Grass carp is fed much faster. The fry were stocked after Tomb-Sweeping Day in April, and buds and grass can be seen everywhere in April. At this time, the tender weeds in the field can be cut off at 9: 00 in the morning and fed to the fry for 3 hours and 2 hours at 4: 00 in the afternoon.
Grass can be planted to increase forage in spring, and the drought-resistant growth ability of elephant grass in protein is 65,438+06%.
By mid-May, cassava planted by farmers can be cut down and fed to grass carp, which means that cassava will grow 1 to 4 rhizomes after planting, and only one is cut, which is beneficial to growth. The protein content of cassava leaves is about 20%. Cassava leaves should be fed for 3 hours and 2 hours at 4 pm.
Make a square feeding rack with bamboo to facilitate feeding. The cassava stalks after feeding should be picked up in time to avoid rotting in the water and affecting the water quality.
Cassava leaves and elephant grass should alternate every other day to increase the feeding of different nutrients.
In this way, after 8 to 9 months of careful feeding with green feed and feed, the weight of grass carp can reach 4 to 5 Jin, so that the price of good meat quality of cultivated grass carp is more than twice as high as that of grass carp fed with feed alone.
In the past, the conventional culture of grass carp was mainly mixed culture, which took three years to develop, with high cost and long capital occupation. The author summarized and popularized the high yield, high efficiency and rapid culture technology of pollution-free grass carp, which is introduced as follows.
1. Pond requirements: pond area 10-20 mu, water depth 2-2.5 meters, and silt thickness not exceeding 20 cm. Every 10 mu pond is equipped with 1 aerator and automatic bait feeder with power of 3kW.
2. Pond cleaning: drain the pond water in winter and freeze it for more than 20 days. Clean and disinfect the pond with quicklime 150kg of water 10-20cm per mu/0/5 days before stocking fish.
3. Fish culture: Before and after the Spring Festival, 300 grass carp, 300 crucian carp, 50 silver carp, and bighead carp 15-20/kg were put into each mu. Soak the fingerlings in 5% salt solution for 5- 10 minutes before stocking.
4. Feed-feeding: Feed mainly granular feed with protein content of 28-32%, supplemented by turquoise feed. Feed feeding follows? Rough first, then fine? And then what? Four decisions and four looks? Generally, feed it twice a day and eat it within 2 hours. Grass carp is 80% full. From March to June, we mainly fed granular feed with protein content of 28%, and the daily feeding rate was 3%, and green feed was properly fed; From July to September, the feeding amount of granular feed was controlled, the daily feeding rate was about 65438 0.5%, the protein content of granular feed was 28%, and the feeding amount of green feed was increased to control the occurrence of fish diseases; In June 10- 1 1, the pellet feed with protein content of 32% was fed. After feeding pellet feed continuously for a period of time, pellet feed should be stopped 1 week, and raw grain feed should be fed at intervals. Usually pay attention to adding vitamins and other drugs to the feed to avoid a large number of grass carp deaths due to diseases such as hepatobiliary syndrome.
5. Water quality management: use the aerator correctly, and start the aerator for 2 hours in the afternoon 1-3 every sunny day in June and June, and aerate in time in the early morning; Oxygen should be added early in continuous cloudy days. Inject new water into the pond at the right time. Small rows of small inlets, changing water many times? Measures to gradually control water quality. From June to September, add fresh water 1 time every 3-5 days, add about 10cm of water each time, and sprinkle the mud with quicklime 1 time in the whole pool 10-20k g every 5-20 days.
6. Disease control: adoption? Coarse first, then fine, fine and green? Control the occurrence of hepatobiliary syndrome in grass carp. Common diseases of grass carp are erythroderma, gill rot and enteritis. Generally, oral administration is combined with external spraying, and external spraying is mainly based on disinfectants such as bleaching powder and chlorine dioxide, which lasts for 3 days. Oral? Three yellow powder? The bait works well. Every 50 kilograms of fish, 0.3 kilograms of Sanhuang powder (50% rhubarb, 30% phellodendron bark and 20% scutellaria root, ground into powder and stirred evenly) is mixed into the batter and fed to the feed for 3-5 days.
7. Timely fishing: timely fishing of large-scale adult fish is an important measure for high-yield culture of grass carp. The main purpose is to reduce the fish carrying capacity of pond water and promote the rapid growth of pond fish in the later stage. Generally, 1 time will be caught at the end of July, and it will be caught in the early morning when the water temperature is low.
The basic characteristics of grass carp are that the side is flat and slender, the kiss is short and round, and the mouth is large and unnecessary. It is characterized by two rows of comb-like pharyngeal teeth. The back of the fish is bluish brown and slightly yellow, and the abdomen is milky white, with large scales and black edges; The pectoral fin and ventral fin are slightly yellow, the caudal fin is shallowly bifurcated, and the dorsal fin has three hard spines; 7 to 8 dorsal fin strips; 3 hard spines of gluteal fin; The gluteal fins are 7 to 1 1, and the body length can reach 1.5 meters.
The only species of grass carp (CYPRINIDAE, CYPRINIDAE,? ? ? ? Subdivision). Also known as pomfret, grass-root fish and thick fish. The body is slightly cylindrical, the head is slightly flat and the tail is flat; The mouth is curved and unnecessary; The upper jaw is slightly longer than the lower jaw; The body is light tea yellow, the back is bluish gray, the abdomen is gray, the pectoral fin and ventral fin are slightly grayish yellow, and the other fins are light gray. It is unique to the plain area from Guangxi to Heilongjiang in eastern China.
Rivers and lakes inhabiting plain areas generally prefer to live in the middle and lower layers of water and coastal areas with more aquatic plants. Sexually active, swimming fast, often foraging in groups. It is a typical herbivorous fish. Overwintering in the deep water of mainstream or lake. Parent fish have the habit of swimming against the current during the breeding season. It has been transplanted to many countries in Asia, Europe, America and Africa. Because of its rapid growth and wide sources of feed, it is one of the four largest freshwater fish in China.
Among the important freshwater economic fishes in China, the most famous ones are grass carp, herring, silver carp and bighead carp. Four big fish? Although they are all endemic fish in China, grass carp, as a pioneer, has been transplanted all over the world because of its unique feeding habits and foraging methods. Its body is very long, slightly cylindrical, and its abdomen has no edge. The head is flat and the tail is flat. Mouth position, arc, not required. The hypopharyngeal teeth are in two rows, with flat sides, comb-shaped teeth and transverse grooves. The dorsal fin and the anal fin have no hard spines, and the dorsal fin is opposite to the ventral fin. The body is yellow-brown, the back is blue-gray and slightly grass-green, and the lateral fins are yellowish.
Grass carp is sweet, warm and non-toxic, and has the effect of warming stomach and stomach. It is used by Guangdong folk to steam with fried dough sticks, eggs and peppers, which can benefit the eyes and improve eyesight. Its bile tastes bitter, cold and toxic. Animal experiments show that grass carp bile has obvious antihypertensive effect, expectorant effect and mild antitussive effect. Jiangxi folk used bile to treat sudden deafness and fire and water burns. Although bile can cure diseases, it is toxic, and poisoning cases often occur because of swallowing too much grass carp bile. The poisoning process is mainly caused by toxins acting on digestive system and urinary system, which will cause gastrointestinal symptoms, liver and kidney failure in a short time, often accompanied by cardiovascular and nervous system diseases, causing brain edema, toxic shock and even death. There is no specific treatment for people who swallow grass carp gall, so grass carp gall should not be used for treatment. If you must use it, be careful.
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