2. The morphological characteristics of the tree are introduced in detail: the plant height can reach 15 meters, the trunk is straight, the branches naturally layer and rotate around the trunk, and the layers develop horizontally around in a clear and orderly manner. Soft branches, loquat-shaped lobules and short villi, the bare and soft branches after defoliation in winter are beautiful, showing a unique style; New green leaves germinate in spring and flow with the wind, with a sad and elegant posture. Although the tree is tall, its branches are very soft. After the root system grows stably, it has strong resistance to strong wind and salt, so it is an excellent coastal tree species. Flowering period: its flowers are small and inconspicuous, showing spikes.
The branches extend horizontally. Branches surround the trunk, forming an extraordinary ring.
Elaeagnus microphylla
Bark bark is grayish brown. It was quite smooth at first, but then it gradually thickened with the growth of tree age and longitudinal cracks appeared. At this time, the bark is easy to peel off.
Leaves are closely alternate, simple, wide oval, clustered at the end of branches, and the leaves can be as long as 25 cm. Wide blade tip, thick leaf and leathery. There are two small glands on each side of the midvein at the base of the back of the leaf. It will turn into a beautiful purple before the leaves fall.
Flowering from March to June, white spikes, lack of petals, male flowers on the top, female flowers on the bottom, bisexual flowers. Flowers are small, white or yellow-green. Spikes, clustered in leaf axils.
Fruit July-September. Broad oval drupe, yellowish brown, up to 5 cm long. Edible nut shaped like olive, almond-flavored oil. This kind of fruit contains fiber and can float on the water. Endocarp is hard and light, which can float on the sea surface and is spread by floating plants.
3. Related introduction of Elaeagnus microphylla Name: Elaeagnus microphylla Scientific name: Melaleuca tricolor Other names: Myrtaceae: Ranunculaceae genus: Elaeagnus microphylla Global distribution: 250 species; China: Eight species of introduction: Elaeagnus, Elaeagnus, about 250 species of Ranunculaceae, widely distributed in tropical areas, from southwest to Taiwan Province Province, among which terminalia chebula. As an exotic species, it is cultivated in a small amount in Guangzhou. Morphological characteristics: Deciduous trees and Elaeagnus parviflora are cultivated varieties of Elaeagnus parviflora, and the plant height can reach 10M.
Leaves clustered at the top of branches, oval and obovate, light green with milky white or yellow spots, and new leaves are pink. Arbor; Leaves alternate, often clustered at the top of branchlets; Flowers bisexual or unisexual, with bracteoles, forming scattered spikes or racemes; Calyx extends or narrows above ovary, bell-shaped, 5-lobed, rarely 4-lobed, lobes short triangular, deciduous; Petals missing; Stamens arranged in 10 or 8 or 2 rounds; Ovary inferior, 1 cell, 2-3 ovules, long style, unbranched; Drupe flat, with horns or 2-5 wings, 1 seed.
If the fruit is used as medicine or as an important tanning material, the seed kernel of Cycas is edible or pressed with oil. Taxus hainanensis is a specialty of Hainan Island, and its wood is very useful. Loquat belongs to Rosaceae, and can bear fruit normally in areas with annual average temperature above 65438 05℃ and annual rainfall of 800-2200mm.
Although loquat likes warmth, it has the strongest cold resistance among evergreen fruit trees in southern China. According to the investigation, loquat can grow normally in areas with annual average temperature above 12℃, and the economic cultivation effect is good in areas with annual average temperature above 15℃.
But due to historical reasons, the planting area of loquat is very small. It can grow and bear fruit normally in areas with PH value of 4.5-8.5.
Loquat is a light-loving and shade-tolerant tree species. Loquat has the characteristics of fast growth and early fruiting.
After the grafted seedlings are planted, they can try to blossom and bear fruit in the second year, with a maximum yield of 5 kg per plant; In the third year, the plant yield can reach 9 kg; After 5 years, it entered the high-yield period, with a yield of 50 kg per plant. At present, the annual output of loquat in the world is 854.38+ten thousand tons, which is only equivalent to 1/23 of apricot, 1109 of peach, 1/65438 of pear and1of apple.
