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1, supplement the oxygen in the air. Greening plants absorb carbon dioxide in the air and release oxygen in photosynthesis. Plants on the earth treat nearly 1000 billion tons of carbon dioxide for human beings every year. 60% of the oxygen in the air comes from forests and green spaces.
2. Absorb harmful gases in the atmosphere. Many plants have a strong ability to absorb and filter harmful gases in the atmosphere. For example, greening can effectively reduce nitrogen oxides in automobile exhaust, thus reducing the amount of ozone in the atmosphere and preventing the formation of photochemical smog. In addition, the leaves of some trees can absorb lead, cadmium and arsenic in the atmosphere.
3, dustproof. Some plants have leaves and stems covered with fluff, while others can secrete mucus or oil. Therefore, it can intercept, filter, adsorb or attach various suspended particles in the atmosphere. Grassland also has the function of dust prevention. Grass itself can not only fix the soil on the surface of the land, but also prevent the phenomenon of secondary dust. Grassland is a rough surface, so it can also make the particles in the near-surface airflow stagnate on the grassland.
4, windproof. Greening is one of the effective measures to prevent wind, especially in dense forests. Because trunks, branches and leaves can block the airflow, the airflow will slow down after passing through the forest. Its weakening degree is related to the height and number of trees, the types of trees and the width of forests.
5. Noise reduction. Sound travels at a speed of 300 meters per second in an open area. When encountering obstacles from plants, it immediately changes from linear transmission to dispersed transmission, and the intensity becomes weak. So trees and plants can act as sound barriers and silencers. Planting more trees and shrubs on both sides of roads and around houses can effectively prevent noise pollution.
6. Sterilization. Many plants can not only secrete bacteria trapped in the air by mucus, but also release phytoncide with bactericidal effect, so planting more trees and flowers can reduce some airborne diseases.
7. Improve local microclimate. Plants can improve microclimate by blocking solar radiation and adjusting air temperature and temperature. The solar radiation temperature in the green area is about 14% lower than that in the non-green area, thus reducing the degree of heat and severe sun exposure. Greening has the regulation function of being warm in winter and cool in summer.
8. Purify water quality. Trees can absorb dissolved substances in water. After colored, foul-smelling, turbid and bacterial sewage flows through the forest, the chromaticity of the water decreases, the odor weakens or disappears, the transparency increases and the bacterial content decreases obviously. Therefore, the environmental pollution caused by sewage is greatly reduced.
9. Keep the ground dry. In swampy areas and areas with high groundwater level, the ground is usually very wet. The wet environment on the ground is not good for health. Trees have a strong ability to absorb groundwater and hidden water, so afforestation has become an effective measure to keep the ground dry.