Zhongshan City is located in the south-central part of the Pearl River Delta, on the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary. It faces Shenzhen and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region across Lingdingyang in the east, Zhuhai through hilly platform in the south, Jiangmen through Modaomen Waterway in the west, and Foshan and Guangzhou through alluvial plain of vertical and horizontal river networks in the north.
The geographical coordinates of Zhongshan City are 1 13 09' to 1 13 45' east longitude, 221'north latitude to 22 46' north latitude, 45.3km east-west width and 64.3 north-south length.
Extended data
History:
In the Neolithic Age 5000 years ago, Zhongshan was just an island in the Lingdingyang of the Pearl River Estuary. At this time, Guyue people were fishing and living here. In recent ten years, many Neolithic sites of ancient human life have been discovered in Zhongshan City, including Longxue painted pottery site in Nanlang Town, Baishuijing site in Shi Qi District and Lu Quan site in Dayong Town. A number of painted pottery, ground stone tools, sand pottery and other cultural relics have also been unearthed. Among them, the Longxue site in Nanlang Town is still a dune site from the Neolithic Age to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and bronze wares and cast bronze stone models are also found in the later remains.
In 2 16 BC, after Qin Shihuang pacified Baiyue in Lingnan area, Zhongshan was under the jurisdiction of Panyu County, Nanhai County. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo established Nanyue State, and Zhongshan was the territory of Nanyue State. 1 1 1 years ago, Nanyue was destroyed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Zhongshan was under the central jurisdiction of the Han Dynasty. During the Qin and Han dynasties, in addition to the South Vietnamese who originally lived here, a small number of Zhongyuan people began to move here.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhongshan belonged to the territory of Wu.
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, a court power struggle broke out between the royal families of the Jin Dynasty, which was called "the rebellion of eight kings" in history. In order to escape the war, a large number of Central Plains people moved to Lingnan, and some of them came to Xiangshan Island. In the sixth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (33 1), Nanhai County was transferred to Dongguan County, and Zhongshan was changed to Dongguan County. In the first year of Liu Yong's early reign in the Northern and Southern Dynasties (402), Dongguan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Zhongshan was under the jurisdiction of Dongguan County. In the tenth year of Sui Dynasty (509), Zhongshan was under the jurisdiction of Baoan County.
In the second year of Tang Zhide (757), Baoan County was renamed Dongguan County, and Zhongshan was under the jurisdiction of Dongguan County. Because Zhongshan is rich in sea salt, the government began to set up a military camp town in Shanchang Village, Zhuhai City, named Xiangshan Town. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1082), Xiangshanzhai was established and still belonged to Dongguan County. In the twenty-second year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 152), only Xiangshan County, guangzhou fu and Zhongshan had county-level administrative divisions due to the development of Xiangshanzhai. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, under the pursuit of the Yuan Army, Song Duanzong fled to Xiangshan to escape. After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, a large number of descendants and officials of the Southern Song royal family lived in Xiangshan.
In the Ming Dynasty, the northern part of Xiangshan began to deposit into land, and then it was connected with the mainland. In the Qing Dynasty, the Pearl River Delta began to gradually build flood-proof and moisture-proof embankments, and more and more land was reclaimed in Xiangshan County, and the agricultural output was also increasing. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, due to the development of agriculture, Xiangshan changed from an inferior county to a big county alongside Nanhai, Panyu and Dongguan.
Macao originally belonged to Xiangshan County. In the thirty-second year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1553), the Portuguese took the opportunity to settle in Macao Peninsula.
During the First Opium War, Xiangshan, located on the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary, was one of the battlefields. 1839, Lin zexu came to Guangdong to ban smoking. /kloc-August 0/6, stationed in Xiangshan county, ordered the Australian and Portuguese authorities to expel British businessmen, lawyers and others. 1840, after the outbreak of the first opium war, British warships sailed for Macao, closed the city gates and landed forcibly. The Qing army made a reluctant resistance in Xiangshan. After the First Opium War, in the 25th year of Daoguang (1845), the Queen of Portugal declared Macao a "free port". 1849, the Portuguese expelled Xiangshan County, Wang Xia Village, and occupied Macau.
After the Opium War, the Qing Dynasty opened to the outside world. During the 70-odd years from 1830 to 1900, Zhongshan people accounted for 90% of the comprador of four British foreign firms, including Tang, Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Han and Jiu.
In the Revolution of 1911, Xiangshan was the third recovered county in Guangdong. 191110 After the Wuchang Uprising in June, the Hong Kong General Office of the League decided to launch the first uprising in Guangdong in Xiangshan. After the uprising, Lin, Zheng Bi 'an, Lin Jinghun and others led troops to attack Xiangshan County, and recovered Xiangshan on June 1 1.6. After the founding of the Republic of China, guangzhou fu was abolished and Xiangshan County became a province directly under the Central Government.
In March of the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), Sun Yat-sen passed away. In April of the same year, in order to commemorate Sun Yat-sen, the Grand Marshal's Office of Lu Haijun, then located in Guangzhou, decided to rename Xiangshan County, Sun Yat-sen's hometown, to Zhongshan County. 1929 In February, the 9th the State Council of the National Government decided to be a demonstration county directly under the national government. 1In June 1930, the county government moved to Tangjiahuan zhongshan port (also known as Tangjiawan, now Tangjiawan Town, Zhuhai), and1moved back to Shekki in June 1934. 1937 authorized by the national government in February, it was still placed under the Guangdong provincial government.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, in July 1937, the Japanese army occupied some coastal islands in Zhongshan County. 1On March 5, 940, the Japanese Fujii Corps invaded Zhongshan with 1000 troops, and on March 5, 15, most of the county town fell. 1942 in April, China * * * production party set up anti-Japanese guerrillas in Wuguishan. This team, together with some remnants of the Kuomintang in China, launched guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines. 1945 65438+ 10 15 The Pearl River Column of the South China People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla was established in Gushi Ancestral Temple in Wuguishan. 1August 1945 15, Japan announced its unconditional surrender and Zhongshan recovered.
1October1945+065438+1October 1948 During the second national civil war, the national army launched four attacks on armed groups in Wugui Mountain and Fenghuang Mountain. 1949, 10 year 10 on October 30th, China People's Liberation Army captured Shi Qi, Zhongshan County, and the national army was defeated. Since then, China * * * production party and its founding hero * * and China government began to be in power in Zhongshan County.
After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) and People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhongshan County was subordinate to the Pearl River Special Zone, Guangdong Central Administrative Region, Foshan Special Zone, Foshan Region and Foshan City respectively. 1952 and 1965 set aside Yumin county (later Zhuhai county) and Doumen county from Zhongshan county respectively, and then set aside some places for Panyu county, Shunde county and Xinhui county, and the area of Zhongshan decreased by 43%. 1953 Shi Qi Town was changed to Shi Qi, 1959 Shi Qi was merged into Zhongshan County.
Since 1979, Zhongshan has implemented the policy of reform and opening up, mainly in the form of "three subsidies" and joint ventures with foreign investors. 1980 Zhongshan Hot Spring Hotel is the first hotel in Guangdong to introduce foreign capital. After several years of development, the economy has made great progress. 1983 approved by the State Council, China, Zhongshan was removed from the county to set up a city, which was managed by Foshan. 1988 1 upgraded to a prefecture-level city.
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhongshan