The State of Qin set up a central organization consisting of the Prime Minister, Qiu and an ancient scholar. The prime minister is in charge of administration, Qiu is in charge of military affairs, and the censor is in charge of supervision and secretarial work.
The Han dynasty generally followed the Qin system and was called the Three Fairs. There were nine ministers in charge of all aspects of government affairs, which evolved into three provinces and six ministries in the Sui Dynasty.
The three provinces are Zhongshu (decision-making), Menxia (deliberation) and Shangshu (implementation), and the governors of the three provinces are all prime ministers. Song dynasty expanded the authority of Zhongshu province, and the Privy Council was divided into civil and military powers. Under the door, ministers save waste. The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was the highest administrative body, with the minister as assistant minister and the chief minister as video (that is, prime minister). In the military department of the Qing Dynasty, Wang, Gong and Shang Shu were ministers of military aircraft, who were in charge of state affairs.
The six departments refer to the "official department, which is in charge of the appointment, removal, assessment and promotion of officials; The Ministry is responsible for land registration, taxation and finance; Ministry of rites, in charge of ceremonies, imperial examinations, schools and other affairs; Ministry of war, in charge of military affairs; The penal department, in charge of judicial prisons; The Ministry of Industry is in charge of engineering construction, water conservancy and other matters. " The minister is a minister and the deputy minister is an assistant minister. There are practitioners, deputy foreign ministers and subordinate officials in charge.
In addition, the central government also has specialized agencies and officials responsible for managing books, editing history and making calendars. For example, Sima Qian and Zhang Heng served as Taishiling. Gao Qi edited The History of Hanlin.
Local official position:
The main administrative areas in Qin and Han Dynasties were counties. Chief, Qin said chief, Korea said satrap. The main administrative area of Sui and Tang Dynasties was Zhou, which was called the secretariat by state officials, and its subordinate officials were Chang Shi and Sima. In the Tang dynasty, in some important military towns, our officials were appointed, including marching horses, staff officers and secretaries. In Song Dynasty, state officials were called breg and county officials were called breg. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the state was changed to the government, which was called the magistrate.
In addition, there were also counties in the Han Dynasty, and the world was divided into thirteen counties, all of which were basically monitoring areas. The central government sent officials to spy on the situation, calling it a secretariat. In the Tang dynasty, the whole country was divided into twenty-two roads, also known as prison areas, and the central government sent officials to patrol and called ambassadors. In the Song Dynasty, the whole country was divided into more than 20 channels, and several departments were responsible for all aspects of affairs. In the Yuan Dynasty, the highest local administrative organization was called the book province in China, and in the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed the Chengxuan Bureaucracy Department, and it is still called "province" in custom.
The title of title is the title of title and title, which was awarded by the ancient emperor to nobles and nobles. According to the old saying, there were five titles in the Zhou Dynasty, namely, public title, Hou title, Bo title, sub-title and male title, and the title system of later generations often varied from time to time. For example, in the early Han Dynasty, Prince Liu Bangli was the king, and the seven chivalrous men were the king, among which Peng Yue was Liang Wang and Ying Bu was the king of Huainan. Wei was named King Chen; Don Guo Ziyi was named Guo Ziyi; Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty named Prince Azig as the Prince of England and many as the Prince of Yu. For another example, in Song Dynasty, Kou Zhun sealed Lai Guogong, Wang Anshi sealed Jing Guogong, and Sima Guang was Wen Guogong; In Ming Dynasty, Li Shanchang named Han Gong, Li Wenzhong named Cao Guogong, Liu Ji named Chengbo, and Wang Yangming named Xinbo. In the Qing Dynasty, Zeng Guofan sealed the first class Yi, left the second class Hou, and Li Hongzhang sealed the first class Su Yibo.
