1 application of ground source heat pump
Ground source heat pump (GSHPS) is a broad term, which includes systems that use soil, groundwater and surface water as heat sources and heat sinks, namely ground source heat pump system (GCHPS), also known as ground heat exchanger (GSHP). Groundwater heat pump; Surface water heat pump.
1. 1 foreign development
Because the ground source heat pump system uses renewable geothermal energy, it is called: 2 1 century technology with energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics. This technology began in 19 12 (a patent put forward by Switzerland, and the application of this technology began in Britain and the United States). Starting from 1946, the United States has carried out research on the structural form, structural parameters and the influence of pipelines on the performance of heat pumps 12 major projects of GSHP system. The first ground source heat pump system in the United States was installed in downtown Portland, Oregon.
Especially in recent ten years, ground source heat pump has made rapid development in industrialized countries in Europe and America, and has become a mature application technology. By the end of 2000, there were more than 400,000 platform-source heat pump systems used in American homes, schools and commercial buildings, providing about 8,000 ~11000 gwh of terminal energy every year.
The application of ground source heat source in engineering mainly includes underground coupled heat pump system, groundwater heat pump system and surface water heat pump system.
1.2 domestic development and application
Energy consumption status 1.2. 1
By 2040, the total primary energy consumption in China will reach 3.86 billion tons of standard coal, which is three times of the current total energy consumption. By the end of this century, the highest annual output of primary energy in China will be 3.2 billion tons of standard coal. Therefore, the long-term average annual growth rate of energy consumption in China should be controlled at around 2.5% until the goal of zero growth of energy consumption is achieved in 2040.
Of the total proven energy reserves in China, coal reserves account for about 1 1% of the world's reserves, crude oil accounts for 2.4%, and natural gas only accounts for 1.2%. China's population accounts for about 20% of the world's population, and its per capita energy possession is less than half of the world average. China is a big coal country, but the reserves ratio of the other six of the seven major coal countries in the world are all over 200 years, and only China is less than 100 years. The proportion of oil reserves is 40 years, and the average abundance of oil and natural gas in China is only 57% and 45% of the world average.
Faced with such a severe energy situation, the country's overall energy policy is still to pay equal attention to energy conservation, new energy development and renewable energy utilization. Therefore, the popularization and application of ground source heat pump technology in China has great practical significance and broad development prospects.
1.2.2 application of ground source heat pump
The design of ground source heat pump air conditioning system mainly includes two parts: one is the design of water ring air conditioning system in the building; The second is the design of underground part of ground source heat pump air conditioning system, that is, the design of underground heat exchanger of underground coupled heat pump system, surface water heat exchanger of surface water heat pump system and well system of underground heat pump system.
The office building of Minhang Development Zone in Shanghai (4305m2, cooling load 4532KW, heating load 23 1KW) adopted the underground coupled heat pump system for the first time, and it was put into operation in June 1989. Its technology and equipment are provided by the United States and are well used. 135 vertical tube well with a depth of 35 meters, and the buried pipe is polybutylene pipe. Domestic universities have carried out relevant experimental research and small-scale engineering application of vertical or horizontal buried pipes, and established a heat transfer model of buried pipes. The temperature and thermophysical parameters of soil are different under different geological conditions, so the application of underground coupled heat pump needs further experimental verification and experimental data accumulation.
Surface water heat pump system: the temperature of surface water is greatly affected by climate. Similar to air source heat pump, the water temperature of shallow lakes such as Wuhan East Lake is higher than the wet bulb temperature in summer, which is of no use value, and the water temperature is slightly higher than the air temperature in winter, which can be used as heat source water. The measured data show that the depth of Fenghua River in Ningbo is 365,438 0.2℃, and the bottom of Pearl River is 365,438 0.8℃. The thermal pollution of river water is serious, and its utilization value is not great. Yangtze River water can be used as the heat source of surface water heat pump system, but the water level of the river is very low in winter, so it is extremely difficult to use it in practice from the perspective of water intake economy and flood control.
Groundwater heat pump system: Based on the above situation, it can be seen that at present, in China, groundwater heat pump system is more mature in technology, more feasible in utilization and more projects are implemented. At present, there are twenty or thirty domestic manufacturers of water source heat pump units. Because China has not yet promulgated the production technical standards of water source heat pump units, the quality of products produced by domestic manufacturers is quite different. Judging from the product samples of some manufacturers, the technical parameters are incomplete and inaccurate. Because many manufacturers have no actual measurement means, many data required by adopting water source heat pump units can't be provided, and it doesn't even rule out that some manufacturers with poor technical strength simply don't understand the technical difference between water source heat pump units and conventional water chillers, and directly sell conventional water chillers to the market as water source heat pumps. At present, as far as the manufacturers contacted by the author are concerned, only one foreign company can provide the selection data of special computer software, and can select reasonable and credible unit configuration and various performance data according to the design conditions.
