation and the revolutionary struggle of the people of the world.
Finally, the victory of China Revolution is the victory of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. Since the Opium War, countless people with lofty ideals have struggled for the country's independence and prosperity, but failed to achieve revolutionary success. Only in the process of the new-democratic revolution, under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party and the correct guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, the people of China combined the universal truth of Marxism–Leninism with the China Revolution, and successfully overthrew the rule of the three great mountains in old China. Thanks to the victory of China's new-democratic revolution, China's * * * Production Party is recognized as the leading core of the people of all ethnic groups in China, China's * * * Production Party's first generation leading collective Comrade Mao Zedong is recognized as the great leader of China's * * * Production Party and China's people of all ethnic groups, and Mao Zedong Thought is recognized as the guiding ideology of China's * * * Production Party. These basic conclusions formed on the basis of summing up the positive and negative experiences and lessons of the China Revolution have become great spiritual wealth for the people of China.
The victory of the China Revolution has also provided us with many valuable experiences.
First of all, China's * * * production party was able to lead the China revolution to victory because she adhered to the correct direction of combining the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the China revolution. This is one of the most basic experiences of the Party. During the nearly 80 years from the Opium War to the May 4th Movement, the people's struggle against China never stopped. However, the people of China do not have any ideological weapons to resist imperialism. After the October Revolution, Marxism began to spread widely in China, and the people of China had a new ideological weapon. Marxism is the scientific world outlook and social revolutionary theory of the proletariat. Its vitality lies in its close combination with social practice and its ability to open up the way for people to know the truth in practice. Mao Zedong and his comrades-in-arms, with a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, adopted the working method of the mass line from the masses to the masses, independently thought about and solved the China issue, combined the universal truth of Marxism with the revolutionary practice of China's long-term revolutionary struggle, and successfully made it a national style and form that China people understood, accepted and loved. Mao Zedong Thought is the product of combining the universal truth of Marxism with the reality of China revolution, the application and development of Marxism–Leninism in China, the correct theoretical principle and experience summary of China revolution proved by practice, and the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s collective wisdom. The formation and development of Mao Zedong Thought made Marxism–Leninism deeply rooted in China, and was transformed into a great material force to promote the revolutionary changes in China society by the Chinese Production Party and the people of China. It can be said that without the correct guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, there would be no victory of the China Revolution.
Secondly, without the leadership of the China * * * production party, there would be no new China. China people's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal old democratic revolution failed because no advanced political party, like China Productivity Party, as the vanguard of the working class in China, has always represented the development requirements of China's advanced social productive forces, the orientation of China's advanced culture and the strong leadership of the overwhelming majority of the people in China in all historical periods of revolution, construction and reform. In the new-democratic revolution, the China * * * Production Party pointed out the goal for the people of China, found the road to victory in the practice of long-term struggle, and United and condensed the people of China, who were regarded as "fragmented", into a great force that no reactionary forces could defeat. Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, the revolutionary struggle of the people of China has experienced many setbacks and detours, but it has finally won the great victory of the China revolution. "Without the * * * production party, there would be no new China", which is a scientific conclusion drawn by the people of China according to the historical experience of the modern China revolution and a great truth confirmed by their own personal experience.
Third, the establishment of the broadest revolutionary united front is the foundation of China's revolutionary victory. The revolutionary object of China's new-democratic revolution is extremely cruel and vicious. At the same time, the proletariat and the landlord and big bourgeoisie account for only a few of the population, and the vast majority are farmers, urban petty bourgeoisie and other middle classes. Therefore, if the proletariat wants to win the revolution, it must strive for and unite with the broad middle class. In the process of the new-democratic revolution, the * * * Production Party of China always believed in this point, and adhered to the principle of taking the proletariat as the leader and the alliance of workers and peasants as the basis in the revolutionary United front, thus under the banner of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism, the people of all ethnic groups and people of all walks of life in the country were closely United around them, went through hardships and overcame many difficulties and obstacles, and finally overthrew the three mountains that were pressing on the people's heads and won the new-democratic revolution in China. This is another important experience of China's revolutionary victory.
Finally, the implementation of the people's democratic dictatorship system in China is the historical necessity of the development of China's revolution. In the process of China's democratic revolution, I tried bourgeois democracy and bourgeois * * * and China's plan, but they all failed in the end. Facts have proved that China's new-democratic revolution was successful because people's democracy replaced bourgeois democracy and the People's Republic replaced bourgeois republic. As Mao Zedong pointed out in his On People's Democratic Dictatorship, when summing up the experience of China's * * production party in leading the revolutionary struggle for 28 years: "To sum up our experience, focus on one point, that is, the working class (in the future," we can rely on the people's democratic dictatorship as a weapon to unite all people except the reactionaries and walk steadily to our destination) ". This is a profound summary of the revolutionary struggle experience of China's * * * production party for nearly a hundred years. The May 4th Movement, which took place in 19 19, is regarded as the ideological source of many important events in China's modern history. The direct reason is the unequal clauses imposed on China after the First World War. Strong patriotism led to this protest movement initiated by students and then developed to all levels of the country. At the same time, it triggered various new ideological trends into China, the most striking of which was the spread of Marxism–Leninism in China. 192 1 year, Mao Zedong and others 12 people held the first national congress on behalf of local * * * production groups, and the China * * * production party was born.
China * * * Production Party experienced the Northern Expedition (1924- 1927), the Agrarian Revolutionary War (1927- 1937) and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1937) in the process of leading the people to carry out the new-democratic revolution. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, China's * * * production party cooperated with the Kuomintang to fight against the invaders and won the victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. However, in 1945, the Kuomintang launched a civil war. After three years of the war of liberation, the China * * * Production Party finally overthrew the Kuomintang government in 1949.
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