Central specific official position:
Ling Yin (Prime Minister)
Lingyin was the highest official title of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He is the highest official in charge of political affairs and giving orders. He is in charge of a country's national hand, has a superior position, leads the people, presides over state affairs at home, wars abroad, and monopolizes military and political power. Lingyin is mainly held by the sages of Chu nobles, mostly named Mi (Xiong, Ruoao,? There are few clans such as Shi, Qu, Zhao, Jing and Peng, and a few clans with physical surnames are Ling Yin (Wuqi, Huang Xie and Li Yuan). What does this mean? )
Ancient official title
See "Lingyin". During the Warring States Period, Chu Lingyin's assistants were Zuo Yin and You Yin, such as "Chu Zuo Yin Xiang Bo" in The Hongmen Banquet, and Zuo Yin's position was slightly higher than that of You Yin. It is also the general name of ancient officials, such as Jing, Henan Yin, and County Yin.
Left picture
The official name of Chu in the Warring States period is equivalent to the name of later generations. The main duty is to advise the emperor and recommend talents. Biography of Qu Yuan: "Qu Yuan's name is Ping, and Chu's surname is also. Chu Huaiwang's left disciple. "
Shang doctor
The official name of the pre-Qin dynasty was lower than that of Shang Qing. Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru: "Respect each other like a doctor." At that time, Lin Xiangru was lower than Lian Po.
doctor
Different dynasties refer to different contents, and sometimes they can refer to important positions in central organs, such as ancient historians and admonishers. Biography of Qu Yuan: "Shangguan doctors are in the same column, competing for favor and hurting energy." Doctor Shangguan: Chu Ji. Historical Records Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng: "Doctor Shangguan is in the same column with him, vying for favor." Jiang Liangfu's comment on Qu Yuan's Fu: "Chu officials and doctors are also doctors." "I am not a doctor?" Qu Yuan is the chief executive in charge of the affairs of Zhao, Qu and Jing. Preface to "The Guide to the South": "Gentry, doctor and scholar were collected from Zuo Prime Minister's House." It refers to advising doctors, advising doctors and so on. During the Warring States period, official ranks can be divided into Shang Qing and Ya Qing. Among the doctors, there are long doctors, Shanghai doctors and Chinese doctors. For example, Guo Wei and Wu Qi were punctual in Xihe, and they were rewarded with military merits, and they were once rewarded with doctors. Later, he became a doctor of Wei. What does this mean? )
Scholar-bureaucrat (in feudal China)
In the old days, it mostly referred to officials or intellectuals with prestige and status. "Teacher's Theory": "The home of a scholar is called his teacher's disciple, who laughs when they get together." "Shi Zhongshan Ji": "The scholar-officials refused to spend the night under the cliff, so they didn't know." "Practicing festivals to show health": "At that time, scholars and officials were all natural." "Tomb Inscription of Five People": "County wise men please be present."
Court historian
During the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty, he was a court minister, occupying a high position, in charge of drafting documents, planning princes and ministers, recording historical events, and also in charge of classics, calendars, sacrifices and other things. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Taishi Order was set up, and the scope of responsibilities gradually narrowed and the status gradually decreased. Sima Qian gave a formal order. "Zhang Hengchuan": "At the beginning of Shun Di, turn around again and return to Taishiling." "Five-person Tomb Monument": "The wise men are Wu Gong, Wen Qi Wengong, and Meng Changyao Yegong." Wen Qi was compiled by the Hanlin Academy and is a historian, so it is called Taishi. What does this mean? )
Changshi
During the Qin dynasty, he was an official of the prime minister. For example, Reese is a long history, equivalent to the secretary-general of the prime minister. After the Han dynasty, he became a general's officer and an aide. "Teacher": "I know that I am a minister of chastity and good death." "Long history" refers to Zhang. "Battle of Red Cliffs": "Zi Yu, Ming Xiong Jin Ye, avoided the chaos in Jiangdong, which is a long history of Sun Quan."
Vice chairman of one of the six boards.