Eriobotrya microphylla can be planted from September to April every year, but autumn and spring are the best. 222 plants per mu (row spacing 2m, plant spacing 1.5m) or 1 1 plant (row spacing 3m, plant spacing 2m) are planted in the close planting garden. This density is beneficial to greatly improve the early yield and land utilization rate.
Loquat, also known as "Lu Ju" and "Jin Wan", originated in China, and was named after its leaves are very similar to those of the first-class traditional instrument Pipa in China. The planting history of loquat in China can be traced back to at least 1800 years ago. By the Tang Dynasty (665,438+08-907), loquat had been listed as a tribute.
Later, it spread abroad, and many countries, such as Japanese, French, British, Indian, Australian and Mexican, introduced loquat trees from China. Loquat blooms in early winter, and each bunch of flowers consists of dozens of small flowers, as white as jade.
Due to the withering of hundreds of flowers in winter, loquat flowers bloom in the cold, which is deeply loved by literati in past dynasties. The fruit is spherical or oval, golden in color, orange in flesh, juicy, sweet and soft, and it is a treasure among fruits.
Besides being eaten raw, you can also make jam, fruit paste, fruit dew and fruit wine. Loquat also has the effect of moistening lung and resolving phlegm, and is a good medicine for treating tracheitis.
Tangqi in Yuhang County, Zhejiang Province, Dongting Mountain in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province and Baokeng in Putian, Fujian Province are the three major loquat producing areas in China, among which Tangqi loquat has the largest yield and the best variety.
4. The role of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. The almond-flavored nuts of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. can be eaten or used to extract oil. Bark and peel can be used as dyes, and wood can be used for building or making utensils. Adaptation area: Origin: Africa. China is distributed in Guangdong, Hongkong, Taiwan Province and Guangxi.
South subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area (main cities: Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shunde, Dongguan, Huizhou, Shantou, Taipei, Liuzhou, Guiping and Gejiu)
Tropical monsoon rain forest area (major cities: Haikou, Sanya, Qionghai, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Macau, Hong Kong, Nanning, Qinzhou Beihai, Maoming and Jinghong)
Ecological classification: woody plants >; Ornamental classification of deciduous trees: the height range of shade trees: 10-20 (m)
Growth habits: sunny, semi-cloudy, hot and humid climate, deep roots, wind resistance, pollution resistance and long life.
5. Can Phyllanthus microphylla bear fruit? Other names: French loquat English name: Madagascar almond Latin name: Terminalia mantaly family name: Phyllanthus microphylla, Elaeagnus africana, umbrella tree name: Phyllanthus microphylla is a deciduous tree, native to tropical Asia, such as Malaysia and the Philippines. Plum trees are tall and stout, and do not require high soil quality, but they are suitable for planting in well-drained and sunny places. In enough space, plum tree can grow into a balanced layered crown similar to kapok, which is an ideal foliage tree. Trees planted as roadside trees are not difficult to find in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kwun Tong and Tin Shui Wai.
6. When does the lobular tree lose its leaves? Leaflet trees shed their leaves in winter.
Elemene is a deciduous tree, native to tropical Asia, such as Malaysia and the Philippines. Plum trees are tall and stout, and do not require high soil quality, but they are suitable for planting in well-drained and sunny places. In enough space, plum tree can grow into a balanced layered crown similar to kapok, which is an ideal foliage tree. Trees planted as roadside trees are not difficult to find in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kwun Tong and Tin Shui Wai.
Morphological characteristics:
The plant height can reach 15 meters, the trunk is straight, the branches naturally layer and rotate around the trunk, and the layers develop horizontally around in a clear and orderly manner. The branches are soft, lobular loquat-shaped, with short villi, and the bare and delicate branches after defoliation in winter are beautiful, showing a unique style; New green leaves germinate in spring and flow with the wind, with a sad and elegant posture. Although the tree is tall, its branches are very soft. After the root system grows stably, it has strong resistance to strong wind and salt, so it is an excellent coastal tree species. Flowering period: its flowers are small and inconspicuous, showing spikes.