What is the rural financial system?

The rural financial system should refer to all financial systems, financial institutions, financial instruments and financial activities that serve the rural economy. It is marked by the unification of rural currency circulation and credit activities, and its remarkable development feature is mutual penetration, constantly extending to new fields such as securities, trust and insurance. Its healthy operation must also meet the normal financial needs of rural economic entities, promote the sustainable development of rural economy and the steady growth of farmers' income, and maintain the stable and orderly operation of the national economy.

1. Rural finance is rural monetary financing "(Gong Zechang,1984: P4-20; Zhang Lin,1984: p1-kloc-0/0), "It is a variety of economic activities related to rural currency circulation and credit activities" (Ding Wenxi et al., 1988: P47), "It is composed of money, credit, finance and rural economy. 1989: P 10), "it is the credit relationship in the movement of rural monetary funds" (Wang Shiying, 1992: P 1), "it is the activity of raising, distributing and managing rural monetary funds by credit means" and "refers to the financing of rural monetary funds".

2. "Thousand Villages Survey" is a large-scale social practice and social investigation research project that Shanghai University of Finance and Economics has been insisting on for eight years. The theme of 20 15 is "Coverage and Use of Rural Basic Financial Services". On August 27th, I learned from the project conference that the survey shows that the rural financial penetration rate in China is closely related to the level of economic development, and the financial inclusive work in underdeveloped areas needs to be strengthened urgently.

3. The basic situation of China's rural financial system is that rural credit cooperatives, postal savings, agricultural banks, rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks are all rural credit cooperatives. Only when the capital adequacy ratio is high, they are renamed as commercial banks or joint banks, and the leading institutions are provincial rural credit cooperatives. At present, the state stipulates that only rural credit cooperatives, postal savings and agricultural banks can operate banking business in rural areas. There is no village bank. Non-bank financial institutions should also include: small loan companies, guarantee companies, pawn shops, consignment banks and rural mutual funds organizations.