At first, I was a court attendant. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, he became an official of Shangshu. In the Tang Dynasty, the assistant minister was the deputy assistant minister of three provinces (Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu) (see Six Departments of Three Provinces for details). Han Yu has served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Punishment, the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Official Affairs. "Model" includes "Shi Zhong, assistant minister Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc." Dong Yun is an assistant minister. Tan Sitong: "On the first day of August, Yuan Shikai was called to the audience to admire the assistant minister." Yuan Shikai is an assistant minister of the Ministry of War. What does this mean? )
Shi Zhong (Ran Yan)
During the Qin and Han dynasties, Shi Zhong was a temporary position directly appointed by the emperor among the palace officials under the Shaofu yamen. In the Western Han Dynasty, he was also one of the officials outside the official position, and the names of civil and military ministers and assistants could be banned. With the decline of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, his status became higher and higher, and his rank surpassed that of assistant minister. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, Shi Zhong often became the de facto prime minister. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the post station was extended to the Yuan Dynasty. Waste after yuan. What does this mean? )
Doctor of Chinese herbal medicine
Langzhong is a senior official in charge of various departments, ranking second only to assistant minister and prime minister Shangshu. LangZhongBen is the official name, that is, the general name of the royal attendants. Its duties were originally to escort, accompany, advise, prepare consultants and send them at any time. It began in the Warring States and was ruled by Qin and Han Dynasties. Later generations served as assistant ministers, doctors, foreign ministers and other important positions in various ministries. The name of doctor as a doctor began in the Song Dynasty. Honoring as a doctor is a southern dialect, which is caused by the proliferation of official titles after the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. What does this mean? )
Prime Minister (ancient China)
He was the highest official position in the feudal bureaucratic system, and he was the person who managed state affairs according to the will of the monarch. Sometimes called, often called the Prime Minister, or "Xiang" for short. For example, "Chen She Family": "You will be better off", "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "While mediocrity is still shameful, the situation will be the same!" Shuxiang: "Where is the Prime Minister Temple, deep in the pine forest near Silk City." Preface to "Guide to the Southern Tour": "Except the right prime minister and the envoys of the Tang Dynasty, all the other military forces are in my charge." Official name. The thigh of the ancient emperor of China. Canon led hundreds of officials, assisted the emperor in managing state affairs and knew everything. The prime minister system originated in the Warring States period. Beginning with the King of Wu in the Qin Dynasty, there were left and right prime ministers, but sometimes there were prime ministers. Wei Ran, Lv Buwei and others all occupied this position. After the reunification of Qin, there were only left and right prime ministers. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Xiao He became prime minister and later moved to Guo Xiang. After his death, Cao Can succeeded to his throne. Huidi and Lv Hou set up left and right prime ministers in the early years of Wendi, and only one prime minister was set up in the future. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, various kingdoms proposed the central government and set up prime ministers in their feudal countries. In the fifth year of Emperor Jingdi (formerly 145), it was renamed Xiang.
1380, 17 February, that is, on the 11th of the 13th year of Ming Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang took the opportunity of eliminating the prime minister Hu, abolished the system of Zhongshu Province and Prime Minister, and assigned the power of Zhongshu Province and Prime Minister to six departments.
surname
Refers to two official positions. First, in ancient times, a surname, a teacher and a Taibao were called "three publics". Later, most of them added titles to big officials, indicating that they were favored because they had no real jobs. For example, Zhao Pu and Wen Yanbo in the Song Dynasty were once given titles on a surname. Secondly, in ancient times, it was also called Prince Taishi, Prince Taifu and Prince Taibao as the "Three Divisions of the East Palace", all of whom were the teachers of the Prince. Taishi is the abbreviation of Taishi Prince, and later it gradually became a virtual title. For example, in Plum Blossom Ridge, Yan Zhenqing was once given the title of Prince, so he called it. Another example is that in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang had eight empty titles, and finally a surname was added. In the Qing Dynasty, Hong Chengchou was also named the Prince Taishi, but he didn't actually give lectures to the Prince.
