First, the role of college student volunteers in exhibition activities and existing problems
Exhibition refers to the gathering and exchange activities of many people around a specific theme in a specific time and space. In a narrow sense, exhibitions only refer to exhibitions and conferences; Exhibition in a broad sense is the general term for conferences, exhibitions and festivals. This paper mainly discusses the exhibition in a narrow sense. Among them, the exhibition is an organized, large-scale, regular business gathering held in a fixed place and attended by people from different places. The research objects of the conference are various industry conferences, association conferences and business conferences.
Exhibitions and conferences have gathered a large number of people to exchange information and products in a short time. Although the success of exhibitions and conferences depends on a lot of work during the preparatory period, exhibitions and conference venues are entities that realize the value of exhibitions. The concentration and mass of exhibition activities lead to the need for a large number of staff to assist the exhibition organizers to realize the functions of exhibition and conference. The human resource structure of exhibition enterprises is mainly the personnel in the preparatory period of exhibition sales, which is generally small in scale. During exhibitions and conferences, the staff of exhibition organizers are mainly engaged in management work to ensure that the activities are carried out as planned, while some specific and simple work needs a large number of temporarily recruited staff to supplement. In the practice of China, it is an ideal way to recruit temporary staff of college students to participate in the exhibition site work in the form of volunteers.
1. Recruiting college student volunteers to complete some work at the exhibition site can reduce the cost of enterprises. Compared with the long-term employment contract or temporary employment of social workers, the labor remuneration of volunteers is lower; Moreover, the recruitment cost of enterprises is low, because the human resources of college students are relatively concentrated, especially in colleges and universities, and some administrative departments or social organizations can help enterprises complete the recruitment work in a short time; The concentration of volunteer sources can also save the training cost and transportation cost of enterprises.
2. The quality of college student volunteers is very important for exhibition enterprises. Temporary staff during the exhibition activities are mainly engaged in some simple, single and meticulous work. It is necessary to reflect the service awareness and service level of the organizers and create a good atmosphere for the exhibition activities. Because the cycle of exhibition activities is generally short, it is not easy to recruit enough high-quality freelancers in society. College student volunteers have high cultural literacy, strong discipline, high enthusiasm, high spiritual pursuit, relatively free and abundant time, and good energy and physical strength to meet the needs of temporary staff at the exhibition site.
3. Students participating in the exhibition activities in the form of volunteers can benefit schools, enterprises and students. Colleges and universities hope to build a practical platform, improve students' social practice ability and establish a good reputation for the school; Students hope to accumulate experience, increase their knowledge and realize their self-worth through social practice; Enterprises can carry out commercial activities at a lower cost, and can publicize exhibition activities through the word-of-mouth of volunteers to achieve a win-win situation for all three parties.
Although the participation of college student volunteers in exhibition activities is a win-win cooperation, there are the following problems in work practice:
1. The loyalty and sense of responsibility of volunteers may lead to instability of staff. Due to temporary recruitment, the purpose and intention of volunteers are diverse, while college students lack social work experience, have deviations in work expectations, and cannot establish close psychological identity with the exhibition organizers, which may lead to some volunteers' service awareness and sense of responsibility not meeting the requirements.
2. Volunteers lack working ability, overall view and initiative. The professional service posts of exhibition volunteers are irrelevant, and they are not good at recognizing the importance of their posts from the overall situation of activities, so they often lack the overall view, wait for answers when encountering problems, and are not good at active communication. If the exhibition organizers can't provide enough training, volunteers will not be able to provide professional and personalized services.
3. The satisfaction of volunteers is not high, which leads to the low enthusiasm of college students to participate in exhibition activities. Due to the short-term characteristics of volunteer behavior, it is difficult for managers to conduct effective team communication and coordinated management, neglect the importance of volunteer work, lack due respect, and poor communication and exchange of work information, which leads volunteers to feel neglected and excluded, and have no sense of collective belonging. Some college student volunteers think that the work is too simple, the improvement of their ability is limited, they can't give full play to their special skills and get spiritual satisfaction, so they think that participating in exhibition activities is of little value.
Second, the management principles of college student volunteers in exhibition activities
Evaluating the quality of a large-scale exhibition mainly depends on whether the exhibition site can be carried out according to the preparation work. Exhibition enterprises need to make a good volunteer recruitment management plan, so that volunteers can realize their self-worth and achieve the effect of activities at the same time.
First of all, we should understand the role of college student volunteers in the exhibition in order to make a better management plan. In the exhibition activities, volunteers, under the leadership of the organizer's staff, do relatively simple work within a certain scope of responsibilities to complete the reception, information consultation, on-site guidance, access control management, equipment management, delivery and distribution of materials and materials, data collection and other work of the exhibition activities. To ensure the operation of convention and exhibition activities and help participants in convention and exhibition activities get a better participation experience. Therefore, in the choice of the implementation plan of college student volunteer management, volunteers should never be regarded as "supporting roles" in exhibition activities, but as "auxiliary personnel" of regular employees. College student volunteers are the concrete implementers of successful exhibitions, providing the most direct service for the participants in the exhibition activities on the spot, and ensuring that the exhibition activities are carried out according to the established plan. Therefore, we should pay attention to the individual needs of volunteers, pay attention to the return form of their volunteer service, and prevent excessive attention to the short-term value of volunteers. In fact, a large number of volunteers' satisfaction with the exhibition activities can promote the exhibition by word of mouth. College students occupy some social media discourse rights, and they are also the people who are about to enter the workplace. Their word-of-mouth communication has played a certain role in the lasting vitality of the exhibition project.
Volunteer recruitment management should follow the following principles:
First, in the process of volunteer allocation and management, we should follow the principle of synergy, so that volunteers' management subjects, volunteers and regular employees, volunteers from different departments and volunteers from the same department can form an overall resultant force greater than the sum of individual components through reasonable combination and effective division of labor and cooperation.
Second, the allocation of volunteer positions should be flexible. Post allocation should be thorough and leave appropriate flexible space. In an emergency, we can mobilize enough volunteers in an effective time, regardless of their positions and division of labor.
Third, the coordination of centralization and decentralization. Volunteers should be given a certain degree of autonomy, fully arouse their enthusiasm and creativity, ensure that they carry out their work according to the predetermined goals, and at the same time take back the power given to them under specific circumstances.
Fourth, we should pay attention to the balance of rights and obligations in the recruitment and management of volunteers. The rights of volunteers can include understanding work policies, expressing willingness to work, obtaining a volunteer service certificate, obtaining necessary working conditions, giving opinions and suggestions on volunteer work, and applying for withdrawal. Volunteers' obligations include abiding by laws and relevant regulations of organizers, fulfilling service commitments, participating in unified training and related activities, directing and deploying service organizers, and abiding by confidentiality agreements.
Fifth, the design of voluntary reward forms should be closer to their spiritual needs, and the reward forms should be unique. For example, visit in the afternoon on the last day of the exhibition, have dinner after the meeting, distribute exhibition souvenirs and commend outstanding volunteers. On the one hand, this kind of activity arrangement can make college student volunteers feel respected, which is in line with the self-interest motivation of volunteers in the "all-round five-factor model" proposed by Manjit (2006), that is, to pursue themselves in the moral and psychological sense, in which the feeling of being needed and respected is very important.
Thirdly, the organizers of exhibition activities train college students' volunteers.
Volunteer training is an activity process that enables volunteers to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to serve exhibition activities by cultivating their knowledge and ability related to exhibition activities. The level of volunteer service is often an important indicator to evaluate the success of large-scale activities, which is closely related to the training level. The period of exhibition activities is generally 3 to 7 days, and the training of volunteers should be controlled within 1-2 days. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate detailed and thorough training plans and methods, so that college students can appreciate the value of training, which is also the most meaningful reward for volunteer work. According to the "comprehensive five-factor model" proposed by Manjit Monga 2006), the practicality and altruistic motivation of volunteers participating in activities are important driving forces. Practical motivation means that volunteers hope to gain personal benefits by participating in activities, such as improving knowledge, skills and work experience. Therefore, exhibition organizers need to carefully prepare pre-job training, not only to list the knowledge and skills that college students need to master and the requirements for them, but also to determine how the training content can be combined with their needs from the perspective of college students.
In terms of training content, we should seek diversified personalized quality training for volunteers under the goal of "seeking common development", including etiquette in dealing with people, strengthening the public's sense of responsibility, and the most important thing is to cultivate a sense of belonging and pay attention to the spiritual level. Pre-job orientation training is mainly to let volunteers know about the policies and processes of volunteer service for large-scale activities and the daily affairs they may face through various ways, so that volunteers can know as much as possible about exhibition activities to meet the requirements of exhibition activities. In addition, classified training should be carried out according to the specific service work of volunteers. The training content is not limited to the skill requirements and descriptions of the specific work to be done by volunteers, but also provides some reference examples for volunteers to better complete their work through specific and standardized guidance. At the same time, training materials can be prepared for volunteers. On the one hand, it can be used as a work manual, and it can also allow volunteers to choose appropriate learning methods and appropriately reduce the centralized training for volunteers.
In addition, the training of college student volunteers should strengthen the confidentiality system and safety awareness training. By signing confidentiality agreements and work agreements, volunteers can realize that they are involved in commercial activities and their actions may have an impact on enterprises. Such training can reduce the risk of employing people in enterprises, and also enable volunteers to enhance their business awareness and realize the value of their work.
In order to achieve a win-win situation among enterprises, schools and college volunteers, exhibition enterprises or exhibition industry associations can work out possible cooperation modes with schools, and enterprises will build practical platforms, and schools will provide necessary basic knowledge and skills learning.