(1) decision subsystem
Decision-making subsystem, also known as central subsystem, is the core part of public decision-making system, which is composed of government heads and their leaders who have the highest decision-making power; In the position of the supreme leader and commander, and bear the main responsibility of public decision-making. The perfection of the decision-making center system should focus on two aspects: the correct understanding of the chief executive responsibility system and the improvement of the quality of decision-makers.
(2) Consulting subsystem
The consulting subsystem of public decision-making, also known as "think tank" and "think tank", refers to an auxiliary institution composed of multidisciplinary experts and scholars who specialize in extensively developing intelligence and assisting the central system in scientific decision-making. Modern public decision-making system must properly handle the relationship between "seeking" and "breaking"
(3) Information subsystem
The scientific degree of public policy depends to a great extent on the decision-making department's mastery of extensive external information and timely internal information. In China, the information system construction of government decision-making system started late, and the lack of powerful information system as decision support system has become a major obstacle to scientific decision-making. The construction of information system should strive to: ① establish and improve the information network organization; ② Keep the information timely and accurate; ③ Modernization of information means.
(4) Monitoring subsystem
Monitoring subsystem refers to the organization that supervises and controls the decision-making behavior, decision-making content and decision-making procedure of decision-makers outside the decision-making center. Monitoring subsystem is an important guarantee for scientific, democratic and legal public decision-making, and its development and full play of functions are conducive to the formulation and implementation of reasonable policies. The imperfection of supervision subsystem is another obvious defect of China's current public decision-making system. It is necessary to sensitively reflect the difference between the implementation result and the target, and provide information to the information system in time, so as to adjust the decision in time and improve the efficiency. In order to realize scientific and democratic government decision-making, the monitoring subsystem is required to be accurate, timely and fast.
(5) Executive subsystem
The ultimate value of government decision-making is reflected in the realization of decision-making objectives. In the process of policy implementation, the executive subsystem bears the responsibility of refining, supplementing and tracking decisions, and shares certain decision-making power to a certain extent, so the executive subsystem constitutes an indispensable part of the whole decision-making system. In order to realize scientific and democratic government decision-making, the administrative subsystem is required to be firm, scientific and efficient.