Taifu
See "Taishi". One of the ancient "three fairs". It also refers to one of the "three divisions of the East Palace". For example, Jia Yi used to be the teacher of Prince Changsha and Liang, so he was named a teacher. Later, it gradually became a false name, such as Xie An, Zeng Guofan, Zuo, Li Hongzhang, etc., all of which were posthumously awarded to a teacher.
Shao Bao
It refers to two kinds of official positions. First, Shao Shi, Shaofu and Shaobao were called "three orphans" in ancient times, and then they gradually became empty names. For example, in The Plum Blossom Ridge, "Wen Shao Bao also learns great light", and Wen Tianxiang once held the post of Shao Bao, so he called it. Secondly, in ancient times, Prince Shao Shi, Prince Shaofu, and Prince Shaobao were called "East Palace and Three Little" and gradually became a hollow name.
minister
It turned out that an official was in charge of the paper memorial. There were six departments in the Sui Dynasty, and six departments in the Tang Dynasty were designated as officials, households, rituals, soldiers, punishments and workers. A history minister (third grade) and two assistant ministers (fourth grade) are the directors and deputy directors of each department. For example, "Zhang Hengchuan": "Write a letter begging for bones and worship the ministers." Another example is the great calligrapher Yan Zhenqing, the poet Bai Juyi, the minister of punishments, and the minister of war Shi Kefa.
bachelor
Wei and Jin Dynasties were official positions in charge of etiquette and compilation. After the Tang Dynasty, he referred to Hanlin as a bachelor, became the emperor's secretary and adviser, and participated in confidential affairs, so he was called "the inner phase". During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, although he was also a bachelor of Hanlin, he was responsible for reading, giving lectures, editing and editing Jishi Shu, but his status and responsibilities were different from those in the Tang and Song Dynasties. For example, "Preface to Senior Minister's Bachelor", which is an official position awarded by Wen Tianxiang after his resignation; " Tan Sitong "You recommend Jing to be a bachelor, Xu Gong", Xu Zhijing was a bachelor in imperial academy at that time, and imperial academy was an official position dedicated to giving lectures to the emperor. Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Sima Guang, Shen Kuo and Song Lian. They are all academicians of Hanlin.
supernatant
In the official system of the Zhou Dynasty, both the emperor and the vassal had ministers, which were divided into upper, middle and lower levels, and the most distinguished one was called "Shangqing". For example, Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru: "Lian Po is General Zhao ... and worships Shangqing."
Assistant Administrator of China
Also known as "participation in politics". He was one of the highest officials in the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, and he was also called "Zaizhi" on the same screen as the envoy and deputy envoy. Initially, this was a temporary task. In November of the 13th year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (639), Liu Yue was appointed assistant minister of Huangmen and took part in politics. Only when he took part in politics did he officially become the official name of the Prime Minister. Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu and Wang Anshi all held this position in the Song Dynasty. The word "Lu Gong" in "Diligence and Fitness" refers to Lu Zongdao in Song Zhenzong. "Tan Sitong" "Those who participated in the New Deal were better than those who participated in politics in Tang and Song Dynasties, and they were actually prime ministers". In the Song Dynasty, it was located under the door of Zhongshu (commonly known as the government affairs office), and then government affairs became a permanent official position. As a deputy prime minister, his fundamental purpose is to weaken relative power and increase imperial power. What does this mean? )
stone
The head of the Privy Council. In the Tang Dynasty, it was held by eunuchs and later by ministers. The Privy Council is one of the highest state organs in charge of important military affairs, and the power of envoys in the Tang Dynasty is equivalent to that of prime ministers. Military ministers in the Qing Dynasty are usually called "Tang secretaries". In the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu served as an assistant to the Tang Dynasty. Preface to the "Guide to the Southern Tour": "Except for the right prime minister and the Tang envoys, all the other military forces are under my control." Wen Tianxiang is in charge of the military.