Application of Ground Source Heat Pump in Wuhan
2. 1 underground water source heat pump engineering example
2. 1. 1 The earliest application of underground water source heat pump in Hubei project was Valeo Automobile Air Conditioning Co., Ltd. located in Shashi, Jingzhou, which adopted two LWP 1800(545KW) screw water-water heat pump units, 1 LGP350 (1. Due to the restriction of water intake, the water intake well is 50m3/h, and a cooling tower is added for supplementary cooling. When heating, a well can fully meet the heating demand because of the large heat dissipation of the equipment in the workshop itself. Well water 18.5℃ in summer and 17.8℃ in winter. It began to operate in September 2000.
2. 1.2 Tiandi Music City, located in Xunlimen, Hankou, with a construction area of 5000m2, adopts two sets of Italian Clemente piston water source heat pump units WRHH 1202, with a total cooling capacity of 720Kw and a total heating capacity of 750Kw (including 450Kw for heating and 300Kw for domestic hot water in heat recovery system). Drill two wells, one for pumping and the other for irrigation. The recharge amount is about 90%, the well depth is 47 meters, the water outlet in winter is 20.5℃, and the water intake is 60 cubic meters/hour ... In winter, the temperature of the operating unit rises rapidly, and the water supply temperature of the unit can reach above 45℃ in less than 2 hours. It began to operate in June 2002.
2. 1.3 Comprehensive workshop of Wuhan Lingyun Science and Technology Group, with a total construction area of 1 1000m2, including 4,000m2 office and 7,000m2 production workshop. Choose two French seat screw water source heat pumps LWP2500, with total cooling capacity 1.440 kW and heating capacity 1.900 kW. Four wells were drilled, two in each group, one for pumping and one for irrigation. It started operation in June 2002.
Champs Elysé es Garden, Hong Kong Road, Hankou 2. 1.4, with a total cooling capacity of 3200Kw and a total heating capacity of 2500Kw. In this design, three screw water source heat pumps BE/SRHH2702, chilled water 7/ 12℃ and groundwater 18/32℃ are selected. When heating, the heating water is 40/50℃ and the groundwater is 18/8℃. Drilling wells shall be undertaken by Wuhan Geological Engineering Survey Institute, with the water intake of 80m3/h per well. First, test wells shall be drilled to obtain experimental data for detailed calculation and hydrogeological analysis. Three water intake wells and five recharge wells are designed, and each well is recharged by 60%. The analysis and calculation show that when three wells pump water at the same time and five wells recharge at the same time, the groundwater level in the south side of the site is less than 1m, and the ground subsidence in the other parts is less than 0.5m: 1cm, and the ground subsidence in the other parts is less than 0.5cm.. The uneven settlement of most sites is less than 0.2‰, which will not adversely affect the normal use of geology and buildings. It started running in June, 2002 165438+ 10.
2. 1.5 comprehensive building of Wuhan hangda company, East West Lake, Hankou, with a building area of 18000m2. Two Clemente screw water source heat pump units BE/SRHH2702 are adopted, and six water intake wells and six recharge wells are designed, each with a water intake of 20m3/h, which started operation in September 2003.
2. 1.6 Hankou baibuting garden complex building, with a construction area of 2 1000m2, adopts 1 screw water chiller LWP2800, 2 screw water source heat pumps LWP 1400, 1 scroll water source heat pump LGP/kl. This project is a unique air conditioning system that combines ice storage system and water source heat pump system, which has the dual significance of peak shaving, energy saving and environmental protection. It started operation in June 2004 +065438+ 10.
2. 1.7 Hubei university library, with a building area of 42,000m2, adopts three clement screw water source heat pumps BE/SRHH3602, with a total cooling capacity of 3850KW and a total heating capacity of 3 100KW. Three water intake wells and six recharge wells are designed, and the water intake of each well is120m3/h. According to the field situation, the spacing between water intake wells should be widened as much as possible, and the temperature difference of groundwater should be used as much as possible under partial load to reduce water consumption. It started operation in June 2004 +065438+ 10.
2. 1.8 Hankou Fuxing Fitch office complex with construction area of 10000m2. Two screw water source heat pumps LWP 1800 from SEAT Company are adopted. The total cooling capacity is 1090KW, and the total heating capacity is 850KW. Two water intake wells and four recharge wells are designed, each with a water intake of 80m3/h, which started operation in June 2003165438+1October.
2. 1.9 Hubei Police College Library? Gymnasium, with a building area of 20,000 square meters. Two clement screw water source heat pumps BE/SRHH2702 are used, with a total cooling capacity of 2300KW and a total heating capacity of 1600KW. Two water intake wells and four recharge wells are designed, and the water intake of each well is 80m3/h.
Construction area of student canteen in Hubei Police Officer College 12000m2. Two clement screw water source heat pumps BE/SRHH2702 are used, with a total cooling capacity of 2300KW and a total heating capacity of 1600KW. Two water intake wells and four recharge wells were designed, and the water intake of each well was 80m3/h, which was put into operation in July 2004.
2.2 underground coupled heat pump engineering example
2.2. 1 the office building of the driving school of the provincial public security department, with a construction area of 5000m2, adopts two Clement screw ground source heat pump units WRHH0802, with a total cooling capacity of 520KW and a total heating capacity of 370KW. The outdoor site is used for vertical pipe burying, with 220 holes with a spacing of 4X4M. U-shaped PE heat exchange tubes are buried in holes10000m and 30m deep. It started running in June, 2002 165438+ 10.
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