In 2004, the State Council promulgated the "Decision on Deepening Reform and Strict Land Management", which stipulated that "the right to use construction land collectively owned by farmers can be transferred according to law", emphasizing that "the right to use construction land collectively owned by farmers in villages, market towns and towns can be transferred according to law on the premise of conforming to the plan."
At the same time, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui, Tianjin and other places have started local or regional experiments on the transfer of rural construction land use rights, and formed some models, such as agricultural land shares in Chongqing, leased agricultural land in Hainan, Guangdong, and small property houses in the suburbs of Beijing.
20 14 The General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Guiding the Orderly Circulation of Rural Land Management Rights and Developing Moderate Scale Operation of Agriculture, and issued a notice requesting all localities and departments to conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation. The "Opinions" call for vigorously developing land circulation and moderate scale operation, and completing the confirmation of contractual management rights within five years.
Features:
1, the circulation speed is accelerated and gradually formed. Since the second round of land contracting in 1998, the circulation speed of land contractual management right in our county has been accelerated year by year, the area of land circulation has been expanding, and the number of farmers involved has been increasing.
The proportion of the transferred land area to the total cultivated land area ranges from 5% to more than 15%, with an average ratio of about 8%, and the number of farmers participating in land transfer accounts for about 26% of the total number of farmers.
2. The circulation types are diverse and the proportion is uneven. According to different standards, the transfer behavior of land contractual management right can be divided into many types.
Extended data:
There are four reasons for the transfer of rural land contractual management rights.
1, the land contract operation cost is high and the income is low. Before the agricultural tax exemption, farmers were not enthusiastic about contracting land management because of their heavy burden and relatively low income. Many farmers who go out to work and do business have transferred the contracted management right to their relatives, friends or other farmers, and some have invested in shares or shares with their own contracted management right of land.
This is one of the most important reasons for the transfer of land contractual management rights in the past few years.
2. Rural secondary and tertiary industry development and labor transfer. In the second round of land contracting, the principle of "increasing people without increasing land, reducing people without reducing land" makes the contradiction between rural population and land shortage more prominent. As a result, a large number of labor forces were transferred to the local rural secondary and tertiary industries or other places, and some of the transferred labor forces drove the whole family to transfer, and then the land contractual management right was transferred to others.
3. The needs of non-agricultural construction projects in villages and towns. Due to the need for land for non-agricultural construction projects such as attracting investment and industrial parks, towns and villages transfer the contracted management right of land from farmers by lease.
4. The need of rural industrial structure adjustment. The village is a large professional contractor. On the one hand, farmers are encouraged to transfer the contracted management right of land to farming objects; On the other hand, transferring land from farmers through leasing or other means and then subcontracting it to farming objects, that is, "reverse leasing and reverse contracting".
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Land Transfer