State Councilor
The Ministry of War was the administrative organization that assisted the emperor in the Qing Dynasty. There is no fixed number of incumbents, usually princes, university students, ministers, assistant ministers or Beijing Hall, and they are called military ministers. Military ministers range from three or four to six or seven, and are called "pivot ministers". In the late Qing Dynasty, only Zuo, Zhang Zhidong and Yuan Shikai served as military ministers for a short time. "Tan Sitong", "The Minister of Military Aircraft is resolute and effective, and he is well supervised".
Zhang Jing military aircraft
Zhang Jing, a military aircraft, is commonly known as "small military aircraft" and was also called "division" in the early days. At first, Zhang Jing didn't have a fixed number. He chose the tone among cabinet secretaries and other officials. In the early years of Qianlong, it was transferred from the cabinet, ministries and government offices.
From the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Zhang Jing, a military aircraft, was divided into two classes, Manchu and Han, each with 8 people and 32 people. Each class has 1 foreman and 65438 assistant foreman Zhang Jing, and the minister of military affairs will choose someone who is highly valued in Zhang Jing.
The selection and appointment of Zhang Jing, a military aircraft, is based on Volume 7 of Shu Heng Ji Lue: "Zhang Jing, a military aircraft in the Han Dynasty, was composed of cabinet ministers, six doctors, foreign ministers, directors and seven small Beijing officials, and was also served by scholars and juren; A military aircraft of the Manchu dynasty, with a cabinet letter, six, a doctor Yuan, a foreign minister, a headmaster, a muddled account. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (A.D. 1906), 20 vacancies were identified in Han Dynasty.
Tong Qing
Taipusi Qing's nickname is in charge of the emperor's chariots, horses and livestock. In the epitaphs of the five tombs, Mok Ng said, "Even a wise man is careful, he will gain something, and celebrate together as Wu Gong" and "for it".
Supervisory body:
surname
These are historians, such as biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, books before the Qin Dynasty, and books like Gu Zhao and Zhao Empire. After the Qin dynasty, he was appointed as an imperial adviser, ranking second only to the prime minister, in charge of impeachment and picketing the faults of officials. Han Yu served as the censor, and Hai Rui served as the censor of Nanjing, the right capital of the Ming Dynasty. Another example is "Zhong Wang Su Gong Ao Incident", "Many people are the imperial capital and eunuchs guard Liaoning", and Wang Ao was the chief executive of Douchayuan at that time.
captain
In the Han dynasty, the official position was second only to the general, and a captain was sent to supervise and report the illegal acts of Beijing officials and the royal family. Such as "Battle of Red Cliffs": "Take Lu Su as a captain of Zanjun." Lu Su is an assistant general who assists coach Zhou Yu in planning military affairs. After the Tang Dynasty, its status gradually declined.
The governor of a province or region.
At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wen neglected his duty by remonstrating, and ordered the Prime Minister to send other personnel to stab him to death all over the country, which was not common. In the fifth year of Yuan Feng in Han Dynasty (BC 106), it was set up as "thorn", which means inquiry. The secretariat toured counties and counties, and was divided into thirteen departments (states) in China. Each department had a secretariat, which was later called the secretariat. In the middle and late Western Han Dynasty, the secretariat system was further developed, which played a positive role in maintaining imperial power, clarifying official management and promoting the formation of Zhao Xuan's resurgence. During the reign of Wang Mang, the secretariat was renamed as Zhou Mu, and its authority was further expanded, from supervisor to local military chief.
It was founded in the fifth year of Han Yuanfeng (BC 106). "Sting" means checking and asking questions. Every county in the Qin dynasty had an imperial history, which was appointed as a supervisor, and it was called the imperial history of the supervisory institute (supervisory imperial history). In the early Han dynasty, the provinces were rotated and reset. Emperor Wen neglected his duty by remonstrating, and ordered the Prime Minister to send other personnel to stab him to death all over the country, which is not common. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty in Liang Wudi, abandoned counties ruled the empire. Then, China was divided into thirteen departments (states), and each department had a secretariat, which was later called the secretariat. What does this mean? )
Local official position:
Military Commissioner
In our time, China was an ancient military general and later became a local official. In the Tang Dynasty, the military commanders stationed in all walks of life were called governors, and those in charge of festivals were called our envoys. Under normal circumstances, the guards who often hold festivals, such as ambassadors, soliciting ambassadors and appeasement ambassadors, are called our envoys. What does this mean? )
Economic envoy
Also known as "economy". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, he was the military chief of the frontier defense, juxtaposed with the viceroy. For example, Fan Zhongyan used to be the deputy economic envoy of Shaanxi. When there were important military tasks in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they specialized in running, and their official positions were higher than those of the governor. For example, in Meihualing, "Running to Hong Chengchou has something to do with the past". After the Qing Dynasty, Hong Chengchou ran to seven provinces and was stationed in Jiangning.
senior officer
See the article "Historical Secretariat". Also known as the "county chief", he is the chief executive of a county. Ye Fan was the magistrate of Xuancheng. "Peach Blossom Garden": "And the county, Yi Taishou, so to speak." Peacock flies southeast: "Let's just say that the Taishou family has this order." Battle of Red Cliffs: "I have an old relationship with Wu Ju, the satrap of Cangwu, and I want to vote for it."
Military commander
The viceroy is the official title of the ancient military commander in China in the history of China. At first, he was an inspector in the army, just like the prison army. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, he became a military attache in charge of the army. The detachment in Turkic and Mongolian comes from the viceroy. What does this mean? )
Inspector (Ming Dynasty)
The early Ming Dynasty refers to the places visited by Beijing officials. In the Qing dynasty, he officially became a provincial governor, with a position slightly lower than that of the governor. Posthumous title's "Fuyuan", "Futai" and "Fujun". For example, "The Monument to the Tomb of Five People": "It is Wei's private interest to take those who are loyal to Wu in Dazhong." It's the governor of Wu.
employ oneself in/engage in
Family members personally appointed by the central or local governors are also called "practitioners". Battle of Red Cliffs: "Jing's prestige is still worthy of Cao's appointment."
Prefect (formerly)
Magistrates are "satrap", also known as "well-known", which was the name of local officials in ancient China. State and county administrators. According to the official records of ancient official history (official records of 100 officials), there were similar contingency measures in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, local officials at the prefecture level were formally established, and in the Ming Dynasty, there were finally local officials in the name of "magistrate". Because of its long history, scholars usually call the sheriff the chief executive.
The county magistrate is responsible for the government's decrees and always leads the counties. His duties are to announce state decrees, govern the people, adjudicate lawsuits, inspect traitors, evaluate officials and collect taxes.
"Climbing Mount Tai": "It's Yue He, the magistrate, Ziying, who climbed from the south foot."
Pass judgment
Under the state governor, he is in charge of grain transportation, farmland, water conservancy and litigation, and has the responsibility of supervision to the state governor.
head of a county
The chief executive of a county is also called "the magistrate of a county". Peacock flies southeast: "After returning to China for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent the media."
Li Zheng
Ancient town officials were a mile long. For example, "Promoting Weaving": "Make the responsibility right."
Richu
Tolerance of managing village affairs. Push Weaving: "Xu Li is cunning, and he uses this theme to seek status."
Military attache:
The highest government official in charge of military affairs (in feudal China)
Names of official posts before Yuan Dynasty. He was the highest military attache who assisted the emperor and was called Fu in the Han Dynasty. The highest military attache in Song Dynasty. Lin Jiaotou's Snow Mountain Temple: "I was framed by a lawsuit because I hated Gao Taiwei." Gao Taiwei refers to Gao Qiu.
surname
Different dynasties refer to different official positions. During the Warring States period, he was an adjutant in charge of military administration and military taxes, such as "Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong Sajima, Cao Yue." During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, he was the prefect (secretariat) official of the state and county, such as Pipaxing: "Yuan and ten years, moved to Sima, Jiujiang County." Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiujiang at that time, under the long history of counties.
senior general
Pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasties are the highest titles of generals. For example, Emperor Gaozu took Han Xin as the general, and Emperor Wudi took Wei Qing as the general. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it gradually became a virtual title without a real position. The position of general was established during the Ming and Qing wars and abolished after the war. "Zhang Hengchuan" said that "General Deng Zhi is wise", and Deng Zhi was the general of Han and Emperor at that time.
join the army
The abbreviation of "Staff Military Affairs" was originally the military staff of the Prime Minister, such as Jiang Wan's joining the army mentioned in the Demonstration. After the Jin Dynasty, his status gradually declined and he became the staff of kings and generals. For example, Tao Yuanming once joined the army in towns and counties, and Ye Fan, the author of the Book of Later Han Dynasty, once served in the army of Liu Yu's fourth son Liu Yikang. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, Du Fu gradually became a local official. For example, Du Fu led Cao Yu to join the army, Zhou Hua Sigong Cao joined the army, and Bai Juyi served as Cao Yu and Jingzhao.
surname
A military attache ranking second only to a general. Chen She Family: "Chen She is a general and Guangwu is a captain." "Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong has gone out, and Wang Xiang asked Chen Ping to call him."
Fu jun
See the article "Governor". "Promotion of Weaving": "It is a reward, dedicated to the army." Fujun was so happy that he went in with the golden cage. Also known as "Chen Fu", such as "Chen Fu's famous horse clothes and satin".
Chief military instructor
Lin Chong, a martial arts officer in the Song Dynasty, was the head coach of the 800,000 imperial army in Beijing.
Raise jurisdiction
The official name of the state and county military attache in the Song Dynasty was responsible for training the army and supervising and catching thieves. For example, Lu Tiha governs Lu Shenzhi in Water Margin.
Three provinces and six halls:
The three provinces are Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the three provinces were the highest government agencies. Generally speaking, the book is responsible for decision-making, the provincial government is responsible for deliberation, and the minister is responsible for implementation. The leaders of these three provinces are all prime ministers. The governor of Zhongshu Province is called Zhongshu Order, and there are positions such as Zhongshu Assistant Minister and Zhongshu Sheren. The commander-in-chief under the door is Shi Zhong, and there are assistant ministers and Zhong Qing under the door. The governor of Shangshu Province is an official of Shangshu, with officials such as left and right servants. There are six departments in Shangshu Province: the official department (in charge of the appointment, removal and assessment of officials, equivalent to the current personnel department) and the household department (in charge of land registration, taxation, finance and so on. ), does (in charge of ceremonies, imperial examinations, schools, etc. ), Ministry of War (in charge of military affairs, equivalent to the current Ministry of National Defense), Ministry of Criminal Affairs (in charge of judicial prisons, equivalent to the current Ministry of Justice) and Ministry of Industry (in charge of engineering construction, etc. Ministers are called ministers, assistant ministers with deputy titles, and doctors, foreign ministers, principals and other officials. The six-part system was implemented from Sui and Tang Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty.
Job profile
Emperor Yao period
Officials in charge of water conservancy construction are commonplace.
Hou Ji, the official in charge of agriculture.
Engineer-an official in charge of making utensils
Danger-the official in charge of Yamazawa
Dianle-an official in charge of education and music
Qin dynasty
Langzhongling-in charge of the palace gate
Supervisory officer-the official is responsible for the grain in the official warehouse.
Ancient literati-judicial officials who made laws and decrees about detention.
Han and Wei dynasties
Taishiling-an official in charge of literature, history and astronomy
Da Nong Cheng-an official in charge of salt and iron affairs
The corps commander-an official in charge of the emperor's attendants
Typical country-an official in charge of the affairs of various ministries of ethnic minorities.
Da Changqiu, the assistant of the queen, is an official in charge of palace affairs, who is used to announce the queen's will.
The Long History of Wuqi-the Emperor's Attendant
A surname-that is, the name of county commandant and military attache, holds the military affairs of a county, with a rank slightly lower than that of prefect, with a rank of 2,000 stone.
Riding a lang general-a general in charge of cavalry, with a rank higher than Qianshi.
A captain in Xiao Qi-the general of the Guards.
Weiyang Weiwei —— Guard Chief of Weiyang Palace
Changle Weiwei —— Chief of the Changle Palace Guard
Front, back, left and right generals-second only to Shangqing.
Mighty General —— One of the General with Different Names in Han Dynasty
An ancient general title-ranking only below the general.
Has a long history-Secretary to the Secretary-General
Zhang Jianjian —— Director of Zhang Jiangong's Imperial Guard.
Riding a junior officer of Yulin Military Academy, ranking 2000 stone.
Shizhong lang-an official who served the emperor. It was made in the Han Dynasty, and Shizhong lang was a special title in the original official position.
National phase-equivalent to satrap
Often serve-the emperor's attendants are close ministers. After Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, eunuchs were used as servants.
A captain of the Canon Army, a military attache, is the general commander of the Imperial Guard. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu's Zhong Ping, namely 188, there were eight viceroy of Xiyuan, and the viceroy of Canon Army was one of them.
Cheng in the Imperial History —— The Official in Charge of the Palace Library in Han Dynasty
The history of Lantai-proofreading library books, managing illegal playing and other documents and files.
Taishou-specializes in a county and holds the power of life and death.
the Tang Dynasty
Observer-a local administrator or inspector in charge of one or more states.
The captain of the planning army-the highest general of the planning army of the Central Guard
Assistant minister of rites-the officer in charge of tribute and etiquette
Beijing-Chief Executive of Chang 'an District
Defense envoy-a local governor in charge of military affairs in one state or several States.
Recruit grass thieves-military officials specially set up to suppress peasant uprisings or crusade against rebellion
Army judge-a deputy under the command of the army.
The command post has a camp-the commander-in-chief of the suppression and crusade conscription system.
Examiner-an official in charge of picketing
General Youwei-one of the officers of the Central Guard.
General Zuo-the military leader of the Central Guard.
Senior-the official who arranges ancient books in the library of Prince Edward East Palace School.
Leading the government-the chief bodyguard of the Prince's East Palace
General Jin Wu-one of the officers of the Central Guard.
Shangshu left and right servants shot-the chief executive in charge of administrative affairs.
Historical Secretariat-the Chief Executive of the country
The military head of a government. There are 2,000, 1,800 troops.
Captain-a military officer of a regiment. There are 300 soldiers
Captain.-officer of the first team. Fifty soldiers
Driving school inspector-the safety officer responsible for the safety of the emperor after driving.
Transshipment and Lease of Salt and Iron Envoys —— Setting up Shipyards to Guarantee Waterway (Tang Dynasty, the same below)
Guang Luqing-the General in Charge of Food Affairs
Will be a master-the chief executive in charge of housing construction affairs.
Ministry of War Shangshu-Chief Military Officer in charge of the whole country
Minister of Agriculture-the highest official in charge of agricultural affairs.
The first mate in charge of receiving guests.
Official in charge of forest greening-Dr. Yubu
Shangshu of the Ministry of Finance-the highest administrative official in charge of finance
Shangshu of the official department-the highest administrative official in charge of personnel.
Shang Ji Feng Yu —— the official in charge of the royal vehicles.
The corps commander-Zheng Sipin
Lang Jiang-from the five products, local officers and soldiers generals
Zijiang-fifth grade
Secretariat orders-that is, internal historical orders-are the highest assistant officials.
Appendix to rights-consulting and advising officials
Zong Zhengqing-an official in charge of royal affairs
Right vacancy-advisory and advisory officer
Forward commando-outpost patrol officer
Zuo San Riding a Regular Attendant —— One of the Councillors